Clarifying the roles of schizotypy and psychopathic traits in lexical decision performance

Introduction: Some studies suggest that lexical recognition is impaired in people with schizophrenia, psychopathy and/or antisocial personality disorders, but not affective disorders. We examined the extent to which various traits dimensionally linked to one or more of these disorders are associated...

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Autores principales:	Martina Vanova, Luke Aldridge-Waddon, Ben Jennings, Leonie Elbers, Ignazio Puzzo, Veena Kumari
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Elsevier 2022
Materias:	Schizotypy Psychopathy Impulsivity Lexical decision task Lexical recognition Reading skills Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system RC346-429
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/c0dc90b1440f4b59b63e62d24b9318bc
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:c0dc90b1440f4b59b63e62d24b9318bc2021-11-18T04:49:09ZClarifying the roles of schizotypy and psychopathic traits in lexical decision performance2215-001310.1016/j.scog.2021.100224https://doaj.org/article/c0dc90b1440f4b59b63e62d24b9318bc2022-03-01T00:00:00Zhttp://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2215001321000317https://doaj.org/toc/2215-0013Introduction: Some studies suggest that lexical recognition is impaired in people with schizophrenia, psychopathy and/or antisocial personality disorders, but not affective disorders. We examined the extent to which various traits dimensionally linked to one or more of these disorders are associated with lexical recognition performance in the general population. Methods: Seventy-eight healthy English-speaking participants completed self-report measures of schizotypy, psychopathy, impulsivity, depression, anxiety and stress. All participants were assessed on a one-choice variant of a lexical decision task (LDT). Results: Meanness and Boldness traits of psychopathy (Triarchic Psychopathy Measure), and positive schizotypy (Unusual Experiences, Oxford-Liverpool Inventory of Feelings and Experiences) were associated with poor word-nonword accuracy, and predicted a significant amount of unique variance (Meanness, 12%; Boldness, 4.8%; Positive Schizotypy, 4.4%; total 21%) in performance. Higher motor impulsivity predicted 30% of the variance in low-frequency words recognition accuracy, but only in non-native English speakers. Affective traits were not associated with LDT performance. Conclusion: Psychopathic traits show stronger negative associations with lexical recognition performance than schizotypal traits, and impulsivity may differently influence lexical decision performance in native and non-native speakers. Further studies are needed to replicate these findings, especially the influence of language familiarity in the impulsivity-performance relationship, and to clarify the influence of corresponding symptom dimensions in lexical recognition abilities, taking language familiarity, migration status, and comorbidity into account, in people with schizophrenia, psychopathy, and/or antisocial personality disorders.Martina VanovaLuke Aldridge-WaddonBen JenningsLeonie ElbersIgnazio PuzzoVeena KumariElsevierarticleSchizotypyPsychopathyImpulsivityLexical decision taskLexical recognitionReading skillsNeurology. Diseases of the nervous systemRC346-429ENSchizophrenia Research: Cognition, Vol 27, Iss , Pp 100224- (2022)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Schizotypy Psychopathy Impulsivity Lexical decision task Lexical recognition Reading skills Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system RC346-429
spellingShingle	Schizotypy Psychopathy Impulsivity Lexical decision task Lexical recognition Reading skills Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system RC346-429 Martina Vanova Luke Aldridge-Waddon Ben Jennings Leonie Elbers Ignazio Puzzo Veena Kumari Clarifying the roles of schizotypy and psychopathic traits in lexical decision performance
description	Introduction: Some studies suggest that lexical recognition is impaired in people with schizophrenia, psychopathy and/or antisocial personality disorders, but not affective disorders. We examined the extent to which various traits dimensionally linked to one or more of these disorders are associated with lexical recognition performance in the general population. Methods: Seventy-eight healthy English-speaking participants completed self-report measures of schizotypy, psychopathy, impulsivity, depression, anxiety and stress. All participants were assessed on a one-choice variant of a lexical decision task (LDT). Results: Meanness and Boldness traits of psychopathy (Triarchic Psychopathy Measure), and positive schizotypy (Unusual Experiences, Oxford-Liverpool Inventory of Feelings and Experiences) were associated with poor word-nonword accuracy, and predicted a significant amount of unique variance (Meanness, 12%; Boldness, 4.8%; Positive Schizotypy, 4.4%; total 21%) in performance. Higher motor impulsivity predicted 30% of the variance in low-frequency words recognition accuracy, but only in non-native English speakers. Affective traits were not associated with LDT performance. Conclusion: Psychopathic traits show stronger negative associations with lexical recognition performance than schizotypal traits, and impulsivity may differently influence lexical decision performance in native and non-native speakers. Further studies are needed to replicate these findings, especially the influence of language familiarity in the impulsivity-performance relationship, and to clarify the influence of corresponding symptom dimensions in lexical recognition abilities, taking language familiarity, migration status, and comorbidity into account, in people with schizophrenia, psychopathy, and/or antisocial personality disorders.
format	article
author	Martina Vanova Luke Aldridge-Waddon Ben Jennings Leonie Elbers Ignazio Puzzo Veena Kumari
author_facet	Martina Vanova Luke Aldridge-Waddon Ben Jennings Leonie Elbers Ignazio Puzzo Veena Kumari
author_sort	Martina Vanova
title	Clarifying the roles of schizotypy and psychopathic traits in lexical decision performance
title_short	Clarifying the roles of schizotypy and psychopathic traits in lexical decision performance
title_full	Clarifying the roles of schizotypy and psychopathic traits in lexical decision performance
title_fullStr	Clarifying the roles of schizotypy and psychopathic traits in lexical decision performance
title_full_unstemmed	Clarifying the roles of schizotypy and psychopathic traits in lexical decision performance
title_sort	clarifying the roles of schizotypy and psychopathic traits in lexical decision performance
publisher	Elsevier
publishDate	2022
url	https://doaj.org/article/c0dc90b1440f4b59b63e62d24b9318bc
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Clarifying the roles of schizotypy and psychopathic traits in lexical decision performance

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