High Unawareness of Chronic Kidney Disease in Germany

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with an increased risk for cardiovascular events, hospitalizations, end stage renal disease and mortality. Main risk factors for CKD are diabetes, hypertension, and older age. Although CKD prevalence is about 10%, awareness for CKD is generally low in patie...

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Autores principales:	Susanne Stolpe, Bernd Kowall, Christian Scholz, Andreas Stang, Cornelia Blume
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	chronic kidney disease CKD unawareness gender differences Medicine R
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/c1b239a2a8964f6dabc33286c1904d33
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id	oai:doaj.org-article:c1b239a2a8964f6dabc33286c1904d33
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:c1b239a2a8964f6dabc33286c1904d332021-11-25T17:47:58ZHigh Unawareness of Chronic Kidney Disease in Germany10.3390/ijerph1822117521660-46011661-7827https://doaj.org/article/c1b239a2a8964f6dabc33286c1904d332021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/18/22/11752https://doaj.org/toc/1661-7827https://doaj.org/toc/1660-4601Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with an increased risk for cardiovascular events, hospitalizations, end stage renal disease and mortality. Main risk factors for CKD are diabetes, hypertension, and older age. Although CKD prevalence is about 10%, awareness for CKD is generally low in patients and physicians, hindering early diagnosis and treatment. We analyzed baseline data of 3305 participants with CKD Stages 1–4 from German cohorts and registries collected in 2010. Prevalence of CKD unawareness and prevalence ratios (PR) (each with 95%-confidence intervals) were estimated in categories of age, sex, CKD stages, BMI, hypertension, diabetes and other relevant comorbidities. We used a log-binomial regression model to estimate the PR for CKD unawareness for females compared to males adjusting for CKD stage and CKD risk factors. CKD unawareness was high, reaching 71% (68–73%) in CKD 3a, 49% (45–54%) in CKD 3b and still 30% (24–36%) in CKD4. Prevalence of hypertension, diabetes or cardiovascular comorbidities was not associated with lower CKD unawareness. Independent of CKD stage and other risk factors unawareness was higher in female patients (PR = 1.06 (1.01; 1.10)). Even in patients with CKD related comorbidities, CKD unawareness was high. Female sex was strongly associated with CKD unawareness. Guideline oriented treatment of patients at higher risk for CKD could increase CKD awareness. Patient–physician communication about CKD might be amendable.Susanne StolpeBernd KowallChristian ScholzAndreas StangCornelia BlumeMDPI AGarticlechronic kidney diseaseCKD unawarenessgender differencesMedicineRENInternational Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Vol 18, Iss 11752, p 11752 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	chronic kidney disease CKD unawareness gender differences Medicine R
spellingShingle	chronic kidney disease CKD unawareness gender differences Medicine R Susanne Stolpe Bernd Kowall Christian Scholz Andreas Stang Cornelia Blume High Unawareness of Chronic Kidney Disease in Germany
description	Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with an increased risk for cardiovascular events, hospitalizations, end stage renal disease and mortality. Main risk factors for CKD are diabetes, hypertension, and older age. Although CKD prevalence is about 10%, awareness for CKD is generally low in patients and physicians, hindering early diagnosis and treatment. We analyzed baseline data of 3305 participants with CKD Stages 1–4 from German cohorts and registries collected in 2010. Prevalence of CKD unawareness and prevalence ratios (PR) (each with 95%-confidence intervals) were estimated in categories of age, sex, CKD stages, BMI, hypertension, diabetes and other relevant comorbidities. We used a log-binomial regression model to estimate the PR for CKD unawareness for females compared to males adjusting for CKD stage and CKD risk factors. CKD unawareness was high, reaching 71% (68–73%) in CKD 3a, 49% (45–54%) in CKD 3b and still 30% (24–36%) in CKD4. Prevalence of hypertension, diabetes or cardiovascular comorbidities was not associated with lower CKD unawareness. Independent of CKD stage and other risk factors unawareness was higher in female patients (PR = 1.06 (1.01; 1.10)). Even in patients with CKD related comorbidities, CKD unawareness was high. Female sex was strongly associated with CKD unawareness. Guideline oriented treatment of patients at higher risk for CKD could increase CKD awareness. Patient–physician communication about CKD might be amendable.
format	article
author	Susanne Stolpe Bernd Kowall Christian Scholz Andreas Stang Cornelia Blume
author_facet	Susanne Stolpe Bernd Kowall Christian Scholz Andreas Stang Cornelia Blume
author_sort	Susanne Stolpe
title	High Unawareness of Chronic Kidney Disease in Germany
title_short	High Unawareness of Chronic Kidney Disease in Germany
title_full	High Unawareness of Chronic Kidney Disease in Germany
title_fullStr	High Unawareness of Chronic Kidney Disease in Germany
title_full_unstemmed	High Unawareness of Chronic Kidney Disease in Germany
title_sort	high unawareness of chronic kidney disease in germany
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/c1b239a2a8964f6dabc33286c1904d33
work_keys_str_mv	AT susannestolpe highunawarenessofchronickidneydiseaseingermany AT berndkowall highunawarenessofchronickidneydiseaseingermany AT christianscholz highunawarenessofchronickidneydiseaseingermany AT andreasstang highunawarenessofchronickidneydiseaseingermany AT corneliablume highunawarenessofchronickidneydiseaseingermany
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High Unawareness of Chronic Kidney Disease in Germany

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