Bacterial diversity in oral samples of children in niger with acute noma, acute necrotizing gingivitis, and healthy controls.

<h4>Background</h4>Noma is a gangrenous disease that leads to severe disfigurement of the face with high morbidity and mortality, but its etiology remains unknown. Young children in developing countries are almost exclusively affected. The purpose of the study was to record and compare b...

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Autores principales:	Ignacio Bolivar, Katrine Whiteson, Benoît Stadelmann, Denise Baratti-Mayer, Yann Gizard, Andrea Mombelli, Didier Pittet, Jacques Schrenzel, Geneva Study Group on Noma (GESNOMA)
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2012
Materias:	Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/c1443b48807d42ccac61fd901e1f487b
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:c1443b48807d42ccac61fd901e1f487b2021-11-18T09:14:22ZBacterial diversity in oral samples of children in niger with acute noma, acute necrotizing gingivitis, and healthy controls.1935-27271935-273510.1371/journal.pntd.0001556https://doaj.org/article/c1443b48807d42ccac61fd901e1f487b2012-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/22413030/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1935-2727https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2735<h4>Background</h4>Noma is a gangrenous disease that leads to severe disfigurement of the face with high morbidity and mortality, but its etiology remains unknown. Young children in developing countries are almost exclusively affected. The purpose of the study was to record and compare bacterial diversity in oral samples from children with or without acute noma or acute necrotizing gingivitis from a defined geographical region in Niger by culture-independent molecular methods.<h4>Methods and principal findings</h4>Gingival samples from 23 healthy children, nine children with acute necrotizing gingivitis, and 23 children with acute noma (both healthy and diseased oral sites) were amplified using "universal" PCR primers for the 16 S rRNA gene and pooled according to category (noma, healthy, or acute necrotizing gingivitis), gender, and site status (diseased or control site). Seven libraries were generated. A total of 1237 partial 16 S rRNA sequences representing 339 bacterial species or phylotypes at a 98-99% identity level were obtained. Analysis of bacterial composition and frequency showed that diseased (noma or acute necrotizing gingivitis) and healthy site bacterial communities are composed of similar bacteria, but differ in the prevalence of a limited group of phylotypes. Large increases in counts of Prevotella intermedia and members of the Peptostreptococcus genus are associated with disease. In contrast, no clear-cut differences were found between noma and non-noma libraries.<h4>Conclusions</h4>Similarities between acute necrotizing gingivitis and noma samples support the hypothesis that the disease could evolve from acute necrotizing gingivitis in certain children for reasons still to be elucidated. This study revealed oral microbiological patterns associated with noma and acute necrotizing gingivitis, but no evidence was found for a specific infection-triggering agent.Ignacio BolivarKatrine WhitesonBenoît StadelmannDenise Baratti-MayerYann GizardAndrea MombelliDidier PittetJacques SchrenzelGeneva Study Group on Noma (GESNOMA)Public Library of Science (PLoS)articleArctic medicine. Tropical medicineRC955-962Public aspects of medicineRA1-1270ENPLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 6, Iss 3, p e1556 (2012)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270
spellingShingle	Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 Ignacio Bolivar Katrine Whiteson Benoît Stadelmann Denise Baratti-Mayer Yann Gizard Andrea Mombelli Didier Pittet Jacques Schrenzel Geneva Study Group on Noma (GESNOMA) Bacterial diversity in oral samples of children in niger with acute noma, acute necrotizing gingivitis, and healthy controls.
description	<h4>Background</h4>Noma is a gangrenous disease that leads to severe disfigurement of the face with high morbidity and mortality, but its etiology remains unknown. Young children in developing countries are almost exclusively affected. The purpose of the study was to record and compare bacterial diversity in oral samples from children with or without acute noma or acute necrotizing gingivitis from a defined geographical region in Niger by culture-independent molecular methods.<h4>Methods and principal findings</h4>Gingival samples from 23 healthy children, nine children with acute necrotizing gingivitis, and 23 children with acute noma (both healthy and diseased oral sites) were amplified using "universal" PCR primers for the 16 S rRNA gene and pooled according to category (noma, healthy, or acute necrotizing gingivitis), gender, and site status (diseased or control site). Seven libraries were generated. A total of 1237 partial 16 S rRNA sequences representing 339 bacterial species or phylotypes at a 98-99% identity level were obtained. Analysis of bacterial composition and frequency showed that diseased (noma or acute necrotizing gingivitis) and healthy site bacterial communities are composed of similar bacteria, but differ in the prevalence of a limited group of phylotypes. Large increases in counts of Prevotella intermedia and members of the Peptostreptococcus genus are associated with disease. In contrast, no clear-cut differences were found between noma and non-noma libraries.<h4>Conclusions</h4>Similarities between acute necrotizing gingivitis and noma samples support the hypothesis that the disease could evolve from acute necrotizing gingivitis in certain children for reasons still to be elucidated. This study revealed oral microbiological patterns associated with noma and acute necrotizing gingivitis, but no evidence was found for a specific infection-triggering agent.
format	article
author	Ignacio Bolivar Katrine Whiteson Benoît Stadelmann Denise Baratti-Mayer Yann Gizard Andrea Mombelli Didier Pittet Jacques Schrenzel Geneva Study Group on Noma (GESNOMA)
author_facet	Ignacio Bolivar Katrine Whiteson Benoît Stadelmann Denise Baratti-Mayer Yann Gizard Andrea Mombelli Didier Pittet Jacques Schrenzel Geneva Study Group on Noma (GESNOMA)
author_sort	Ignacio Bolivar
title	Bacterial diversity in oral samples of children in niger with acute noma, acute necrotizing gingivitis, and healthy controls.
title_short	Bacterial diversity in oral samples of children in niger with acute noma, acute necrotizing gingivitis, and healthy controls.
title_full	Bacterial diversity in oral samples of children in niger with acute noma, acute necrotizing gingivitis, and healthy controls.
title_fullStr	Bacterial diversity in oral samples of children in niger with acute noma, acute necrotizing gingivitis, and healthy controls.
title_full_unstemmed	Bacterial diversity in oral samples of children in niger with acute noma, acute necrotizing gingivitis, and healthy controls.
title_sort	bacterial diversity in oral samples of children in niger with acute noma, acute necrotizing gingivitis, and healthy controls.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2012
url	https://doaj.org/article/c1443b48807d42ccac61fd901e1f487b
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Bacterial diversity in oral samples of children in niger with acute noma, acute necrotizing gingivitis, and healthy controls.

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