Nonencapsulated <named-content content-type="genus-species">Streptococcus pneumoniae</named-content>: Emergence and Pathogenesis

ABSTRACT While significant protection from pneumococcal disease has been achieved by the use of polysaccharide and polysaccharide-protein conjugate vaccines, capsule-independent protection has been limited by serotype replacement along with disease caused by nonencapsulated Streptococcus pneumoniae...

Descripción completa

Guardado en:

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales:	Lance E. Keller, D. Ashley Robinson, Larry S. McDaniel
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	American Society for Microbiology 2016
Materias:	Microbiology QR1-502
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/c1d55837a95e46fb85b15f55309543a9
Etiquetas:	Agregar Etiqueta Sin Etiquetas, Sea el primero en etiquetar este registro!

id	oai:doaj.org-article:c1d55837a95e46fb85b15f55309543a9
record_format	dspace
spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:c1d55837a95e46fb85b15f55309543a92021-11-15T15:41:42ZNonencapsulated <named-content content-type="genus-species">Streptococcus pneumoniae</named-content>: Emergence and Pathogenesis10.1128/mBio.01792-152150-7511https://doaj.org/article/c1d55837a95e46fb85b15f55309543a92016-05-01T00:00:00Zhttps://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/mBio.01792-15https://doaj.org/toc/2150-7511ABSTRACT While significant protection from pneumococcal disease has been achieved by the use of polysaccharide and polysaccharide-protein conjugate vaccines, capsule-independent protection has been limited by serotype replacement along with disease caused by nonencapsulated Streptococcus pneumoniae (NESp). NESp strains compose approximately 3% to 19% of asymptomatic carriage isolates and harbor multiple antibiotic resistance genes. Surface proteins unique to NESp enhance colonization and virulence despite the lack of a capsule even though the capsule has been thought to be required for pneumococcal pathogenesis. Genes for pneumococcal surface proteins replace the capsular polysaccharide (cps) locus in some NESp isolates, and these proteins aid in pneumococcal colonization and otitis media (OM). NESp strains have been isolated from patients with invasive and noninvasive pneumococcal disease, but noninvasive diseases, specifically, conjunctivitis (85%) and OM (8%), are of higher prevalence. Conjunctival strains are commonly of the so-called classical NESp lineages defined by multilocus sequence types (STs) ST344 and ST448, while sporadic NESp lineages such as ST1106 are more commonly isolated from patients with other diseases. Interestingly, sporadic lineages have significantly higher rates of recombination than classical lineages. Higher rates of recombination can lead to increased acquisition of antibiotic resistance and virulence factors, increasing the risk of disease and hindering treatment. NESp strains are a significant proportion of the pneumococcal population, can cause disease, and may be increasing in prevalence in the population due to effects on the pneumococcal niche caused by pneumococcal vaccines. Current vaccines are ineffective against NESp, and further research is necessary to develop vaccines effective against both encapsulated and nonencapsulated pneumococci.Lance E. KellerD. Ashley RobinsonLarry S. McDanielAmerican Society for MicrobiologyarticleMicrobiologyQR1-502ENmBio, Vol 7, Iss 2 (2016)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Microbiology QR1-502
spellingShingle	Microbiology QR1-502 Lance E. Keller D. Ashley Robinson Larry S. McDaniel Nonencapsulated <named-content content-type="genus-species">Streptococcus pneumoniae</named-content>: Emergence and Pathogenesis
description	ABSTRACT While significant protection from pneumococcal disease has been achieved by the use of polysaccharide and polysaccharide-protein conjugate vaccines, capsule-independent protection has been limited by serotype replacement along with disease caused by nonencapsulated Streptococcus pneumoniae (NESp). NESp strains compose approximately 3% to 19% of asymptomatic carriage isolates and harbor multiple antibiotic resistance genes. Surface proteins unique to NESp enhance colonization and virulence despite the lack of a capsule even though the capsule has been thought to be required for pneumococcal pathogenesis. Genes for pneumococcal surface proteins replace the capsular polysaccharide (cps) locus in some NESp isolates, and these proteins aid in pneumococcal colonization and otitis media (OM). NESp strains have been isolated from patients with invasive and noninvasive pneumococcal disease, but noninvasive diseases, specifically, conjunctivitis (85%) and OM (8%), are of higher prevalence. Conjunctival strains are commonly of the so-called classical NESp lineages defined by multilocus sequence types (STs) ST344 and ST448, while sporadic NESp lineages such as ST1106 are more commonly isolated from patients with other diseases. Interestingly, sporadic lineages have significantly higher rates of recombination than classical lineages. Higher rates of recombination can lead to increased acquisition of antibiotic resistance and virulence factors, increasing the risk of disease and hindering treatment. NESp strains are a significant proportion of the pneumococcal population, can cause disease, and may be increasing in prevalence in the population due to effects on the pneumococcal niche caused by pneumococcal vaccines. Current vaccines are ineffective against NESp, and further research is necessary to develop vaccines effective against both encapsulated and nonencapsulated pneumococci.
format	article
author	Lance E. Keller D. Ashley Robinson Larry S. McDaniel
author_facet	Lance E. Keller D. Ashley Robinson Larry S. McDaniel
author_sort	Lance E. Keller
title	Nonencapsulated <named-content content-type="genus-species">Streptococcus pneumoniae</named-content>: Emergence and Pathogenesis
title_short	Nonencapsulated <named-content content-type="genus-species">Streptococcus pneumoniae</named-content>: Emergence and Pathogenesis
title_full	Nonencapsulated <named-content content-type="genus-species">Streptococcus pneumoniae</named-content>: Emergence and Pathogenesis
title_fullStr	Nonencapsulated <named-content content-type="genus-species">Streptococcus pneumoniae</named-content>: Emergence and Pathogenesis
title_full_unstemmed	Nonencapsulated <named-content content-type="genus-species">Streptococcus pneumoniae</named-content>: Emergence and Pathogenesis
title_sort	nonencapsulated <named-content content-type="genus-species">streptococcus pneumoniae</named-content>: emergence and pathogenesis
publisher	American Society for Microbiology
publishDate	2016
url	https://doaj.org/article/c1d55837a95e46fb85b15f55309543a9
work_keys_str_mv	AT lanceekeller nonencapsulatednamedcontentcontenttypegenusspeciesstreptococcuspneumoniaenamedcontentemergenceandpathogenesis AT dashleyrobinson nonencapsulatednamedcontentcontenttypegenusspeciesstreptococcuspneumoniaenamedcontentemergenceandpathogenesis AT larrysmcdaniel nonencapsulatednamedcontentcontenttypegenusspeciesstreptococcuspneumoniaenamedcontentemergenceandpathogenesis
_version_	1718427667982712832

Nonencapsulated <named-content content-type="genus-species">Streptococcus pneumoniae</named-content>: Emergence and Pathogenesis

Ejemplares similares