Medicalização do parto: a apropriação dos processos reprodutivos femininos como causa da violência obstétrica

The discussion proposed in this article is the result of a qualitative research based on a bibliographic review, with the objective of uncovering the historical outline of the process of medicalization of childbirth, verifying its influence in the appropriation of female reproductive systems and the...

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Autores principales:	Kenia Martins Pimenta Fernandes, Carlos Mendes Rosa
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	PT
Publicado:	Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos (UNISINOS) 2020
Materias:	medicalization of childbirth appropriation of female reproductive processes obstetric violence human rights of women Social Sciences H Social sciences (General) H1-99
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/c2775ce46b6349088da93a4e821b3182
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:c2775ce46b6349088da93a4e821b31822021-11-11T15:42:03ZMedicalização do parto: a apropriação dos processos reprodutivos femininos como causa da violência obstétrica2177-622910.4013/csu.2020.56.3.01https://doaj.org/article/c2775ce46b6349088da93a4e821b31822020-01-01T00:00:00Zhttp://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=93868584001https://doaj.org/toc/2177-6229The discussion proposed in this article is the result of a qualitative research based on a bibliographic review, with the objective of uncovering the historical outline of the process of medicalization of childbirth, verifying its influence in the appropriation of female reproductive systems and the consequent reduction of women’s autonomy over their own bodies, and of pointing out women’s humans rights violations that have occurred since then that must be recognized as obstetric violence. Childbirth, conducted in western societies exclusively by midwives until mid-16th century, became medicalized and institutionalized in the second half of the 20th century. The medicalization of childbirth, as a result of social medicalization that attributes medical and pathological characteristics to natural aspects of life, was marked by the removal of midwives from the management of labor, which then became a predominantly male knowledge, given the prohibition of formal education for women. Misoginy and the determinant moral and religious aspects in society led to the objectification of the female body as an artifice of medical learning and a means of practicing population control. The medicalization process gave rise to a form of violence resulting from the appropriation of female reproductive processes by health teams called obstetric violence, characterized by the use of harmful obstetric practices that lack scientific evidence of its effectiveness, which are permeated gender and social class prejudices and institutional racism. These aspects are among the main obstacles to dealing with obstetric violence, which needs to be looked at in an intersectional manner, with a focus on women’s autonomy regarding their bodies, taking into account the different forms of oppression to which they are subjected.Kenia Martins Pimenta FernandesCarlos Mendes RosaUniversidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos (UNISINOS)articlemedicalization of childbirthappropriation of female reproductive processesobstetric violencehuman rights of womenSocial SciencesHSocial sciences (General)H1-99PTCiências Sociais Unisinos, Vol 56, Iss 3, Pp 254-265 (2020)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	PT
topic	medicalization of childbirth appropriation of female reproductive processes obstetric violence human rights of women Social Sciences H Social sciences (General) H1-99
spellingShingle	medicalization of childbirth appropriation of female reproductive processes obstetric violence human rights of women Social Sciences H Social sciences (General) H1-99 Kenia Martins Pimenta Fernandes Carlos Mendes Rosa Medicalização do parto: a apropriação dos processos reprodutivos femininos como causa da violência obstétrica
description	The discussion proposed in this article is the result of a qualitative research based on a bibliographic review, with the objective of uncovering the historical outline of the process of medicalization of childbirth, verifying its influence in the appropriation of female reproductive systems and the consequent reduction of women’s autonomy over their own bodies, and of pointing out women’s humans rights violations that have occurred since then that must be recognized as obstetric violence. Childbirth, conducted in western societies exclusively by midwives until mid-16th century, became medicalized and institutionalized in the second half of the 20th century. The medicalization of childbirth, as a result of social medicalization that attributes medical and pathological characteristics to natural aspects of life, was marked by the removal of midwives from the management of labor, which then became a predominantly male knowledge, given the prohibition of formal education for women. Misoginy and the determinant moral and religious aspects in society led to the objectification of the female body as an artifice of medical learning and a means of practicing population control. The medicalization process gave rise to a form of violence resulting from the appropriation of female reproductive processes by health teams called obstetric violence, characterized by the use of harmful obstetric practices that lack scientific evidence of its effectiveness, which are permeated gender and social class prejudices and institutional racism. These aspects are among the main obstacles to dealing with obstetric violence, which needs to be looked at in an intersectional manner, with a focus on women’s autonomy regarding their bodies, taking into account the different forms of oppression to which they are subjected.
format	article
author	Kenia Martins Pimenta Fernandes Carlos Mendes Rosa
author_facet	Kenia Martins Pimenta Fernandes Carlos Mendes Rosa
author_sort	Kenia Martins Pimenta Fernandes
title	Medicalização do parto: a apropriação dos processos reprodutivos femininos como causa da violência obstétrica
title_short	Medicalização do parto: a apropriação dos processos reprodutivos femininos como causa da violência obstétrica
title_full	Medicalização do parto: a apropriação dos processos reprodutivos femininos como causa da violência obstétrica
title_fullStr	Medicalização do parto: a apropriação dos processos reprodutivos femininos como causa da violência obstétrica
title_full_unstemmed	Medicalização do parto: a apropriação dos processos reprodutivos femininos como causa da violência obstétrica
title_sort	medicalização do parto: a apropriação dos processos reprodutivos femininos como causa da violência obstétrica
publisher	Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos (UNISINOS)
publishDate	2020
url	https://doaj.org/article/c2775ce46b6349088da93a4e821b3182
work_keys_str_mv	AT keniamartinspimentafernandes medicalizacaodopartoaapropriacaodosprocessosreprodutivosfemininoscomocausadaviolenciaobstetrica AT carlosmendesrosa medicalizacaodopartoaapropriacaodosprocessosreprodutivosfemininoscomocausadaviolenciaobstetrica
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Medicalização do parto: a apropriação dos processos reprodutivos femininos como causa da violência obstétrica

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