Drug resistance and its risk factors among extrapulmonary tuberculosis in Ethiopia: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

<h4>Background</h4>Drug-resistant tuberculosis and extrapulmonary tuberculosis are the world major public health issues. Although some primary studies have been reported on the burden of drug-resistant tuberculosis in extrapulmonary tuberculosis patients in Ethiopia, there is no systemat...

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Autores principales: Getu Diriba, Habteyes Hailu Tola, Ayinalem Alemu, Bazezew Yenew, Dinka Fikadu Gamtesa, Abebaw Kebede
Formato: article
Lenguaje:EN
Publicado: Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2021
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Acceso en línea:https://doaj.org/article/c380d1b5973744cbba2d84924f106ecd
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Sumario:<h4>Background</h4>Drug-resistant tuberculosis and extrapulmonary tuberculosis are the world major public health issues. Although some primary studies have been reported on the burden of drug-resistant tuberculosis in extrapulmonary tuberculosis patients in Ethiopia, there is no systematic review and meta-analysis that attempt to summarize the available literature. Thus, we aimed to estimates the prevalence of drug-resistance in extrapulmonary tuberculosis patients and summarize the risk factors associated with the occurrence of extrapulmonary tuberculosis in Ethiopia.<h4>Methods</h4>We conducted a systematic review of the published primary studies on extrapulmonary drug-resistant tuberculosis in Ethiopia.<h4>Results</h4>Eight observational studies were included in this review from different regions of Ethiopia. The overall pooled prevalence of rifampicin resistance was 6% (95% CI 0.03-0.10), while isoniazid resistance was 7% (95% CI 0.03-0.12). The pooled prevalence of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis was 4% (95% CI 0.01-0.07). Previous tuberculosis treatment history and male gender are frequently reported risk factors for developing drug-resistant tuberculosis in extrapulmonary tuberculosis patients.<h4>Conclusion</h4>The current review has identified a high proportion of resistance to rifampicin, isoniazid, and multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in patients with extrapulmonary tuberculosis in Ethiopia. Clinicians should request drug susceptibility testing for all patients with presumptive extrapulmonary tuberculosis to detect drug-resistance.