Genetic Mechanism and Environment Implications of Siderites in the Lopingian Coal-Bearing Series, Western Guizhou of China: Constrained by Whole-Rock and In Situ Geochemistry

A large number of siderites have been found in the Lopingian (Late Permian) coal-bearing series in western Guizhou, which occurs in various microscopic morphologies and has potential insights into the sedimentary and diagenetic environments. An integrated set of analyses, such as microscopic observa...

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Autores principales:	Tianyang Yang, Yulin Shen, Yong Qin, Yijie Zhang, Lu Lu, Jun Jin, Yong Zhao, Yulin Zhu, Yunfei Zhang
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:	siderites sedimentary environments diagenetic environments coal-bearing series Lopingian western Guizhou Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/c26d7ce9ddbb4f2ebdc3a9fb1f7bd64e
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:c26d7ce9ddbb4f2ebdc3a9fb1f7bd64e2021-12-01T07:29:02ZGenetic Mechanism and Environment Implications of Siderites in the Lopingian Coal-Bearing Series, Western Guizhou of China: Constrained by Whole-Rock and In Situ Geochemistry2296-646310.3389/feart.2021.779991https://doaj.org/article/c26d7ce9ddbb4f2ebdc3a9fb1f7bd64e2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/feart.2021.779991/fullhttps://doaj.org/toc/2296-6463A large number of siderites have been found in the Lopingian (Late Permian) coal-bearing series in western Guizhou, which occurs in various microscopic morphologies and has potential insights into the sedimentary and diagenetic environments. An integrated set of analyses, such as microscopic observation; X-ray diffraction; whole-rock major and trace element, carbon, and oxygen isotope; and in situ major and trace element, has been carried out to unravel the genetic mechanism of the siderites and their environmental implications. According to the microscopic morphology, the siderites can be generally divided into three types and six subtypes, including gelatinous siderites (I), microcrystal-silty siderite [II; microlite siderites (II1), powder crystal siderites (II2)], and spheroidal siderite [III, petal-like siderite (III1), radiating fibrous siderite (III2) and concentric siderite (III3)]. Whole-rock geochemical results show that the iron source for the formation of the siderites was mainly from extensive weathering of the Emeishan high-titanium basalts in hot climate conditions. The carbon and oxygen isotopic results indicate that the origin of CO2 in type I siderites is derived from the dehydroxylation of organic matter. The CO2 in types II1 and II2 siderites is mainly derived from deposited organic matter and marine carbonate rocks, respectively. The CO2 source of type III siderites is sedimentary organic matter and marine carbonate rocks and is affected by different fluids during diagenesis. The whole-rock and in situ geochemical characteristics further point to that type I siderites were formed in the synsedimentary period most strongly affected by seawater. Redox proxies, such as V/Sc, V/(V+Ni), and δ Ce, constrained their formation in a stable and weakly reduced condition. Type II siderites could have been developed in saltwater. Among them, type II1 siderites were formed in the early diagenetic stage, whereas type II2 siderites originated from recrystallization of type II1 siderites and accompanied by metasomatism with calcites under diagenetic fluids of weak reduction to weak oxidation conditions. Type III siderites were formed under the influence of multistage diagenetic fluids. Among them, type III1 siderites formed by the growth of powder crystal siderites (II2) under diagenetic fluids with a weak reducing condition. Type III2 siderites formed by growth around microlite siderites under weak reducing diagenetic fluids. Type III3 siderites formed by concentric growth in diagenetic fluids with weak reduction to weak oxidation conditions and relatively active conditions.Tianyang YangTianyang YangYulin ShenYulin ShenYong QinYong QinYijie ZhangLu LuLu LuJun JinJun JinJun JinYong ZhaoYulin ZhuYulin ZhuYunfei ZhangYunfei ZhangFrontiers Media S.A.articlesideritessedimentary environmentsdiagenetic environmentscoal-bearing seriesLopingianwestern GuizhouScienceQENFrontiers in Earth Science, Vol 9 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	siderites sedimentary environments diagenetic environments coal-bearing series Lopingian western Guizhou Science Q
spellingShingle	siderites sedimentary environments diagenetic environments coal-bearing series Lopingian western Guizhou Science Q Tianyang Yang Tianyang Yang Yulin Shen Yulin Shen Yong Qin Yong Qin Yijie Zhang Lu Lu Lu Lu Jun Jin Jun Jin Jun Jin Yong Zhao Yulin Zhu Yulin Zhu Yunfei Zhang Yunfei Zhang Genetic Mechanism and Environment Implications of Siderites in the Lopingian Coal-Bearing Series, Western Guizhou of China: Constrained by Whole-Rock and In Situ Geochemistry
