Molecular Analysis of the Avian H7 Influenza Viruses Circulating in South Korea during 2018–2019: Evolutionary Significance and Associated Zoonotic Threats

Avian influenza virus (AIV) subtypes H5 and H7, possessing the ability to mutate spontaneously from low pathogenic (LP) to highly pathogenic (HP) variants, are major concerns for enormous socio-economic losses in the poultry industry, as well as for fatal human infections. Through antigenic drift an...

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Autores principales:	Bao Tuan Duong, Jyotiranjan Bal, Haan Woo Sung, Seon-Ju Yeo, Hyun Park
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	H7 avian influenza highly pathogenic Microbiology QR1-502
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/c0e8d71e3a084c8f9a1b2bee15ef9095
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:c0e8d71e3a084c8f9a1b2bee15ef90952021-11-25T19:13:52ZMolecular Analysis of the Avian H7 Influenza Viruses Circulating in South Korea during 2018–2019: Evolutionary Significance and Associated Zoonotic Threats10.3390/v131122601999-4915https://doaj.org/article/c0e8d71e3a084c8f9a1b2bee15ef90952021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/13/11/2260https://doaj.org/toc/1999-4915Avian influenza virus (AIV) subtypes H5 and H7, possessing the ability to mutate spontaneously from low pathogenic (LP) to highly pathogenic (HP) variants, are major concerns for enormous socio-economic losses in the poultry industry, as well as for fatal human infections. Through antigenic drift and shift, genetic reassortments of the genotypes pose serious threats of increased virulence and pathogenicity leading to potential pandemics. In this study, we isolated the H7-subtype AIVs circulating in the Republic of Korea during 2018–2019, and perform detailed molecular analysis to study their circulation, evolution, and possible emergence as a zoonotic threat. Phylogenetic and nucleotide sequence analyses of these isolates revealed their distribution into two distinct clusters, with the HA gene sharing the highest nucleotide identity with either the A/common teal/Shanghai/CM1216/2017, isolated from wild birds in Shanghai, China, or the A/duck/Shimane/2014, isolated from Japan. Mutations were found in HA (S138A (H3 numbering)), M1 (N30D and T215A), NS1 (P42S), PB2 (L89V), and PA (H266R and F277S) proteins—the mutations had previously been reported to be related to mammalian adaptation and changes in the virulence of AIVs. Taken together, the results firmly put forth the demand for routine surveillance of AIVs in wild birds to prevent possible pandemics arising from reassortant AIVs.Bao Tuan DuongJyotiranjan BalHaan Woo SungSeon-Ju YeoHyun ParkMDPI AGarticleH7avian influenzahighly pathogenicMicrobiologyQR1-502ENViruses, Vol 13, Iss 2260, p 2260 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	H7 avian influenza highly pathogenic Microbiology QR1-502
spellingShingle	H7 avian influenza highly pathogenic Microbiology QR1-502 Bao Tuan Duong Jyotiranjan Bal Haan Woo Sung Seon-Ju Yeo Hyun Park Molecular Analysis of the Avian H7 Influenza Viruses Circulating in South Korea during 2018–2019: Evolutionary Significance and Associated Zoonotic Threats
description	Avian influenza virus (AIV) subtypes H5 and H7, possessing the ability to mutate spontaneously from low pathogenic (LP) to highly pathogenic (HP) variants, are major concerns for enormous socio-economic losses in the poultry industry, as well as for fatal human infections. Through antigenic drift and shift, genetic reassortments of the genotypes pose serious threats of increased virulence and pathogenicity leading to potential pandemics. In this study, we isolated the H7-subtype AIVs circulating in the Republic of Korea during 2018–2019, and perform detailed molecular analysis to study their circulation, evolution, and possible emergence as a zoonotic threat. Phylogenetic and nucleotide sequence analyses of these isolates revealed their distribution into two distinct clusters, with the HA gene sharing the highest nucleotide identity with either the A/common teal/Shanghai/CM1216/2017, isolated from wild birds in Shanghai, China, or the A/duck/Shimane/2014, isolated from Japan. Mutations were found in HA (S138A (H3 numbering)), M1 (N30D and T215A), NS1 (P42S), PB2 (L89V), and PA (H266R and F277S) proteins—the mutations had previously been reported to be related to mammalian adaptation and changes in the virulence of AIVs. Taken together, the results firmly put forth the demand for routine surveillance of AIVs in wild birds to prevent possible pandemics arising from reassortant AIVs.
format	article
author	Bao Tuan Duong Jyotiranjan Bal Haan Woo Sung Seon-Ju Yeo Hyun Park
author_facet	Bao Tuan Duong Jyotiranjan Bal Haan Woo Sung Seon-Ju Yeo Hyun Park
author_sort	Bao Tuan Duong
title	Molecular Analysis of the Avian H7 Influenza Viruses Circulating in South Korea during 2018–2019: Evolutionary Significance and Associated Zoonotic Threats
title_short	Molecular Analysis of the Avian H7 Influenza Viruses Circulating in South Korea during 2018–2019: Evolutionary Significance and Associated Zoonotic Threats
title_full	Molecular Analysis of the Avian H7 Influenza Viruses Circulating in South Korea during 2018–2019: Evolutionary Significance and Associated Zoonotic Threats
title_fullStr	Molecular Analysis of the Avian H7 Influenza Viruses Circulating in South Korea during 2018–2019: Evolutionary Significance and Associated Zoonotic Threats
title_full_unstemmed	Molecular Analysis of the Avian H7 Influenza Viruses Circulating in South Korea during 2018–2019: Evolutionary Significance and Associated Zoonotic Threats
title_sort	molecular analysis of the avian h7 influenza viruses circulating in south korea during 2018–2019: evolutionary significance and associated zoonotic threats
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/c0e8d71e3a084c8f9a1b2bee15ef9095
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Molecular Analysis of the Avian H7 Influenza Viruses Circulating in South Korea during 2018–2019: Evolutionary Significance and Associated Zoonotic Threats

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