Novel Chromosome Organization Pattern in <italic toggle="yes">Actinomycetales</italic>—Overlapping Replication Cycles Combined with Diploidy

ABSTRACT Bacteria regulate chromosome replication and segregation tightly with cell division to ensure faithful segregation of DNA to daughter generations. The underlying mechanisms have been addressed in several model species. It became apparent that bacteria have evolved quite different strategies...

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Autores principales:	Kati Böhm, Fabian Meyer, Agata Rhomberg, Jörn Kalinowski, Catriona Donovan, Marc Bramkamp
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	American Society for Microbiology 2017
Materias:	Corynebacterium ParA ParB cell cycle diploidy origin Microbiology QR1-502
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/c20b8e55caab4c56875c2245e35e2846
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:c20b8e55caab4c56875c2245e35e28462021-11-15T15:51:30ZNovel Chromosome Organization Pattern in <italic toggle="yes">Actinomycetales</italic>—Overlapping Replication Cycles Combined with Diploidy10.1128/mBio.00511-172150-7511https://doaj.org/article/c20b8e55caab4c56875c2245e35e28462017-07-01T00:00:00Zhttps://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/mBio.00511-17https://doaj.org/toc/2150-7511ABSTRACT Bacteria regulate chromosome replication and segregation tightly with cell division to ensure faithful segregation of DNA to daughter generations. The underlying mechanisms have been addressed in several model species. It became apparent that bacteria have evolved quite different strategies to regulate DNA segregation and chromosomal organization. We have investigated here how the actinobacterium Corynebacterium glutamicum organizes chromosome segregation and DNA replication. Unexpectedly, we found that C. glutamicum cells are at least diploid under all of the conditions tested and that these organisms have overlapping C periods during replication, with both origins initiating replication simultaneously. On the basis of experimental data, we propose growth rate-dependent cell cycle models for C. glutamicum. IMPORTANCE Bacterial cell cycles are known for few model organisms and can vary significantly between species. Here, we studied the cell cycle of Corynebacterium glutamicum, an emerging cell biological model organism for mycolic acid-containing bacteria, including mycobacteria. Our data suggest that C. glutamicum carries two pole-attached chromosomes that replicate with overlapping C periods, thus initiating a new round of DNA replication before the previous one is terminated. The newly replicated origins segregate to midcell positions, where cell division occurs between the two new origins. Even after long starvation or under extremely slow-growth conditions, C. glutamicum cells are at least diploid, likely as an adaptation to environmental stress that may cause DNA damage. The cell cycle of C. glutamicum combines features of slow-growing organisms, such as polar origin localization, and fast-growing organisms, such as overlapping C periods.Kati BöhmFabian MeyerAgata RhombergJörn KalinowskiCatriona DonovanMarc BramkampAmerican Society for MicrobiologyarticleCorynebacteriumParAParBcell cyclediploidyoriginMicrobiologyQR1-502ENmBio, Vol 8, Iss 3 (2017)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Corynebacterium ParA ParB cell cycle diploidy origin Microbiology QR1-502
spellingShingle	Corynebacterium ParA ParB cell cycle diploidy origin Microbiology QR1-502 Kati Böhm Fabian Meyer Agata Rhomberg Jörn Kalinowski Catriona Donovan Marc Bramkamp Novel Chromosome Organization Pattern in <italic toggle="yes">Actinomycetales</italic>—Overlapping Replication Cycles Combined with Diploidy
description	ABSTRACT Bacteria regulate chromosome replication and segregation tightly with cell division to ensure faithful segregation of DNA to daughter generations. The underlying mechanisms have been addressed in several model species. It became apparent that bacteria have evolved quite different strategies to regulate DNA segregation and chromosomal organization. We have investigated here how the actinobacterium Corynebacterium glutamicum organizes chromosome segregation and DNA replication. Unexpectedly, we found that C. glutamicum cells are at least diploid under all of the conditions tested and that these organisms have overlapping C periods during replication, with both origins initiating replication simultaneously. On the basis of experimental data, we propose growth rate-dependent cell cycle models for C. glutamicum. IMPORTANCE Bacterial cell cycles are known for few model organisms and can vary significantly between species. Here, we studied the cell cycle of Corynebacterium glutamicum, an emerging cell biological model organism for mycolic acid-containing bacteria, including mycobacteria. Our data suggest that C. glutamicum carries two pole-attached chromosomes that replicate with overlapping C periods, thus initiating a new round of DNA replication before the previous one is terminated. The newly replicated origins segregate to midcell positions, where cell division occurs between the two new origins. Even after long starvation or under extremely slow-growth conditions, C. glutamicum cells are at least diploid, likely as an adaptation to environmental stress that may cause DNA damage. The cell cycle of C. glutamicum combines features of slow-growing organisms, such as polar origin localization, and fast-growing organisms, such as overlapping C periods.
format	article
author	Kati Böhm Fabian Meyer Agata Rhomberg Jörn Kalinowski Catriona Donovan Marc Bramkamp
author_facet	Kati Böhm Fabian Meyer Agata Rhomberg Jörn Kalinowski Catriona Donovan Marc Bramkamp
author_sort	Kati Böhm
title	Novel Chromosome Organization Pattern in <italic toggle="yes">Actinomycetales</italic>—Overlapping Replication Cycles Combined with Diploidy
title_short	Novel Chromosome Organization Pattern in <italic toggle="yes">Actinomycetales</italic>—Overlapping Replication Cycles Combined with Diploidy
title_full	Novel Chromosome Organization Pattern in <italic toggle="yes">Actinomycetales</italic>—Overlapping Replication Cycles Combined with Diploidy
title_fullStr	Novel Chromosome Organization Pattern in <italic toggle="yes">Actinomycetales</italic>—Overlapping Replication Cycles Combined with Diploidy
title_full_unstemmed	Novel Chromosome Organization Pattern in <italic toggle="yes">Actinomycetales</italic>—Overlapping Replication Cycles Combined with Diploidy
title_sort	novel chromosome organization pattern in <italic toggle="yes">actinomycetales</italic>—overlapping replication cycles combined with diploidy
publisher	American Society for Microbiology
publishDate	2017
url	https://doaj.org/article/c20b8e55caab4c56875c2245e35e2846
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Novel Chromosome Organization Pattern in <italic toggle="yes">Actinomycetales</italic>—Overlapping Replication Cycles Combined with Diploidy

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