Tiny sea anemone from the Lower Cambrian of China.

<h4>Background</h4>Abundant fossils from the Ediacaran and Cambrian showing cnidarian grade grossly suggest that cnidarian diversification occurred earlier than that of other eumetazoans. However, fossils of possible soft-bodied polyps are scanty and modern corals are dated back only to...

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Autores principales:	Jian Han, Shin Kubota, Hiro-omi Uchida, George D Stanley, Xiaoyong Yao, Degan Shu, Yong Li, Kinya Yasui
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2010
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/c2145110a4ca4488803aec1f671b750b
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:c2145110a4ca4488803aec1f671b750b2021-11-18T07:03:21ZTiny sea anemone from the Lower Cambrian of China.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0013276https://doaj.org/article/c2145110a4ca4488803aec1f671b750b2010-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/20967244/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203<h4>Background</h4>Abundant fossils from the Ediacaran and Cambrian showing cnidarian grade grossly suggest that cnidarian diversification occurred earlier than that of other eumetazoans. However, fossils of possible soft-bodied polyps are scanty and modern corals are dated back only to the Middle Triassic, although molecular phylogenetic results support the idea that anthozoans represent the first major branch of the Cnidaria. Because of difficulties in taxonomic assignments owing to imperfect preservation of fossil cnidarian candidates, little is known about forms ancestral to those of living groups.<h4>Methods and findings</h4>We have analyzed the soft-bodied polypoid microfossils Eolympia pediculata gen. et sp. nov. from the lowest Cambrian Kuanchuanpu Formation in southern China by scanning electron microscopy and computer-aided microtomography after isolating fossils from sedimentary rocks by acetic acid maceration. The fossils, about a half mm in body size, are preserved with 18 mesenteries including directives bilaterally arranged, 18 tentacles and a stalk-like pedicle. The pedicle suggests a sexual life cycle, while asexual reproduction by transverse fission also is inferred by circumferential grooves on the body column.<h4>Conclusions</h4>The features found in the present fossils fall within the morphological spectrum of modern Hexacorallia excluding Ceriantharia, and thus Eolympia pediculata could be a stem member for this group. The fossils also demonstrate that basic features characterizing modern hexacorallians such as bilateral symmetry and the reproductive system have deep roots in the Early Cambrian.Jian HanShin KubotaHiro-omi UchidaGeorge D StanleyXiaoyong YaoDegan ShuYong LiKinya YasuiPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 5, Iss 10, p e13276 (2010)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Jian Han Shin Kubota Hiro-omi Uchida George D Stanley Xiaoyong Yao Degan Shu Yong Li Kinya Yasui Tiny sea anemone from the Lower Cambrian of China.
description	<h4>Background</h4>Abundant fossils from the Ediacaran and Cambrian showing cnidarian grade grossly suggest that cnidarian diversification occurred earlier than that of other eumetazoans. However, fossils of possible soft-bodied polyps are scanty and modern corals are dated back only to the Middle Triassic, although molecular phylogenetic results support the idea that anthozoans represent the first major branch of the Cnidaria. Because of difficulties in taxonomic assignments owing to imperfect preservation of fossil cnidarian candidates, little is known about forms ancestral to those of living groups.<h4>Methods and findings</h4>We have analyzed the soft-bodied polypoid microfossils Eolympia pediculata gen. et sp. nov. from the lowest Cambrian Kuanchuanpu Formation in southern China by scanning electron microscopy and computer-aided microtomography after isolating fossils from sedimentary rocks by acetic acid maceration. The fossils, about a half mm in body size, are preserved with 18 mesenteries including directives bilaterally arranged, 18 tentacles and a stalk-like pedicle. The pedicle suggests a sexual life cycle, while asexual reproduction by transverse fission also is inferred by circumferential grooves on the body column.<h4>Conclusions</h4>The features found in the present fossils fall within the morphological spectrum of modern Hexacorallia excluding Ceriantharia, and thus Eolympia pediculata could be a stem member for this group. The fossils also demonstrate that basic features characterizing modern hexacorallians such as bilateral symmetry and the reproductive system have deep roots in the Early Cambrian.
format	article
author	Jian Han Shin Kubota Hiro-omi Uchida George D Stanley Xiaoyong Yao Degan Shu Yong Li Kinya Yasui
author_facet	Jian Han Shin Kubota Hiro-omi Uchida George D Stanley Xiaoyong Yao Degan Shu Yong Li Kinya Yasui
author_sort	Jian Han
title	Tiny sea anemone from the Lower Cambrian of China.
title_short	Tiny sea anemone from the Lower Cambrian of China.
title_full	Tiny sea anemone from the Lower Cambrian of China.
title_fullStr	Tiny sea anemone from the Lower Cambrian of China.
title_full_unstemmed	Tiny sea anemone from the Lower Cambrian of China.
title_sort	tiny sea anemone from the lower cambrian of china.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2010
url	https://doaj.org/article/c2145110a4ca4488803aec1f671b750b
work_keys_str_mv	AT jianhan tinyseaanemonefromthelowercambrianofchina AT shinkubota tinyseaanemonefromthelowercambrianofchina AT hiroomiuchida tinyseaanemonefromthelowercambrianofchina AT georgedstanley tinyseaanemonefromthelowercambrianofchina AT xiaoyongyao tinyseaanemonefromthelowercambrianofchina AT deganshu tinyseaanemonefromthelowercambrianofchina AT yongli tinyseaanemonefromthelowercambrianofchina AT kinyayasui tinyseaanemonefromthelowercambrianofchina
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Tiny sea anemone from the Lower Cambrian of China.

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