How Did the COVID-19 Lockdown Affect Children and Adolescent's Well-Being: Spanish Parents, Children, and Adolescents Respond
Background: During the COVID-19 pandemic, lockdown strategies have been widely used to contain SARS-CoV-2 virus spread. Children and adolescents are especially vulnerable to suffering psychological effects as result of such measures. In Spain, children were enforced to a strict home lockdown for 42...
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2021
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oai:doaj.org-article:c16a342a583946d68df18fd9ac700b382021-11-30T22:19:00ZHow Did the COVID-19 Lockdown Affect Children and Adolescent's Well-Being: Spanish Parents, Children, and Adolescents Respond2296-256510.3389/fpubh.2021.746052https://doaj.org/article/c16a342a583946d68df18fd9ac700b382021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpubh.2021.746052/fullhttps://doaj.org/toc/2296-2565Background: During the COVID-19 pandemic, lockdown strategies have been widely used to contain SARS-CoV-2 virus spread. Children and adolescents are especially vulnerable to suffering psychological effects as result of such measures. In Spain, children were enforced to a strict home lockdown for 42 days during the first wave. Here, we studied the effects of lockdown in children and adolescents through an online questionnaire.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in Spain using an open online survey from July (after the lockdown resulting from the first pandemic wave) to November 2020 (second wave). We included families with children under 16 years-old living in Spain. Parents answered a survey regarding the lockdown effects on their children and were instructed to invite their children from 7 to 16 years-old (mandatory scholar age in Spain) to respond a specific set of questions. Answers were collected through an application programming interface system, and data analysis was performed using R.Results: We included 1,957 families who completed the questionnaires, covering a total of 3,347 children. The specific children's questionnaire was completed by 167 kids (7–11 years-old), and 100 adolescents (12–16 years-old). Children, in general, showed high resilience and capability to adapt to new situations. Sleeping problems were reported in more than half of the children (54%) and adolescents (59%), and these were strongly associated with less time doing sports and spending more than 5 h per day using electronic devices. Parents perceived their children to gain weight (41%), be more irritable and anxious (63%) and sadder (46%). Parents and children differed significantly when evaluating children's sleeping disturbances.Conclusions: Enforced lockdown measures and isolation can have a negative impact on children and adolescent's mental health and well-being. In future waves of the current pandemic, or in the light of potential epidemics of new emerging infections, lockdown measures targeting children, and adolescents should be reconsidered taking into account their infectiousness potential and their age-specific needs, especially to facilitate physical activity and to limit time spent on electronic devices.Sara AjanovicJon Garrido-AguirreJon Garrido-AguirreJon Garrido-AguirreBàrbara BaroNúria BalanzaRosauro VaroRosauro VaroPere Millat-MartínezSara AriasJordi FonollosaJordi FonollosaJordi FonollosaAlexandre Perera-LlunaAlexandre Perera-LlunaAlexandre Perera-LlunaIolanda JordanIolanda JordanIolanda JordanCarmen Muñoz-AlmagroCarmen Muñoz-AlmagroCarmen Muñoz-AlmagroCarmen Muñoz-AlmagroElisenda Bonet-CarneElisenda Bonet-CarneElisenda Bonet-CarneAina Crosas-SolerEsther ViaEsther ViaBegonya NafriaJuan José García-GarcíaJuan José García-GarcíaJuan José García-GarcíaQuique BassatQuique BassatQuique BassatQuique BassatQuique BassatFrontiers Media S.A.articleCOVID-19lockdownchildrenadolescentmental healthwell-beingPublic aspects of medicineRA1-1270ENFrontiers in Public Health, Vol 9 (2021) |
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COVID-19 lockdown children adolescent mental health well-being Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 |
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COVID-19 lockdown children adolescent mental health well-being Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 Sara Ajanovic Jon Garrido-Aguirre Jon Garrido-Aguirre Jon Garrido-Aguirre Bàrbara Baro Núria Balanza Rosauro Varo Rosauro Varo Pere Millat-Martínez Sara Arias Jordi Fonollosa Jordi Fonollosa Jordi Fonollosa Alexandre Perera-Lluna Alexandre Perera-Lluna Alexandre Perera-Lluna Iolanda Jordan Iolanda Jordan Iolanda Jordan Carmen Muñoz-Almagro Carmen Muñoz-Almagro Carmen Muñoz-Almagro Carmen Muñoz-Almagro Elisenda Bonet-Carne Elisenda Bonet-Carne Elisenda Bonet-Carne Aina Crosas-Soler Esther Via Esther Via Begonya Nafria Juan José García-García Juan José García-García Juan José García-García Quique Bassat Quique Bassat Quique Bassat Quique Bassat Quique Bassat How Did the COVID-19 Lockdown Affect Children and Adolescent's Well-Being: Spanish Parents, Children, and Adolescents Respond |
