Characteristics of Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea at High Risk for Cardiovascular Disease

<i>Background and Objectives:</i> To evaluate the influence of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA)-related symptoms on prevalent cardiovascular disease (CVD) in a large clinical population of patients. <i>Materials and Methods:</i> A total of 2127 patients (mean age 55 years, 24% w...

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Autores principales:	Izolde Bouloukaki, Michail Fanaridis, Georgios Stathakis, Christina Ermidou, Eleftherios Kallergis, Violeta Moniaki, Eleni Mauroudi, Sophia E. Schiza
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	obstructive sleep apnea cardiovascular disease symptoms co-morbidities Medicine (General) R5-920
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/c1f8838dc08b4097902807498564b071
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:c1f8838dc08b4097902807498564b0712021-11-25T18:19:04ZCharacteristics of Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea at High Risk for Cardiovascular Disease10.3390/medicina571112651648-91441010-660Xhttps://doaj.org/article/c1f8838dc08b4097902807498564b0712021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/1648-9144/57/11/1265https://doaj.org/toc/1010-660Xhttps://doaj.org/toc/1648-9144<i>Background and Objectives:</i> To evaluate the influence of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA)-related symptoms on prevalent cardiovascular disease (CVD) in a large clinical population of patients. <i>Materials and Methods:</i> A total of 2127 patients (mean age 55 years, 24% women) underwent diagnostic polysomnography and were evaluated using the Epworth sleepiness scale (ESS), the Athens Insomnia Scale (AIS), and the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). We investigated the predictive value of OSA-associated symptoms for prevalent cardiovascular disease, after adjustment for relevant confounding factors including age, obesity, and co-morbidities. <i>Results:</i> Patients with OSA and CVD were older and had a higher Body Mass Index (BMI); the percentage of obese patients was also higher (83% vs. 70%, <i>p</i> < 0001). They also had greater neck, waist, and hip circumferences and a higher waist-to-hip ratio. Excessive daytime sleepiness (ESS ≥ 10) [odds ratio (95% CI) 1.112 (0.708–1.748), <i>p</i> = 0.64], insomnia symptoms (AIS ≥ 6) [odds ratio (95% CI) 0.748 (0.473–1.184), <i>p</i> = 0.21], frequent awakenings [odds ratio (95% CI) 1.599 (1.019–2.508), <i>p</i> = 0.06], and nocturia [odds ratio (95% CI) 1.359 (0.919–2.009), <i>p</i> = 0.124] were not associated with CVD after adjustment for the previous confounders. On the other hand, depressive symptoms (BDI ≥ 10) independently predicted prevalent CVD [odds ratio (95% CI) 1.476 (1.154–1.887), <i>p</i> = 0.002]. Further analysis in subgroups stratified by age, BMI, and gender demonstrated that depressive symptoms predicted prevalent CVD but only in the subgroup of younger (age group < 60 years), obese (BMI group ≥ 30), and male (OR = 1.959, 95% CI = 1.209–3.175, <i>p</i> = 0.006) OSA patients. <i>Conclusions:</i> OSA patients with CVD were more likely to complain of less typical OSA symptoms and depressive symptoms compared to patients without CVD in this large clinical patient cohort, supportingthecomplexity and heterogeneityof OSA.Izolde BouloukakiMichail FanaridisGeorgios StathakisChristina ErmidouEleftherios KallergisVioleta MoniakiEleni MauroudiSophia E. SchizaMDPI AGarticleobstructive sleep apneacardiovascular diseasesymptomsco-morbiditiesMedicine (General)R5-920ENMedicina, Vol 57, Iss 1265, p 1265 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	obstructive sleep apnea cardiovascular disease symptoms co-morbidities Medicine (General) R5-920
spellingShingle	obstructive sleep apnea cardiovascular disease symptoms co-morbidities Medicine (General) R5-920 Izolde Bouloukaki Michail Fanaridis Georgios Stathakis Christina Ermidou Eleftherios Kallergis Violeta Moniaki Eleni Mauroudi Sophia E. Schiza Characteristics of Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea at High Risk for Cardiovascular Disease
description	<i>Background and Objectives:</i> To evaluate the influence of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA)-related symptoms on prevalent cardiovascular disease (CVD) in a large clinical population of patients. <i>Materials and Methods:</i> A total of 2127 patients (mean age 55 years, 24% women) underwent diagnostic polysomnography and were evaluated using the Epworth sleepiness scale (ESS), the Athens Insomnia Scale (AIS), and the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). We investigated the predictive value of OSA-associated symptoms for prevalent cardiovascular disease, after adjustment for relevant confounding factors including age, obesity, and co-morbidities. <i>Results:</i> Patients with OSA and CVD were older and had a higher Body Mass Index (BMI); the percentage of obese patients was also higher (83% vs. 70%, <i>p</i> < 0001). They also had greater neck, waist, and hip circumferences and a higher waist-to-hip ratio. Excessive daytime sleepiness (ESS ≥ 10) [odds ratio (95% CI) 1.112 (0.708–1.748), <i>p</i> = 0.64], insomnia symptoms (AIS ≥ 6) [odds ratio (95% CI) 0.748 (0.473–1.184), <i>p</i> = 0.21], frequent awakenings [odds ratio (95% CI) 1.599 (1.019–2.508), <i>p</i> = 0.06], and nocturia [odds ratio (95% CI) 1.359 (0.919–2.009), <i>p</i> = 0.124] were not associated with CVD after adjustment for the previous confounders. On the other hand, depressive symptoms (BDI ≥ 10) independently predicted prevalent CVD [odds ratio (95% CI) 1.476 (1.154–1.887), <i>p</i> = 0.002]. Further analysis in subgroups stratified by age, BMI, and gender demonstrated that depressive symptoms predicted prevalent CVD but only in the subgroup of younger (age group < 60 years), obese (BMI group ≥ 30), and male (OR = 1.959, 95% CI = 1.209–3.175, <i>p</i> = 0.006) OSA patients. <i>Conclusions:</i> OSA patients with CVD were more likely to complain of less typical OSA symptoms and depressive symptoms compared to patients without CVD in this large clinical patient cohort, supportingthecomplexity and heterogeneityof OSA.
format	article
author	Izolde Bouloukaki Michail Fanaridis Georgios Stathakis Christina Ermidou Eleftherios Kallergis Violeta Moniaki Eleni Mauroudi Sophia E. Schiza
author_facet	Izolde Bouloukaki Michail Fanaridis Georgios Stathakis Christina Ermidou Eleftherios Kallergis Violeta Moniaki Eleni Mauroudi Sophia E. Schiza
author_sort	Izolde Bouloukaki
title	Characteristics of Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea at High Risk for Cardiovascular Disease
title_short	Characteristics of Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea at High Risk for Cardiovascular Disease
title_full	Characteristics of Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea at High Risk for Cardiovascular Disease
title_fullStr	Characteristics of Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea at High Risk for Cardiovascular Disease
title_full_unstemmed	Characteristics of Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea at High Risk for Cardiovascular Disease
title_sort	characteristics of patients with obstructive sleep apnea at high risk for cardiovascular disease
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/c1f8838dc08b4097902807498564b071
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Characteristics of Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea at High Risk for Cardiovascular Disease

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