A portable isometric knee extensor strength testing device: test-retest reliability and minimal detectable change scores of the Q-Force ӀӀ in healthy adults

Abstract Background Although knee extensors are essential in daily activities (e.g. walking, climbing stairs), knee extensor strength is often not measured in clinical settings. Existing devices to test muscle strength are not always suitable to accurately measure the high forces of this muscle grou...

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Autores principales:	Johanneke Hartog, Sandra Dijkstra, Joke Fleer, Pim van der Harst, Massimo A. Mariani, Lucas H. V. van der Woude
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	BMC 2021
Materias:	Muscle strength Muscle weakness Therapeutics Resistance training Quadriceps muscle Muscular atrophy Diseases of the musculoskeletal system RC925-935
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/c0e2c4c0e4c84331a1e4b7108f62c76f
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:c0e2c4c0e4c84331a1e4b7108f62c76f2021-11-21T12:27:40ZA portable isometric knee extensor strength testing device: test-retest reliability and minimal detectable change scores of the Q-Force ӀӀ in healthy adults10.1186/s12891-021-04848-81471-2474https://doaj.org/article/c0e2c4c0e4c84331a1e4b7108f62c76f2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1186/s12891-021-04848-8https://doaj.org/toc/1471-2474Abstract Background Although knee extensors are essential in daily activities (e.g. walking, climbing stairs), knee extensor strength is often not measured in clinical settings. Existing devices to test muscle strength are not always suitable to accurately measure the high forces of this muscle group. Therefore, a device to test muscle strength that is convenient, feasible, reliable, and valid in clinical settings is required. This study evaluated the reliability, responsiveness, and level of discomfort of the newly developed Q-Force ӀӀ (i.e. a portable device to measure isometric knee extensor strength) in healthy middle-aged and elderly adults. Methods Participants (n = 22) conducted two standardized test sessions on the Q-Force ӀӀ (five to ten days apart). Each session consisted of one familiarisation trial followed by three trials of peak isometric knee extension per each leg. Per trial, peak and mean knee extension force (N) and torque (Nm) were measured at 90° flexion. The level of discomfort was determined using a visual analog scale (VAS: 0-100). Intra Class Correlation (ICC, model: two-way mixed with absolute agreement), Standard Error of Measurement (SEM), and minimal detectable change (MDC) were determined. A repeated measures ANOVA was used to determine between-test variation. Results Excellent test-retest (ICC > 0.95) and inter-trial (ICC > 0.91) reliability for both legs were shown. No significant differences were found in peak and mean knee forces and torques between test and retest of both legs, indicating good test-retest reliability (P-value range: 0.360-0.538; F(1,21) range: 0.4-0.9). The SEM of the peak and mean forces and torques ranged from 28.0 to 30.4 N (6.0-6.8%) and from 9.2 to 10.4 Nm (6.4-7.7%), respectively. The MDC for these outcomes ranged respectively from 77.6 to 84.1 N (16.5-18.8%) and from 25.5 to 28.9 Nm (17.6-21.4%). The level of discomfort was low (median range: 7-10, IQR: 4-18). Conclusion The portable Q-Force ӀӀ is a comfortable, responsive, and relatively cheap device with excellent test-retest reliability. This device would be potentially suitable to measure isometric knee extensor strength in clinical settings.Johanneke HartogSandra DijkstraJoke FleerPim van der HarstMassimo A. MarianiLucas H. V. van der WoudeBMCarticleMuscle strengthMuscle weaknessTherapeuticsResistance trainingQuadriceps muscleMuscular atrophyDiseases of the musculoskeletal systemRC925-935ENBMC Musculoskeletal Disorders, Vol 22, Iss 1, Pp 1-12 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Muscle strength Muscle weakness Therapeutics Resistance training Quadriceps muscle Muscular atrophy Diseases of the musculoskeletal system RC925-935