| description |
Background: During the COVID-19 pandemic, lockdown strategies have been widely used to contain SARS-CoV-2 virus spread. Children and adolescents are especially vulnerable to suffering psychological effects as result of such measures. In Spain, children were enforced to a strict home lockdown for 42 days during the first wave. Here, we studied the effects of lockdown in children and adolescents through an online questionnaire.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in Spain using an open online survey from July (after the lockdown resulting from the first pandemic wave) to November 2020 (second wave). We included families with children under 16 years-old living in Spain. Parents answered a survey regarding the lockdown effects on their children and were instructed to invite their children from 7 to 16 years-old (mandatory scholar age in Spain) to respond a specific set of questions. Answers were collected through an application programming interface system, and data analysis was performed using R.Results: We included 1,957 families who completed the questionnaires, covering a total of 3,347 children. The specific children's questionnaire was completed by 167 kids (7–11 years-old), and 100 adolescents (12–16 years-old). Children, in general, showed high resilience and capability to adapt to new situations. Sleeping problems were reported in more than half of the children (54%) and adolescents (59%), and these were strongly associated with less time doing sports and spending more than 5 h per day using electronic devices. Parents perceived their children to gain weight (41%), be more irritable and anxious (63%) and sadder (46%). Parents and children differed significantly when evaluating children's sleeping disturbances.Conclusions: Enforced lockdown measures and isolation can have a negative impact on children and adolescent's mental health and well-being. In future waves of the current pandemic, or in the light of potential epidemics of new emerging infections, lockdown measures targeting children, and adolescents should be reconsidered taking into account their infectiousness potential and their age-specific needs, especially to facilitate physical activity and to limit time spent on electronic devices. |
| format |
article |
| author |
Sara Ajanovic Jon Garrido-Aguirre Jon Garrido-Aguirre Jon Garrido-Aguirre Bàrbara Baro Núria Balanza Rosauro Varo Rosauro Varo Pere Millat-Martínez Sara Arias Jordi Fonollosa Jordi Fonollosa Jordi Fonollosa Alexandre Perera-Lluna Alexandre Perera-Lluna Alexandre Perera-Lluna Iolanda Jordan Iolanda Jordan Iolanda Jordan Carmen Muñoz-Almagro Carmen Muñoz-Almagro Carmen Muñoz-Almagro Carmen Muñoz-Almagro Elisenda Bonet-Carne Elisenda Bonet-Carne Elisenda Bonet-Carne Aina Crosas-Soler Esther Via Esther Via Begonya Nafria Juan José García-García Juan José García-García Juan José García-García Quique Bassat Quique Bassat Quique Bassat Quique Bassat Quique Bassat |
| author_facet |
Sara Ajanovic Jon Garrido-Aguirre Jon Garrido-Aguirre Jon Garrido-Aguirre Bàrbara Baro Núria Balanza Rosauro Varo Rosauro Varo Pere Millat-Martínez Sara Arias Jordi Fonollosa Jordi Fonollosa Jordi Fonollosa Alexandre Perera-Lluna Alexandre Perera-Lluna Alexandre Perera-Lluna Iolanda Jordan Iolanda Jordan Iolanda Jordan Carmen Muñoz-Almagro Carmen Muñoz-Almagro Carmen Muñoz-Almagro Carmen Muñoz-Almagro Elisenda Bonet-Carne Elisenda Bonet-Carne Elisenda Bonet-Carne Aina Crosas-Soler Esther Via Esther Via Begonya Nafria Juan José García-García Juan José García-García Juan José García-García Quique Bassat Quique Bassat Quique Bassat Quique Bassat Quique Bassat |
| author_sort |
Sara Ajanovic |
| title |
How Did the COVID-19 Lockdown Affect Children and Adolescent's Well-Being: Spanish Parents, Children, and Adolescents Respond |
| title_short |
How Did the COVID-19 Lockdown Affect Children and Adolescent's Well-Being: Spanish Parents, Children, and Adolescents Respond |
| title_full |
How Did the COVID-19 Lockdown Affect Children and Adolescent's Well-Being: Spanish Parents, Children, and Adolescents Respond |
| title_fullStr |
How Did the COVID-19 Lockdown Affect Children and Adolescent's Well-Being: Spanish Parents, Children, and Adolescents Respond |
| title_full_unstemmed |
How Did the COVID-19 Lockdown Affect Children and Adolescent's Well-Being: Spanish Parents, Children, and Adolescents Respond |
| title_sort |
how did the covid-19 lockdown affect children and adolescent's well-being: spanish parents, children, and adolescents respond |
| publisher |
Frontiers Media S.A. |
| publishDate |
2021 |
| url |
https://doaj.org/article/c16a342a583946d68df18fd9ac700b38 |
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