Natural Infection with <italic toggle="yes">Giardia</italic> Is Associated with Altered Community Structure of the Human and Canine Gut Microbiome

ABSTRACT Enteric parasitic infections are among the most prevalent infections in lower- and middle-income countries (LMICs) and have a profound impact on global public health. While the microbiome is increasingly recognized as a key determinant of gut health and human development, the impact of natu...

Descripción completa

Guardado en:

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales:	Alexander S. F. Berry, Kaylynn Johnson, Rene Martins, Megan C. Sullivan, Camila Farias Amorim, Alexandra Putre, Aiysha Scott, Shuai Wang, Brianna Lindsay, Robert N. Baldassano, Thomas J. Nolan, Daniel P. Beiting
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	American Society for Microbiology 2020
Materias:	GEMS Giardia MAL-ED database diarrhea microbiome Microbiology QR1-502
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/c157d7f326034b06be3611e20318d4a9
Etiquetas:	Agregar Etiqueta Sin Etiquetas, Sea el primero en etiquetar este registro!

id	oai:doaj.org-article:c157d7f326034b06be3611e20318d4a9
record_format	dspace
spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:c157d7f326034b06be3611e20318d4a92021-11-15T15:30:51ZNatural Infection with <italic toggle="yes">Giardia</italic> Is Associated with Altered Community Structure of the Human and Canine Gut Microbiome10.1128/mSphere.00670-202379-5042https://doaj.org/article/c157d7f326034b06be3611e20318d4a92020-08-01T00:00:00Zhttps://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/mSphere.00670-20https://doaj.org/toc/2379-5042ABSTRACT Enteric parasitic infections are among the most prevalent infections in lower- and middle-income countries (LMICs) and have a profound impact on global public health. While the microbiome is increasingly recognized as a key determinant of gut health and human development, the impact of naturally acquired parasite infections on microbial community structure in the gut, and the extent to which parasite-induced changes in the microbiome may contribute to gastrointestinal symptoms, is poorly understood. Enteric parasites are routinely identified in companion animals in the United States, presenting a unique opportunity to leverage this animal model to investigate the impact of naturally acquired parasite infections on the microbiome. Clinical, parasitological, and microbiome profiling of a cohort of 258 dogs revealed a significant correlation between parasite infection and composition of the bacterial community in the gut. Relative to other enteric parasites, Giardia was associated with a more pronounced perturbation of the microbiome. To compare our findings to large-scale epidemiological studies of enteric diseases in humans, a database mining approach was employed to integrate clinical and microbiome data. Substantial and consistent alterations to microbiome structure were observed in Giardia-infected children. Importantly, infection was associated with a reduction in the relative abundance of potential pathobionts, including Gammaproteobacteria, and an increase in Prevotella—a profile often associated with gut health. Taken together, these data show that widespread Giardia infection in young animals and humans is associated with significant remodeling of the gut microbiome and provide a possible explanation for the high prevalence of asymptomatic Giardia infections observed across host species. IMPORTANCE While enteric parasitic infections are among the most important infections in lower- and middle-income countries, their impact on gut microbiota is poorly understood. We reasoned that clinical symptoms associated with these infections may be influenced by alterations of the microbiome that occur during infection. To explore this notion, we took a two-pronged approach. First, we studied a cohort of dogs naturally infected with various enteric parasites and found a strong association between parasite infection and altered gut microbiota composition. Giardia, one of the most prevalent parasite infections globally, had a particularly large impact on the microbiome. Second, we took a database-driven strategy to integrate microbiome data with clinical data from large human field studies and found that Giardia infection is also associated with marked alteration of the gut microbiome of children, suggesting a possible explanation for why Giardia has been reported to be associated with protection from moderate to severe diarrhea.Alexander S. F. BerryKaylynn JohnsonRene MartinsMegan C. SullivanCamila Farias AmorimAlexandra PutreAiysha ScottShuai WangBrianna LindsayRobert N. BaldassanoThomas J. NolanDaniel P. BeitingAmerican Society for MicrobiologyarticleGEMSGiardiaMAL-EDdatabasediarrheamicrobiomeMicrobiologyQR1-502ENmSphere, Vol 5, Iss 4 (2020)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	GEMS Giardia MAL-ED database diarrhea microbiome Microbiology QR1-502
spellingShingle	GEMS Giardia MAL-ED database diarrhea microbiome Microbiology QR1-502 Alexander S. F. Berry Kaylynn Johnson Rene Martins Megan C. Sullivan Camila Farias Amorim Alexandra Putre Aiysha Scott Shuai Wang Brianna Lindsay Robert N. Baldassano Thomas J. Nolan Daniel P. Beiting Natural Infection with <italic toggle="yes">Giardia</italic> Is Associated with Altered Community Structure of the Human and Canine Gut Microbiome
