Behavioral alterations induced by Toxoplama gondii during different stages of infection in mice

Acute, chronic and reactivation of Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) infections are approximately found in 30-60% of population world-wide. T. gondii is a pathogen relevant to psychiatric disorders. We have recently found that reactivation of chronic T. gondii induced depressive-like behaviors in mice....

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Autores principales:	Motamed Elsayed Mahmoud, Yoshifumi Nishikawa
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Egyptian Society for Animal Management 2016
Materias:	depressive sickness-like behaviors mice toxoplasma gondii Zoology QL1-991 Veterinary medicine SF600-1100 Animal biochemistry QP501-801
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/c281f04b565447178655b41ce2030150
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:c281f04b565447178655b41ce20301502021-12-02T18:08:02ZBehavioral alterations induced by Toxoplama gondii during different stages of infection in mice10.21608/javs.2016.618151687-40722090-3308https://doaj.org/article/c281f04b565447178655b41ce20301502016-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://javs.journals.ekb.eg/article_61815.htmlhttps://doaj.org/toc/1687-4072https://doaj.org/toc/2090-3308Acute, chronic and reactivation of Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) infections are approximately found in 30-60% of population world-wide. T. gondii is a pathogen relevant to psychiatric disorders. We have recently found that reactivation of chronic T. gondii induced depressive-like behaviors in mice. In the present study, we aimed to illustrate the behavioral alterations in mice during acute, chronic and after reactivation of chronic T. gondii. Behavioral battery included sucrose preference and forced swim, and fear conditioning tests, and measurement of locomotor activity following T. gondii infection in mice. First, we prepared an ethogram and confirmed that specific pathogen free-BALB/c mice exhibited sickness-like behaviors during acute infection. In addition, reduced sucrose preference and increased immobility in forced swim test (putative indicators to anhedonic and despair-like behaviors, respectively) were exhibited in acute phase. While in chronic stage such symptoms were not exhibited at all. In turn, relapse of depressive- and some of sickness-like symptoms noticed after reactivation of chronic T. gondii infection. Interestingly, increased freezing time in fear conditioning was displayed during acute and reactivated T. gondii but not during chronic infection. Further, despite the well-known contribution of neurotransmitters; serotonin and dopamine in major depressive disorder, low levels of these neurotransmitters were observed in the brain not only in acute but also during chronic infection. Without interpolation of these symptoms to human psychiatric disorders, collectively, our results demonstrated the crucial changes induced by acute and reactivated T. gondii in modifying the behavior of mice.Motamed Elsayed Mahmoud Yoshifumi NishikawaEgyptian Society for Animal Managementarticledepressivesickness-like behaviorsmicetoxoplasma gondiiZoologyQL1-991Veterinary medicineSF600-1100Animal biochemistryQP501-801ENJournal of Applied Veterinary Sciences, Vol 1, Iss 1, Pp 1-6 (2016)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	depressive sickness-like behaviors mice toxoplasma gondii Zoology QL1-991 Veterinary medicine SF600-1100 Animal biochemistry QP501-801
spellingShingle	depressive sickness-like behaviors mice toxoplasma gondii Zoology QL1-991 Veterinary medicine SF600-1100 Animal biochemistry QP501-801 Motamed Elsayed Mahmoud Yoshifumi Nishikawa Behavioral alterations induced by Toxoplama gondii during different stages of infection in mice
description	Acute, chronic and reactivation of Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) infections are approximately found in 30-60% of population world-wide. T. gondii is a pathogen relevant to psychiatric disorders. We have recently found that reactivation of chronic T. gondii induced depressive-like behaviors in mice. In the present study, we aimed to illustrate the behavioral alterations in mice during acute, chronic and after reactivation of chronic T. gondii. Behavioral battery included sucrose preference and forced swim, and fear conditioning tests, and measurement of locomotor activity following T. gondii infection in mice. First, we prepared an ethogram and confirmed that specific pathogen free-BALB/c mice exhibited sickness-like behaviors during acute infection. In addition, reduced sucrose preference and increased immobility in forced swim test (putative indicators to anhedonic and despair-like behaviors, respectively) were exhibited in acute phase. While in chronic stage such symptoms were not exhibited at all. In turn, relapse of depressive- and some of sickness-like symptoms noticed after reactivation of chronic T. gondii infection. Interestingly, increased freezing time in fear conditioning was displayed during acute and reactivated T. gondii but not during chronic infection. Further, despite the well-known contribution of neurotransmitters; serotonin and dopamine in major depressive disorder, low levels of these neurotransmitters were observed in the brain not only in acute but also during chronic infection. Without interpolation of these symptoms to human psychiatric disorders, collectively, our results demonstrated the crucial changes induced by acute and reactivated T. gondii in modifying the behavior of mice.
format	article
author	Motamed Elsayed Mahmoud Yoshifumi Nishikawa
author_facet	Motamed Elsayed Mahmoud Yoshifumi Nishikawa
author_sort	Motamed Elsayed Mahmoud
title	Behavioral alterations induced by Toxoplama gondii during different stages of infection in mice
title_short	Behavioral alterations induced by Toxoplama gondii during different stages of infection in mice
title_full	Behavioral alterations induced by Toxoplama gondii during different stages of infection in mice
title_fullStr	Behavioral alterations induced by Toxoplama gondii during different stages of infection in mice
title_full_unstemmed	Behavioral alterations induced by Toxoplama gondii during different stages of infection in mice
title_sort	behavioral alterations induced by toxoplama gondii during different stages of infection in mice
publisher	Egyptian Society for Animal Management
publishDate	2016
url	https://doaj.org/article/c281f04b565447178655b41ce2030150
work_keys_str_mv	AT motamedelsayedmahmoud behavioralalterationsinducedbytoxoplamagondiiduringdifferentstagesofinfectioninmice AT yoshifuminishikawa behavioralalterationsinducedbytoxoplamagondiiduringdifferentstagesofinfectioninmice
_version_	1718378654953635840

Behavioral alterations induced by Toxoplama gondii during different stages of infection in mice

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