spellingShingle	Muscle strength Muscle weakness Therapeutics Resistance training Quadriceps muscle Muscular atrophy Diseases of the musculoskeletal system RC925-935 Johanneke Hartog Sandra Dijkstra Joke Fleer Pim van der Harst Massimo A. Mariani Lucas H. V. van der Woude A portable isometric knee extensor strength testing device: test-retest reliability and minimal detectable change scores of the Q-Force ӀӀ in healthy adults
description	Abstract Background Although knee extensors are essential in daily activities (e.g. walking, climbing stairs), knee extensor strength is often not measured in clinical settings. Existing devices to test muscle strength are not always suitable to accurately measure the high forces of this muscle group. Therefore, a device to test muscle strength that is convenient, feasible, reliable, and valid in clinical settings is required. This study evaluated the reliability, responsiveness, and level of discomfort of the newly developed Q-Force ӀӀ (i.e. a portable device to measure isometric knee extensor strength) in healthy middle-aged and elderly adults. Methods Participants (n = 22) conducted two standardized test sessions on the Q-Force ӀӀ (five to ten days apart). Each session consisted of one familiarisation trial followed by three trials of peak isometric knee extension per each leg. Per trial, peak and mean knee extension force (N) and torque (Nm) were measured at 90° flexion. The level of discomfort was determined using a visual analog scale (VAS: 0-100). Intra Class Correlation (ICC, model: two-way mixed with absolute agreement), Standard Error of Measurement (SEM), and minimal detectable change (MDC) were determined. A repeated measures ANOVA was used to determine between-test variation. Results Excellent test-retest (ICC > 0.95) and inter-trial (ICC > 0.91) reliability for both legs were shown. No significant differences were found in peak and mean knee forces and torques between test and retest of both legs, indicating good test-retest reliability (P-value range: 0.360-0.538; F(1,21) range: 0.4-0.9). The SEM of the peak and mean forces and torques ranged from 28.0 to 30.4 N (6.0-6.8%) and from 9.2 to 10.4 Nm (6.4-7.7%), respectively. The MDC for these outcomes ranged respectively from 77.6 to 84.1 N (16.5-18.8%) and from 25.5 to 28.9 Nm (17.6-21.4%). The level of discomfort was low (median range: 7-10, IQR: 4-18). Conclusion The portable Q-Force ӀӀ is a comfortable, responsive, and relatively cheap device with excellent test-retest reliability. This device would be potentially suitable to measure isometric knee extensor strength in clinical settings.
format	article
author	Johanneke Hartog Sandra Dijkstra Joke Fleer Pim van der Harst Massimo A. Mariani Lucas H. V. van der Woude
author_facet	Johanneke Hartog Sandra Dijkstra Joke Fleer Pim van der Harst Massimo A. Mariani Lucas H. V. van der Woude
author_sort	Johanneke Hartog
title	A portable isometric knee extensor strength testing device: test-retest reliability and minimal detectable change scores of the Q-Force ӀӀ in healthy adults
title_short	A portable isometric knee extensor strength testing device: test-retest reliability and minimal detectable change scores of the Q-Force ӀӀ in healthy adults
title_full	A portable isometric knee extensor strength testing device: test-retest reliability and minimal detectable change scores of the Q-Force ӀӀ in healthy adults
title_fullStr	A portable isometric knee extensor strength testing device: test-retest reliability and minimal detectable change scores of the Q-Force ӀӀ in healthy adults
title_full_unstemmed	A portable isometric knee extensor strength testing device: test-retest reliability and minimal detectable change scores of the Q-Force ӀӀ in healthy adults
title_sort	portable isometric knee extensor strength testing device: test-retest reliability and minimal detectable change scores of the q-force ӏӏ in healthy adults
publisher	BMC
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/c0e2c4c0e4c84331a1e4b7108f62c76f
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A portable isometric knee extensor strength testing device: test-retest reliability and minimal detectable change scores of the Q-Force ӀӀ in healthy adults

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