Gymnasts' Ability to Modulate Sensorimotor Rhythms During Kinesthetic Motor Imagery of Sports Non-specific Movements Superior to Non-gymnasts

Previous psychological studies using questionnaires have consistently reported that athletes have superior motor imagery ability, both for sports-specific and for sports-non-specific movements. However, regarding motor imagery of sports-non-specific movements, no physiological studies have demonstra...

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Autores principales:	Hirotaka Sugino, Junichi Ushiyama
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:	athletes kinesthetic motor imagery (KMI) electroencephalogram (EEG) event-related desynchronization (ERD) the Kinesthetic and Visual Imagery Questionnaire (KVIQ) Sports GV557-1198.995
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/c2ab8a671a9f41d58ed049e6c4ea713a
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:c2ab8a671a9f41d58ed049e6c4ea713a2021-11-04T06:56:52ZGymnasts' Ability to Modulate Sensorimotor Rhythms During Kinesthetic Motor Imagery of Sports Non-specific Movements Superior to Non-gymnasts2624-936710.3389/fspor.2021.757308https://doaj.org/article/c2ab8a671a9f41d58ed049e6c4ea713a2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fspor.2021.757308/fullhttps://doaj.org/toc/2624-9367Previous psychological studies using questionnaires have consistently reported that athletes have superior motor imagery ability, both for sports-specific and for sports-non-specific movements. However, regarding motor imagery of sports-non-specific movements, no physiological studies have demonstrated differences in neural activity between athletes and non-athletes. The purpose of this study was to examine the differences in sensorimotor rhythms during kinesthetic motor imagery (KMI) of sports-non-specific movements between gymnasts and non-gymnasts. We selected gymnasts as an example population because they are likely to have particularly superior motor imagery ability due to frequent usage of motor imagery, including KMI as part of daily practice. Healthy young participants (16 gymnasts and 16 non-gymnasts) performed repeated motor execution and KMI of sports-non-specific movements (wrist dorsiflexion and shoulder abduction of the dominant hand). Scalp electroencephalogram (EEG) was recorded over the contralateral sensorimotor cortex. During motor execution and KMI, sensorimotor EEG power is known to decrease in the α- (8–15 Hz) and β-bands (16–35 Hz), referred to as event-related desynchronization (ERD). We calculated the maximal peak of ERD both in the α- (αERDmax) and β-bands (βERDmax) as a measure of changes in corticospinal excitability. αERDmax was significantly greater in gymnasts, who subjectively evaluated their KMI as being more vivid in the psychological questionnaire. On the other hand, βERDmax was greater in gymnasts only for shoulder abduction KMI. These findings suggest gymnasts' signature of flexibly modulating sensorimotor rhythms with no movements, which may be the basis of their superior ability of KMI for sports-non-specific movements.Hirotaka SuginoJunichi UshiyamaJunichi UshiyamaFrontiers Media S.A.articleathleteskinesthetic motor imagery (KMI)electroencephalogram (EEG)event-related desynchronization (ERD)the Kinesthetic and Visual Imagery Questionnaire (KVIQ)SportsGV557-1198.995ENFrontiers in Sports and Active Living, Vol 3 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	athletes kinesthetic motor imagery (KMI) electroencephalogram (EEG) event-related desynchronization (ERD) the Kinesthetic and Visual Imagery Questionnaire (KVIQ) Sports GV557-1198.995
spellingShingle	athletes kinesthetic motor imagery (KMI) electroencephalogram (EEG) event-related desynchronization (ERD) the Kinesthetic and Visual Imagery Questionnaire (KVIQ) Sports GV557-1198.995 Hirotaka Sugino Junichi Ushiyama Junichi Ushiyama Gymnasts' Ability to Modulate Sensorimotor Rhythms During Kinesthetic Motor Imagery of Sports Non-specific Movements Superior to Non-gymnasts
description	Previous psychological studies using questionnaires have consistently reported that athletes have superior motor imagery ability, both for sports-specific and for sports-non-specific movements. However, regarding motor imagery of sports-non-specific movements, no physiological studies have demonstrated differences in neural activity between athletes and non-athletes. The purpose of this study was to examine the differences in sensorimotor rhythms during kinesthetic motor imagery (KMI) of sports-non-specific movements between gymnasts and non-gymnasts. We selected gymnasts as an example population because they are likely to have particularly superior motor imagery ability due to frequent usage of motor imagery, including KMI as part of daily practice. Healthy young participants (16 gymnasts and 16 non-gymnasts) performed repeated motor execution and KMI of sports-non-specific movements (wrist dorsiflexion and shoulder abduction of the dominant hand). Scalp electroencephalogram (EEG) was recorded over the contralateral sensorimotor cortex. During motor execution and KMI, sensorimotor EEG power is known to decrease in the α- (8–15 Hz) and β-bands (16–35 Hz), referred to as event-related desynchronization (ERD). We calculated the maximal peak of ERD both in the α- (αERDmax) and β-bands (βERDmax) as a measure of changes in corticospinal excitability. αERDmax was significantly greater in gymnasts, who subjectively evaluated their KMI as being more vivid in the psychological questionnaire. On the other hand, βERDmax was greater in gymnasts only for shoulder abduction KMI. These findings suggest gymnasts' signature of flexibly modulating sensorimotor rhythms with no movements, which may be the basis of their superior ability of KMI for sports-non-specific movements.
format	article
author	Hirotaka Sugino Junichi Ushiyama Junichi Ushiyama
author_facet	Hirotaka Sugino Junichi Ushiyama Junichi Ushiyama
author_sort	Hirotaka Sugino
title	Gymnasts' Ability to Modulate Sensorimotor Rhythms During Kinesthetic Motor Imagery of Sports Non-specific Movements Superior to Non-gymnasts
title_short	Gymnasts' Ability to Modulate Sensorimotor Rhythms During Kinesthetic Motor Imagery of Sports Non-specific Movements Superior to Non-gymnasts
title_full	Gymnasts' Ability to Modulate Sensorimotor Rhythms During Kinesthetic Motor Imagery of Sports Non-specific Movements Superior to Non-gymnasts
title_fullStr	Gymnasts' Ability to Modulate Sensorimotor Rhythms During Kinesthetic Motor Imagery of Sports Non-specific Movements Superior to Non-gymnasts
title_full_unstemmed	Gymnasts' Ability to Modulate Sensorimotor Rhythms During Kinesthetic Motor Imagery of Sports Non-specific Movements Superior to Non-gymnasts
title_sort	gymnasts' ability to modulate sensorimotor rhythms during kinesthetic motor imagery of sports non-specific movements superior to non-gymnasts
publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/c2ab8a671a9f41d58ed049e6c4ea713a
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Gymnasts' Ability to Modulate Sensorimotor Rhythms During Kinesthetic Motor Imagery of Sports Non-specific Movements Superior to Non-gymnasts

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