description	A large number of siderites have been found in the Lopingian (Late Permian) coal-bearing series in western Guizhou, which occurs in various microscopic morphologies and has potential insights into the sedimentary and diagenetic environments. An integrated set of analyses, such as microscopic observation; X-ray diffraction; whole-rock major and trace element, carbon, and oxygen isotope; and in situ major and trace element, has been carried out to unravel the genetic mechanism of the siderites and their environmental implications. According to the microscopic morphology, the siderites can be generally divided into three types and six subtypes, including gelatinous siderites (I), microcrystal-silty siderite [II; microlite siderites (II1), powder crystal siderites (II2)], and spheroidal siderite [III, petal-like siderite (III1), radiating fibrous siderite (III2) and concentric siderite (III3)]. Whole-rock geochemical results show that the iron source for the formation of the siderites was mainly from extensive weathering of the Emeishan high-titanium basalts in hot climate conditions. The carbon and oxygen isotopic results indicate that the origin of CO2 in type I siderites is derived from the dehydroxylation of organic matter. The CO2 in types II1 and II2 siderites is mainly derived from deposited organic matter and marine carbonate rocks, respectively. The CO2 source of type III siderites is sedimentary organic matter and marine carbonate rocks and is affected by different fluids during diagenesis. The whole-rock and in situ geochemical characteristics further point to that type I siderites were formed in the synsedimentary period most strongly affected by seawater. Redox proxies, such as V/Sc, V/(V+Ni), and δ Ce, constrained their formation in a stable and weakly reduced condition. Type II siderites could have been developed in saltwater. Among them, type II1 siderites were formed in the early diagenetic stage, whereas type II2 siderites originated from recrystallization of type II1 siderites and accompanied by metasomatism with calcites under diagenetic fluids of weak reduction to weak oxidation conditions. Type III siderites were formed under the influence of multistage diagenetic fluids. Among them, type III1 siderites formed by the growth of powder crystal siderites (II2) under diagenetic fluids with a weak reducing condition. Type III2 siderites formed by growth around microlite siderites under weak reducing diagenetic fluids. Type III3 siderites formed by concentric growth in diagenetic fluids with weak reduction to weak oxidation conditions and relatively active conditions.
format	article
author	Tianyang Yang Tianyang Yang Yulin Shen Yulin Shen Yong Qin Yong Qin Yijie Zhang Lu Lu Lu Lu Jun Jin Jun Jin Jun Jin Yong Zhao Yulin Zhu Yulin Zhu Yunfei Zhang Yunfei Zhang
author_facet	Tianyang Yang Tianyang Yang Yulin Shen Yulin Shen Yong Qin Yong Qin Yijie Zhang Lu Lu Lu Lu Jun Jin Jun Jin Jun Jin Yong Zhao Yulin Zhu Yulin Zhu Yunfei Zhang Yunfei Zhang
author_sort	Tianyang Yang
title	Genetic Mechanism and Environment Implications of Siderites in the Lopingian Coal-Bearing Series, Western Guizhou of China: Constrained by Whole-Rock and In Situ Geochemistry
title_short	Genetic Mechanism and Environment Implications of Siderites in the Lopingian Coal-Bearing Series, Western Guizhou of China: Constrained by Whole-Rock and In Situ Geochemistry
title_full	Genetic Mechanism and Environment Implications of Siderites in the Lopingian Coal-Bearing Series, Western Guizhou of China: Constrained by Whole-Rock and In Situ Geochemistry
title_fullStr	Genetic Mechanism and Environment Implications of Siderites in the Lopingian Coal-Bearing Series, Western Guizhou of China: Constrained by Whole-Rock and In Situ Geochemistry
title_full_unstemmed	Genetic Mechanism and Environment Implications of Siderites in the Lopingian Coal-Bearing Series, Western Guizhou of China: Constrained by Whole-Rock and In Situ Geochemistry
title_sort	genetic mechanism and environment implications of siderites in the lopingian coal-bearing series, western guizhou of china: constrained by whole-rock and in situ geochemistry
publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/c26d7ce9ddbb4f2ebdc3a9fb1f7bd64e
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Genetic Mechanism and Environment Implications of Siderites in the Lopingian Coal-Bearing Series, Western Guizhou of China: Constrained by Whole-Rock and In Situ Geochemistry

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