Microplastics in fish and fishmeal: an emerging environmental challenge?

Abstract Microplastics are contaminants of emerging concern; they are ingested by marine biota. About a quarter of global marine fish landings is used to produce fishmeal for animal and aquaculture feed. To provide a knowledge foundation for this matrix we reviewed the existing literature for studie...

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Autores principales:	Christina J. Thiele, Malcolm D. Hudson, Andrea E. Russell, Marilin Saluveer, Giovanna Sidaoui-Haddad
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/c3375b64fe7e485ea1501ef2bc0e83f3
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:c3375b64fe7e485ea1501ef2bc0e83f32021-12-02T10:49:10ZMicroplastics in fish and fishmeal: an emerging environmental challenge?10.1038/s41598-021-81499-82045-2322https://doaj.org/article/c3375b64fe7e485ea1501ef2bc0e83f32021-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-81499-8https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Microplastics are contaminants of emerging concern; they are ingested by marine biota. About a quarter of global marine fish landings is used to produce fishmeal for animal and aquaculture feed. To provide a knowledge foundation for this matrix we reviewed the existing literature for studies of microplastics in fishmeal-relevant species. 55% of studies were deemed unsuitable due to focus on large microplastics (> 1 mm), lack of, or limited contamination control and polymer testing techniques. Overall, fishmeal-relevant species exhibit 0.72 microplastics/individual, with studies generally only assessing digestive organs. We validated a density separation method for effectiveness of microplastic extraction from this medium and assessed two commercial products for microplastics. Recovery rates of a range of dosed microplastics from whitefish fishmeal samples were 71.3 ± 1.2%. Commercial samples contained 123.9 ± 16.5 microplastics per kg of fishmeal—mainly polyethylene—including 52.0 ± 14.0 microfibres—mainly rayon. Concentrations in processed fishmeal seem higher than in captured fish, suggesting potential augmentation during the production process. Based on conservative estimates, over 300 million microplastic particles (mostly < 1 mm) could be released annually to the oceans through marine aquaculture alone. Fishmeal is both a source of microplastics to the environment, and directly exposes organisms for human consumption to these particles.Christina J. ThieleMalcolm D. HudsonAndrea E. RussellMarilin SaluveerGiovanna Sidaoui-HaddadNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-12 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Christina J. Thiele Malcolm D. Hudson Andrea E. Russell Marilin Saluveer Giovanna Sidaoui-Haddad Microplastics in fish and fishmeal: an emerging environmental challenge?
description	Abstract Microplastics are contaminants of emerging concern; they are ingested by marine biota. About a quarter of global marine fish landings is used to produce fishmeal for animal and aquaculture feed. To provide a knowledge foundation for this matrix we reviewed the existing literature for studies of microplastics in fishmeal-relevant species. 55% of studies were deemed unsuitable due to focus on large microplastics (> 1 mm), lack of, or limited contamination control and polymer testing techniques. Overall, fishmeal-relevant species exhibit 0.72 microplastics/individual, with studies generally only assessing digestive organs. We validated a density separation method for effectiveness of microplastic extraction from this medium and assessed two commercial products for microplastics. Recovery rates of a range of dosed microplastics from whitefish fishmeal samples were 71.3 ± 1.2%. Commercial samples contained 123.9 ± 16.5 microplastics per kg of fishmeal—mainly polyethylene—including 52.0 ± 14.0 microfibres—mainly rayon. Concentrations in processed fishmeal seem higher than in captured fish, suggesting potential augmentation during the production process. Based on conservative estimates, over 300 million microplastic particles (mostly < 1 mm) could be released annually to the oceans through marine aquaculture alone. Fishmeal is both a source of microplastics to the environment, and directly exposes organisms for human consumption to these particles.
format	article
author	Christina J. Thiele Malcolm D. Hudson Andrea E. Russell Marilin Saluveer Giovanna Sidaoui-Haddad
author_facet	Christina J. Thiele Malcolm D. Hudson Andrea E. Russell Marilin Saluveer Giovanna Sidaoui-Haddad
author_sort	Christina J. Thiele
title	Microplastics in fish and fishmeal: an emerging environmental challenge?
title_short	Microplastics in fish and fishmeal: an emerging environmental challenge?
title_full	Microplastics in fish and fishmeal: an emerging environmental challenge?
title_fullStr	Microplastics in fish and fishmeal: an emerging environmental challenge?
title_full_unstemmed	Microplastics in fish and fishmeal: an emerging environmental challenge?
title_sort	microplastics in fish and fishmeal: an emerging environmental challenge?
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/c3375b64fe7e485ea1501ef2bc0e83f3
work_keys_str_mv	AT christinajthiele microplasticsinfishandfishmealanemergingenvironmentalchallenge AT malcolmdhudson microplasticsinfishandfishmealanemergingenvironmentalchallenge AT andreaerussell microplasticsinfishandfishmealanemergingenvironmentalchallenge AT marilinsaluveer microplasticsinfishandfishmealanemergingenvironmentalchallenge AT giovannasidaouihaddad microplasticsinfishandfishmealanemergingenvironmentalchallenge
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Microplastics in fish and fishmeal: an emerging environmental challenge?

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