Nanostructure of bioactive glass affects bone cell attachment via protein restructuring upon adsorption

Abstract The nanostructure of engineered bioscaffolds has a profound impact on cell response, yet its understanding remains incomplete as cells interact with a highly complex interfacial layer rather than the material itself. For bioactive glass scaffolds, this layer comprises of silica gel, hydroxy...

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Autores principales:	Ukrit Thamma, Tia J. Kowal, Matthias M. Falk, Himanshu Jain
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/c31b34c216a5417d9e2cba46b2fc8d47
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:c31b34c216a5417d9e2cba46b2fc8d472021-12-02T13:35:04ZNanostructure of bioactive glass affects bone cell attachment via protein restructuring upon adsorption10.1038/s41598-021-85050-72045-2322https://doaj.org/article/c31b34c216a5417d9e2cba46b2fc8d472021-03-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-85050-7https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract The nanostructure of engineered bioscaffolds has a profound impact on cell response, yet its understanding remains incomplete as cells interact with a highly complex interfacial layer rather than the material itself. For bioactive glass scaffolds, this layer comprises of silica gel, hydroxyapatite (HA)/carbonated hydroxyapatite (CHA), and absorbed proteins—all in varying micro/nano structure, composition, and concentration. Here, we examined the response of MC3T3-E1 pre-osteoblast cells to 30 mol% CaO–70 mol% SiO2 porous bioactive glass monoliths that differed only in nanopore size (6–44 nm) yet resulted in the formation of HA/CHA layers with significantly different microstructures. We report that cell response, as quantified by cell attachment and morphology, does not correlate with nanopore size, nor HA/CHO layer micro/nano morphology, or absorbed protein amount (bovine serum albumin, BSA), but with BSA’s secondary conformation as indicated by its β-sheet/α-helix ratio. Our results suggest that the β-sheet structure in BSA interacts electrostatically with the HA/CHA interfacial layer and activates the RGD sequence of absorbed adhesion proteins, such as fibronectin and vitronectin, thus significantly enhancing the attachment of cells. These findings provide new insight into the interaction of cells with the scaffolds’ interfacial layer, which is vital for the continued development of engineered tissue scaffolds.Ukrit ThammaTia J. KowalMatthias M. FalkHimanshu JainNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-14 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Ukrit Thamma Tia J. Kowal Matthias M. Falk Himanshu Jain Nanostructure of bioactive glass affects bone cell attachment via protein restructuring upon adsorption
description	Abstract The nanostructure of engineered bioscaffolds has a profound impact on cell response, yet its understanding remains incomplete as cells interact with a highly complex interfacial layer rather than the material itself. For bioactive glass scaffolds, this layer comprises of silica gel, hydroxyapatite (HA)/carbonated hydroxyapatite (CHA), and absorbed proteins—all in varying micro/nano structure, composition, and concentration. Here, we examined the response of MC3T3-E1 pre-osteoblast cells to 30 mol% CaO–70 mol% SiO2 porous bioactive glass monoliths that differed only in nanopore size (6–44 nm) yet resulted in the formation of HA/CHA layers with significantly different microstructures. We report that cell response, as quantified by cell attachment and morphology, does not correlate with nanopore size, nor HA/CHO layer micro/nano morphology, or absorbed protein amount (bovine serum albumin, BSA), but with BSA’s secondary conformation as indicated by its β-sheet/α-helix ratio. Our results suggest that the β-sheet structure in BSA interacts electrostatically with the HA/CHA interfacial layer and activates the RGD sequence of absorbed adhesion proteins, such as fibronectin and vitronectin, thus significantly enhancing the attachment of cells. These findings provide new insight into the interaction of cells with the scaffolds’ interfacial layer, which is vital for the continued development of engineered tissue scaffolds.
format	article
author	Ukrit Thamma Tia J. Kowal Matthias M. Falk Himanshu Jain
author_facet	Ukrit Thamma Tia J. Kowal Matthias M. Falk Himanshu Jain
author_sort	Ukrit Thamma
title	Nanostructure of bioactive glass affects bone cell attachment via protein restructuring upon adsorption
title_short	Nanostructure of bioactive glass affects bone cell attachment via protein restructuring upon adsorption
title_full	Nanostructure of bioactive glass affects bone cell attachment via protein restructuring upon adsorption
title_fullStr	Nanostructure of bioactive glass affects bone cell attachment via protein restructuring upon adsorption
title_full_unstemmed	Nanostructure of bioactive glass affects bone cell attachment via protein restructuring upon adsorption
title_sort	nanostructure of bioactive glass affects bone cell attachment via protein restructuring upon adsorption
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/c31b34c216a5417d9e2cba46b2fc8d47
work_keys_str_mv	AT ukritthamma nanostructureofbioactiveglassaffectsbonecellattachmentviaproteinrestructuringuponadsorption AT tiajkowal nanostructureofbioactiveglassaffectsbonecellattachmentviaproteinrestructuringuponadsorption AT matthiasmfalk nanostructureofbioactiveglassaffectsbonecellattachmentviaproteinrestructuringuponadsorption AT himanshujain nanostructureofbioactiveglassaffectsbonecellattachmentviaproteinrestructuringuponadsorption
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Nanostructure of bioactive glass affects bone cell attachment via protein restructuring upon adsorption

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