The Variability of Summer Atmospheric Water Cycle over the Tibetan Plateau and Its Response to the Indo-Pacific Warm Pool

The Tibetan Plateau (TP), atmosphere, and Indo-Pacific warm pool (IPWP) together constitute a regional land–atmosphere–ocean water vapor transport system. This study uses remote sensing data, reanalysis data, and observational data to explore the spatiotemporal variations of the summer atmospheric w...

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Autores principales:	Deli Meng, Wanjiao Song, Qing Dong, Zi Yin, Wenbo Zhao
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	Tibetan Plateau (TP) atmospheric water cycle water vapor budget (<i>WVB</i>) precipitation recycle ratio (PRR) Indo-Pacific warm pool (IPWP) Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/c1cc2cc03523436bbc7cd2bc06196100
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:c1cc2cc03523436bbc7cd2bc061961002021-11-25T18:55:18ZThe Variability of Summer Atmospheric Water Cycle over the Tibetan Plateau and Its Response to the Indo-Pacific Warm Pool10.3390/rs132246762072-4292https://doaj.org/article/c1cc2cc03523436bbc7cd2bc061961002021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/22/4676https://doaj.org/toc/2072-4292The Tibetan Plateau (TP), atmosphere, and Indo-Pacific warm pool (IPWP) together constitute a regional land–atmosphere–ocean water vapor transport system. This study uses remote sensing data, reanalysis data, and observational data to explore the spatiotemporal variations of the summer atmospheric water cycle over the TP and its possible response to the air-sea interaction in the IPWP during the period 1958–2019. The results reveal that the atmospheric water cycle process over the TP presented an interannual and interdecadal strengthening trend. The climatic precipitation recycle ratio (PRR) over the TP was 18%, and the stronger the evapotranspiration, the higher the PRR. On the interdecadal scale, the change in evapotranspiration has a significant negative correlation with the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) index. The variability of the water vapor transport (WVT) over the TP was controlled by the dynamic and thermal conditions inside the plateau and the external air-sea interaction processes of the IPWP. When the summer monsoon over the TP was strong, there was an anomalous cyclonic WVT, which increased the water vapor budget (<i>WVB</i>) over the TP. The central and eastern tropical Pacific, the maritime continent and the western Indian Ocean together constituted the triple Sea Surface Temperature (SST) anomaly, which enhanced the convective activity over the IPWP and induced a significant easterly wind anomaly in the middle and lower troposphere, and then generated pronounced easterly WVT anomalies from the tropical Pacific to the maritime continent and the Bay of Bengal. Affected by the air-sea changes in the IPWP, the combined effects of the upstream strengthening and the downstream weakening in the water vapor transport process, directly and indirectly, increased the water vapor transport and budget of TP.Deli MengWanjiao SongQing DongZi YinWenbo ZhaoMDPI AGarticleTibetan Plateau (TP)atmospheric water cyclewater vapor budget (<i>WVB</i>)precipitation recycle ratio (PRR)Indo-Pacific warm pool (IPWP)ScienceQENRemote Sensing, Vol 13, Iss 4676, p 4676 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Tibetan Plateau (TP) atmospheric water cycle water vapor budget (<i>WVB</i>) precipitation recycle ratio (PRR) Indo-Pacific warm pool (IPWP) Science Q
spellingShingle	Tibetan Plateau (TP) atmospheric water cycle water vapor budget (<i>WVB</i>) precipitation recycle ratio (PRR) Indo-Pacific warm pool (IPWP) Science Q Deli Meng Wanjiao Song Qing Dong Zi Yin Wenbo Zhao The Variability of Summer Atmospheric Water Cycle over the Tibetan Plateau and Its Response to the Indo-Pacific Warm Pool
description	The Tibetan Plateau (TP), atmosphere, and Indo-Pacific warm pool (IPWP) together constitute a regional land–atmosphere–ocean water vapor transport system. This study uses remote sensing data, reanalysis data, and observational data to explore the spatiotemporal variations of the summer atmospheric water cycle over the TP and its possible response to the air-sea interaction in the IPWP during the period 1958–2019. The results reveal that the atmospheric water cycle process over the TP presented an interannual and interdecadal strengthening trend. The climatic precipitation recycle ratio (PRR) over the TP was 18%, and the stronger the evapotranspiration, the higher the PRR. On the interdecadal scale, the change in evapotranspiration has a significant negative correlation with the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) index. The variability of the water vapor transport (WVT) over the TP was controlled by the dynamic and thermal conditions inside the plateau and the external air-sea interaction processes of the IPWP. When the summer monsoon over the TP was strong, there was an anomalous cyclonic WVT, which increased the water vapor budget (<i>WVB</i>) over the TP. The central and eastern tropical Pacific, the maritime continent and the western Indian Ocean together constituted the triple Sea Surface Temperature (SST) anomaly, which enhanced the convective activity over the IPWP and induced a significant easterly wind anomaly in the middle and lower troposphere, and then generated pronounced easterly WVT anomalies from the tropical Pacific to the maritime continent and the Bay of Bengal. Affected by the air-sea changes in the IPWP, the combined effects of the upstream strengthening and the downstream weakening in the water vapor transport process, directly and indirectly, increased the water vapor transport and budget of TP.
format	article
author	Deli Meng Wanjiao Song Qing Dong Zi Yin Wenbo Zhao
author_facet	Deli Meng Wanjiao Song Qing Dong Zi Yin Wenbo Zhao
author_sort	Deli Meng
title	The Variability of Summer Atmospheric Water Cycle over the Tibetan Plateau and Its Response to the Indo-Pacific Warm Pool
title_short	The Variability of Summer Atmospheric Water Cycle over the Tibetan Plateau and Its Response to the Indo-Pacific Warm Pool
title_full	The Variability of Summer Atmospheric Water Cycle over the Tibetan Plateau and Its Response to the Indo-Pacific Warm Pool
title_fullStr	The Variability of Summer Atmospheric Water Cycle over the Tibetan Plateau and Its Response to the Indo-Pacific Warm Pool
title_full_unstemmed	The Variability of Summer Atmospheric Water Cycle over the Tibetan Plateau and Its Response to the Indo-Pacific Warm Pool
title_sort	variability of summer atmospheric water cycle over the tibetan plateau and its response to the indo-pacific warm pool
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/c1cc2cc03523436bbc7cd2bc06196100
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The Variability of Summer Atmospheric Water Cycle over the Tibetan Plateau and Its Response to the Indo-Pacific Warm Pool

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