description	ABSTRACT Enteric parasitic infections are among the most prevalent infections in lower- and middle-income countries (LMICs) and have a profound impact on global public health. While the microbiome is increasingly recognized as a key determinant of gut health and human development, the impact of naturally acquired parasite infections on microbial community structure in the gut, and the extent to which parasite-induced changes in the microbiome may contribute to gastrointestinal symptoms, is poorly understood. Enteric parasites are routinely identified in companion animals in the United States, presenting a unique opportunity to leverage this animal model to investigate the impact of naturally acquired parasite infections on the microbiome. Clinical, parasitological, and microbiome profiling of a cohort of 258 dogs revealed a significant correlation between parasite infection and composition of the bacterial community in the gut. Relative to other enteric parasites, Giardia was associated with a more pronounced perturbation of the microbiome. To compare our findings to large-scale epidemiological studies of enteric diseases in humans, a database mining approach was employed to integrate clinical and microbiome data. Substantial and consistent alterations to microbiome structure were observed in Giardia-infected children. Importantly, infection was associated with a reduction in the relative abundance of potential pathobionts, including Gammaproteobacteria, and an increase in Prevotella—a profile often associated with gut health. Taken together, these data show that widespread Giardia infection in young animals and humans is associated with significant remodeling of the gut microbiome and provide a possible explanation for the high prevalence of asymptomatic Giardia infections observed across host species. IMPORTANCE While enteric parasitic infections are among the most important infections in lower- and middle-income countries, their impact on gut microbiota is poorly understood. We reasoned that clinical symptoms associated with these infections may be influenced by alterations of the microbiome that occur during infection. To explore this notion, we took a two-pronged approach. First, we studied a cohort of dogs naturally infected with various enteric parasites and found a strong association between parasite infection and altered gut microbiota composition. Giardia, one of the most prevalent parasite infections globally, had a particularly large impact on the microbiome. Second, we took a database-driven strategy to integrate microbiome data with clinical data from large human field studies and found that Giardia infection is also associated with marked alteration of the gut microbiome of children, suggesting a possible explanation for why Giardia has been reported to be associated with protection from moderate to severe diarrhea.
format	article
author	Alexander S. F. Berry Kaylynn Johnson Rene Martins Megan C. Sullivan Camila Farias Amorim Alexandra Putre Aiysha Scott Shuai Wang Brianna Lindsay Robert N. Baldassano Thomas J. Nolan Daniel P. Beiting
author_facet	Alexander S. F. Berry Kaylynn Johnson Rene Martins Megan C. Sullivan Camila Farias Amorim Alexandra Putre Aiysha Scott Shuai Wang Brianna Lindsay Robert N. Baldassano Thomas J. Nolan Daniel P. Beiting
author_sort	Alexander S. F. Berry
title	Natural Infection with <italic toggle="yes">Giardia</italic> Is Associated with Altered Community Structure of the Human and Canine Gut Microbiome
title_short	Natural Infection with <italic toggle="yes">Giardia</italic> Is Associated with Altered Community Structure of the Human and Canine Gut Microbiome
title_full	Natural Infection with <italic toggle="yes">Giardia</italic> Is Associated with Altered Community Structure of the Human and Canine Gut Microbiome
title_fullStr	Natural Infection with <italic toggle="yes">Giardia</italic> Is Associated with Altered Community Structure of the Human and Canine Gut Microbiome
title_full_unstemmed	Natural Infection with <italic toggle="yes">Giardia</italic> Is Associated with Altered Community Structure of the Human and Canine Gut Microbiome
title_sort	natural infection with <italic toggle="yes">giardia</italic> is associated with altered community structure of the human and canine gut microbiome
publisher	American Society for Microbiology
publishDate	2020
url	https://doaj.org/article/c157d7f326034b06be3611e20318d4a9
work_keys_str_mv	AT alexandersfberry naturalinfectionwithitalictoggleyesgiardiaitalicisassociatedwithalteredcommunitystructureofthehumanandcaninegutmicrobiome AT kaylynnjohnson naturalinfectionwithitalictoggleyesgiardiaitalicisassociatedwithalteredcommunitystructureofthehumanandcaninegutmicrobiome AT renemartins naturalinfectionwithitalictoggleyesgiardiaitalicisassociatedwithalteredcommunitystructureofthehumanandcaninegutmicrobiome AT megancsullivan naturalinfectionwithitalictoggleyesgiardiaitalicisassociatedwithalteredcommunitystructureofthehumanandcaninegutmicrobiome AT camilafariasamorim naturalinfectionwithitalictoggleyesgiardiaitalicisassociatedwithalteredcommunitystructureofthehumanandcaninegutmicrobiome AT alexandraputre naturalinfectionwithitalictoggleyesgiardiaitalicisassociatedwithalteredcommunitystructureofthehumanandcaninegutmicrobiome AT aiyshascott naturalinfectionwithitalictoggleyesgiardiaitalicisassociatedwithalteredcommunitystructureofthehumanandcaninegutmicrobiome AT shuaiwang naturalinfectionwithitalictoggleyesgiardiaitalicisassociatedwithalteredcommunitystructureofthehumanandcaninegutmicrobiome AT briannalindsay naturalinfectionwithitalictoggleyesgiardiaitalicisassociatedwithalteredcommunitystructureofthehumanandcaninegutmicrobiome AT robertnbaldassano naturalinfectionwithitalictoggleyesgiardiaitalicisassociatedwithalteredcommunitystructureofthehumanandcaninegutmicrobiome AT thomasjnolan naturalinfectionwithitalictoggleyesgiardiaitalicisassociatedwithalteredcommunitystructureofthehumanandcaninegutmicrobiome AT danielpbeiting naturalinfectionwithitalictoggleyesgiardiaitalicisassociatedwithalteredcommunitystructureofthehumanandcaninegutmicrobiome
_version_	1718427910584401920

Natural Infection with <italic toggle="yes">Giardia</italic> Is Associated with Altered Community Structure of the Human and Canine Gut Microbiome

Ejemplares similares