Yet More Evidence of Collusion: a New Viral Defense System Encoded by <italic toggle="yes">Gordonia</italic> Phage CarolAnn

ABSTRACT Temperate phages play important roles in the physiology of their bacterial hosts and establish a lysogenic relationship with the host through which prophage-expressed genes confer new phenotypes. A key phenotype is prophage-mediated defense against heterotypic viral attack, in which tempera...

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Autores principales:	Matthew T. Montgomery, Carlos A. Guerrero Bustamante, Rebekah M. Dedrick, Deborah Jacobs-Sera, Graham F. Hatfull
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	American Society for Microbiology 2019
Materias:	bacteriophage Gordonia viral defense Microbiology QR1-502
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/c15279fb7e2c45cab73b80defbd84beb
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:c15279fb7e2c45cab73b80defbd84beb2021-11-15T15:55:26ZYet More Evidence of Collusion: a New Viral Defense System Encoded by <italic toggle="yes">Gordonia</italic> Phage CarolAnn10.1128/mBio.02417-182150-7511https://doaj.org/article/c15279fb7e2c45cab73b80defbd84beb2019-04-01T00:00:00Zhttps://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/mBio.02417-18https://doaj.org/toc/2150-7511ABSTRACT Temperate phages play important roles in the physiology of their bacterial hosts and establish a lysogenic relationship with the host through which prophage-expressed genes confer new phenotypes. A key phenotype is prophage-mediated defense against heterotypic viral attack, in which temperate phages collude with their bacterial host to prevent other phages from attacking, sometimes with exquisite specificity. Such defense systems have been described in Pseudomonas and Mycobacterium phages but are likely widespread throughout the microbial community. Here, we describe a novel prophage-mediated defense system encoded by Gordonia phage CarolAnn, which defends against infection by unrelated phages grouped in cluster CZ. CarolAnn genes 43 and 44 are coexpressed with the repressor and are necessary and sufficient to confer defense against phage Kita and its close relatives. Kita and these relatives are targeted through Kita gene 53, a gene that is of unknown function but which is the location of defense escape mutations that overcome CarolAnn defense. Expression of Kita gene 53 is toxic to Gordonia terrae in the presence of CarolAnn genes 43 and 44, suggesting that defense may be mediated by an abortive infection type of mechanism. CarolAnn genes 43 and 44 are distant relatives of mycobacteriophage Sbash genes 31 and 30, respectively, which also confer viral defense but use a different targeting system. IMPORTANCE Prophage-mediated viral defense systems play a key role in microbial dynamics, as lysogeny is established relatively efficiently, and prophage-expressed genes can strongly inhibit lytic infection of other, unrelated phages. Demonstrating such defense systems in Gordonia terrae suggests that these systems are widespread and that there are a multitude of different systems with different specificities for the attacking phages.Matthew T. MontgomeryCarlos A. Guerrero BustamanteRebekah M. DedrickDeborah Jacobs-SeraGraham F. HatfullAmerican Society for MicrobiologyarticlebacteriophageGordoniaviral defenseMicrobiologyQR1-502ENmBio, Vol 10, Iss 2 (2019)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	bacteriophage Gordonia viral defense Microbiology QR1-502
spellingShingle	bacteriophage Gordonia viral defense Microbiology QR1-502 Matthew T. Montgomery Carlos A. Guerrero Bustamante Rebekah M. Dedrick Deborah Jacobs-Sera Graham F. Hatfull Yet More Evidence of Collusion: a New Viral Defense System Encoded by <italic toggle="yes">Gordonia</italic> Phage CarolAnn
description	ABSTRACT Temperate phages play important roles in the physiology of their bacterial hosts and establish a lysogenic relationship with the host through which prophage-expressed genes confer new phenotypes. A key phenotype is prophage-mediated defense against heterotypic viral attack, in which temperate phages collude with their bacterial host to prevent other phages from attacking, sometimes with exquisite specificity. Such defense systems have been described in Pseudomonas and Mycobacterium phages but are likely widespread throughout the microbial community. Here, we describe a novel prophage-mediated defense system encoded by Gordonia phage CarolAnn, which defends against infection by unrelated phages grouped in cluster CZ. CarolAnn genes 43 and 44 are coexpressed with the repressor and are necessary and sufficient to confer defense against phage Kita and its close relatives. Kita and these relatives are targeted through Kita gene 53, a gene that is of unknown function but which is the location of defense escape mutations that overcome CarolAnn defense. Expression of Kita gene 53 is toxic to Gordonia terrae in the presence of CarolAnn genes 43 and 44, suggesting that defense may be mediated by an abortive infection type of mechanism. CarolAnn genes 43 and 44 are distant relatives of mycobacteriophage Sbash genes 31 and 30, respectively, which also confer viral defense but use a different targeting system. IMPORTANCE Prophage-mediated viral defense systems play a key role in microbial dynamics, as lysogeny is established relatively efficiently, and prophage-expressed genes can strongly inhibit lytic infection of other, unrelated phages. Demonstrating such defense systems in Gordonia terrae suggests that these systems are widespread and that there are a multitude of different systems with different specificities for the attacking phages.
format	article
author	Matthew T. Montgomery Carlos A. Guerrero Bustamante Rebekah M. Dedrick Deborah Jacobs-Sera Graham F. Hatfull
author_facet	Matthew T. Montgomery Carlos A. Guerrero Bustamante Rebekah M. Dedrick Deborah Jacobs-Sera Graham F. Hatfull
author_sort	Matthew T. Montgomery
title	Yet More Evidence of Collusion: a New Viral Defense System Encoded by <italic toggle="yes">Gordonia</italic> Phage CarolAnn
title_short	Yet More Evidence of Collusion: a New Viral Defense System Encoded by <italic toggle="yes">Gordonia</italic> Phage CarolAnn
title_full	Yet More Evidence of Collusion: a New Viral Defense System Encoded by <italic toggle="yes">Gordonia</italic> Phage CarolAnn
title_fullStr	Yet More Evidence of Collusion: a New Viral Defense System Encoded by <italic toggle="yes">Gordonia</italic> Phage CarolAnn
title_full_unstemmed	Yet More Evidence of Collusion: a New Viral Defense System Encoded by <italic toggle="yes">Gordonia</italic> Phage CarolAnn
title_sort	yet more evidence of collusion: a new viral defense system encoded by <italic toggle="yes">gordonia</italic> phage carolann
publisher	American Society for Microbiology
publishDate	2019
url	https://doaj.org/article/c15279fb7e2c45cab73b80defbd84beb
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Yet More Evidence of Collusion: a New Viral Defense System Encoded by <italic toggle="yes">Gordonia</italic> Phage CarolAnn

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