Spatial Distribution of Permafrost in the Xing’an Mountains of Northeast China from 2001 to 2018

Permafrost is a key element of the cryosphere and sensitive to climate change. High-resolution permafrost map is important to environmental assessment, climate modeling, and engineering application. In this study, to estimate high-resolution Xing’an permafrost map (up to 1 km<sup>2</sup>...

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Autores principales:	Yanyu Zhang, Shuying Zang, Miao Li, Xiangjin Shen, Yue Lin
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	Xing’an permafrost permafrost distribution <i>SFN</i> TTOP Agriculture S
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/c15df49bdacd4753b3bff19171585c26
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:c15df49bdacd4753b3bff19171585c262021-11-25T18:09:05ZSpatial Distribution of Permafrost in the Xing’an Mountains of Northeast China from 2001 to 201810.3390/land101111272073-445Xhttps://doaj.org/article/c15df49bdacd4753b3bff19171585c262021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2073-445X/10/11/1127https://doaj.org/toc/2073-445XPermafrost is a key element of the cryosphere and sensitive to climate change. High-resolution permafrost map is important to environmental assessment, climate modeling, and engineering application. In this study, to estimate high-resolution Xing’an permafrost map (up to 1 km<sup>2</sup>), we employed the surface frost number (<i>SFN</i>) model and ground temperature at the top of permafrost (TTOP) model for the 2001–2018 period, driven by remote sensing data sets (land surface temperature and land cover). Based on the comparison of the modeling results, it was found that there was no significant difference between the two models. The performances of the <i>SFN</i> model and TTOP model were evaluated by using a published permafrost map. Based on statistical analysis, both the <i>SFN</i> model and TTOP model efficiently estimated the permafrost distribution in Northeast China. The extent of Xing’an permafrost distribution simulated by the <i>SFN</i> model and TTOP model were 6.88 × 10<sup>5</sup> km<sup>2</sup> and 6.81 × 10<sup>5</sup> km<sup>2</sup>, respectively. Ground-surface characteristics were introduced into the permafrost models to improve the performance of models. The results provided a basic reference for permafrost distribution research at the regional scale.Yanyu ZhangShuying ZangMiao LiXiangjin ShenYue LinMDPI AGarticleXing’an permafrostpermafrost distribution<i>SFN</i>TTOPAgricultureSENLand, Vol 10, Iss 1127, p 1127 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Xing’an permafrost permafrost distribution <i>SFN</i> TTOP Agriculture S
spellingShingle	Xing’an permafrost permafrost distribution <i>SFN</i> TTOP Agriculture S Yanyu Zhang Shuying Zang Miao Li Xiangjin Shen Yue Lin Spatial Distribution of Permafrost in the Xing’an Mountains of Northeast China from 2001 to 2018
description	Permafrost is a key element of the cryosphere and sensitive to climate change. High-resolution permafrost map is important to environmental assessment, climate modeling, and engineering application. In this study, to estimate high-resolution Xing’an permafrost map (up to 1 km<sup>2</sup>), we employed the surface frost number (<i>SFN</i>) model and ground temperature at the top of permafrost (TTOP) model for the 2001–2018 period, driven by remote sensing data sets (land surface temperature and land cover). Based on the comparison of the modeling results, it was found that there was no significant difference between the two models. The performances of the <i>SFN</i> model and TTOP model were evaluated by using a published permafrost map. Based on statistical analysis, both the <i>SFN</i> model and TTOP model efficiently estimated the permafrost distribution in Northeast China. The extent of Xing’an permafrost distribution simulated by the <i>SFN</i> model and TTOP model were 6.88 × 10<sup>5</sup> km<sup>2</sup> and 6.81 × 10<sup>5</sup> km<sup>2</sup>, respectively. Ground-surface characteristics were introduced into the permafrost models to improve the performance of models. The results provided a basic reference for permafrost distribution research at the regional scale.
format	article
author	Yanyu Zhang Shuying Zang Miao Li Xiangjin Shen Yue Lin
author_facet	Yanyu Zhang Shuying Zang Miao Li Xiangjin Shen Yue Lin
author_sort	Yanyu Zhang
title	Spatial Distribution of Permafrost in the Xing’an Mountains of Northeast China from 2001 to 2018
title_short	Spatial Distribution of Permafrost in the Xing’an Mountains of Northeast China from 2001 to 2018
title_full	Spatial Distribution of Permafrost in the Xing’an Mountains of Northeast China from 2001 to 2018
title_fullStr	Spatial Distribution of Permafrost in the Xing’an Mountains of Northeast China from 2001 to 2018
title_full_unstemmed	Spatial Distribution of Permafrost in the Xing’an Mountains of Northeast China from 2001 to 2018
title_sort	spatial distribution of permafrost in the xing’an mountains of northeast china from 2001 to 2018
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/c15df49bdacd4753b3bff19171585c26
work_keys_str_mv	AT yanyuzhang spatialdistributionofpermafrostinthexinganmountainsofnortheastchinafrom2001to2018 AT shuyingzang spatialdistributionofpermafrostinthexinganmountainsofnortheastchinafrom2001to2018 AT miaoli spatialdistributionofpermafrostinthexinganmountainsofnortheastchinafrom2001to2018 AT xiangjinshen spatialdistributionofpermafrostinthexinganmountainsofnortheastchinafrom2001to2018 AT yuelin spatialdistributionofpermafrostinthexinganmountainsofnortheastchinafrom2001to2018
_version_	1718411583213797376

Spatial Distribution of Permafrost in the Xing’an Mountains of Northeast China from 2001 to 2018

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