Severe Stunting Symptoms upon Nepovirus Infection Are Reminiscent of a Chronic Hypersensitive-like Response in a Perennial Woody Fruit Crop

Virus infection of plants can result in various degrees of detrimental impacts and disparate symptom types and severities. Although great strides have been made in our understanding of the virus–host interactions in herbaceous model plants, the mechanisms underlying symptom development are poorly un...

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Autores principales:	Isabelle R. Martin, Emmanuelle Vigne, Amandine Velt, Jean-Michel Hily, Shahinez Garcia, Raymonde Baltenweck, Véronique Komar, Camille Rustenholz, Philippe Hugueney, Olivier Lemaire, Corinne Schmitt-Keichinger
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	contrasting phenotypes grapevine hypersensitive response metabolome pathogenicity plant virus Microbiology QR1-502
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/c0f6ab68efa2402790fe99ead647f4ce
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:c0f6ab68efa2402790fe99ead647f4ce2021-11-25T19:12:37ZSevere Stunting Symptoms upon Nepovirus Infection Are Reminiscent of a Chronic Hypersensitive-like Response in a Perennial Woody Fruit Crop10.3390/v131121381999-4915https://doaj.org/article/c0f6ab68efa2402790fe99ead647f4ce2021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/13/11/2138https://doaj.org/toc/1999-4915Virus infection of plants can result in various degrees of detrimental impacts and disparate symptom types and severities. Although great strides have been made in our understanding of the virus–host interactions in herbaceous model plants, the mechanisms underlying symptom development are poorly understood in perennial fruit crops. Grapevine fanleaf virus (GFLV) causes variable symptoms in most vineyards worldwide. To better understand GFLV-grapevine interactions in relation to symptom development, field and greenhouse trials were conducted with a grapevine genotype that exhibits distinct symptoms in response to a severe and a mild strain of GFLV. After validation of the infection status of the experimental vines by high-throughput sequencing, the transcriptomic and metabolomic profiles in plants infected with the two viral strains were tested and compared by RNA-Seq and LC-MS, respectively, in the differentiating grapevine genotype. In vines infected with the severe GFLV strain, 1023 genes, among which some are implicated in the regulation of the hypersensitive-type response, were specifically deregulated, and a higher accumulation of resveratrol and phytohormones was observed. Interestingly, some experimental vines restricted the virus to the rootstock and remained symptomless. Our results suggest that GFLV induces a strain- and cultivar-specific defense reaction similar to a hypersensitive reaction. This type of defense leads to a severe stunting phenotype in some grapevines, whereas others are resistant. This work is the first evidence of a hypersensitive-like reaction in grapevine during virus infection.Isabelle R. MartinEmmanuelle VigneAmandine VeltJean-Michel HilyShahinez GarciaRaymonde BaltenweckVéronique KomarCamille RustenholzPhilippe HugueneyOlivier LemaireCorinne Schmitt-KeichingerMDPI AGarticlecontrasting phenotypesgrapevinehypersensitive responsemetabolomepathogenicityplant virusMicrobiologyQR1-502ENViruses, Vol 13, Iss 2138, p 2138 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	contrasting phenotypes grapevine hypersensitive response metabolome pathogenicity plant virus Microbiology QR1-502
spellingShingle	contrasting phenotypes grapevine hypersensitive response metabolome pathogenicity plant virus Microbiology QR1-502 Isabelle R. Martin Emmanuelle Vigne Amandine Velt Jean-Michel Hily Shahinez Garcia Raymonde Baltenweck Véronique Komar Camille Rustenholz Philippe Hugueney Olivier Lemaire Corinne Schmitt-Keichinger Severe Stunting Symptoms upon Nepovirus Infection Are Reminiscent of a Chronic Hypersensitive-like Response in a Perennial Woody Fruit Crop
description	Virus infection of plants can result in various degrees of detrimental impacts and disparate symptom types and severities. Although great strides have been made in our understanding of the virus–host interactions in herbaceous model plants, the mechanisms underlying symptom development are poorly understood in perennial fruit crops. Grapevine fanleaf virus (GFLV) causes variable symptoms in most vineyards worldwide. To better understand GFLV-grapevine interactions in relation to symptom development, field and greenhouse trials were conducted with a grapevine genotype that exhibits distinct symptoms in response to a severe and a mild strain of GFLV. After validation of the infection status of the experimental vines by high-throughput sequencing, the transcriptomic and metabolomic profiles in plants infected with the two viral strains were tested and compared by RNA-Seq and LC-MS, respectively, in the differentiating grapevine genotype. In vines infected with the severe GFLV strain, 1023 genes, among which some are implicated in the regulation of the hypersensitive-type response, were specifically deregulated, and a higher accumulation of resveratrol and phytohormones was observed. Interestingly, some experimental vines restricted the virus to the rootstock and remained symptomless. Our results suggest that GFLV induces a strain- and cultivar-specific defense reaction similar to a hypersensitive reaction. This type of defense leads to a severe stunting phenotype in some grapevines, whereas others are resistant. This work is the first evidence of a hypersensitive-like reaction in grapevine during virus infection.
format	article
author	Isabelle R. Martin Emmanuelle Vigne Amandine Velt Jean-Michel Hily Shahinez Garcia Raymonde Baltenweck Véronique Komar Camille Rustenholz Philippe Hugueney Olivier Lemaire Corinne Schmitt-Keichinger
author_facet	Isabelle R. Martin Emmanuelle Vigne Amandine Velt Jean-Michel Hily Shahinez Garcia Raymonde Baltenweck Véronique Komar Camille Rustenholz Philippe Hugueney Olivier Lemaire Corinne Schmitt-Keichinger
author_sort	Isabelle R. Martin
title	Severe Stunting Symptoms upon Nepovirus Infection Are Reminiscent of a Chronic Hypersensitive-like Response in a Perennial Woody Fruit Crop
title_short	Severe Stunting Symptoms upon Nepovirus Infection Are Reminiscent of a Chronic Hypersensitive-like Response in a Perennial Woody Fruit Crop
title_full	Severe Stunting Symptoms upon Nepovirus Infection Are Reminiscent of a Chronic Hypersensitive-like Response in a Perennial Woody Fruit Crop
title_fullStr	Severe Stunting Symptoms upon Nepovirus Infection Are Reminiscent of a Chronic Hypersensitive-like Response in a Perennial Woody Fruit Crop
title_full_unstemmed	Severe Stunting Symptoms upon Nepovirus Infection Are Reminiscent of a Chronic Hypersensitive-like Response in a Perennial Woody Fruit Crop
title_sort	severe stunting symptoms upon nepovirus infection are reminiscent of a chronic hypersensitive-like response in a perennial woody fruit crop
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/c0f6ab68efa2402790fe99ead647f4ce
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Severe Stunting Symptoms upon Nepovirus Infection Are Reminiscent of a Chronic Hypersensitive-like Response in a Perennial Woody Fruit Crop

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