Nanoantioxidants: Pioneer Types, Advantages, Limitations, and Future Insights

Free radicals are generated as byproducts of normal metabolic processes as well as due to exposure to several environmental pollutants. They are highly reactive species, causing cellular damage and are associated with a plethora of oxidative stress-related diseases and disorders. Antioxidants can co...

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Autores principales:	Basma Omran, Kwang-Hyun Baek
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	oxidative stress nanoantioxidants nanotoxicity nanoencapsulation Organic chemistry QD241-441
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/c3ad5b4a2baf4bdaa655f54cb0c6894c
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:c3ad5b4a2baf4bdaa655f54cb0c6894c2021-11-25T18:29:19ZNanoantioxidants: Pioneer Types, Advantages, Limitations, and Future Insights10.3390/molecules262270311420-3049https://doaj.org/article/c3ad5b4a2baf4bdaa655f54cb0c6894c2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/26/22/7031https://doaj.org/toc/1420-3049Free radicals are generated as byproducts of normal metabolic processes as well as due to exposure to several environmental pollutants. They are highly reactive species, causing cellular damage and are associated with a plethora of oxidative stress-related diseases and disorders. Antioxidants can control autoxidation by interfering with free radical propagation or inhibiting free radical formation, reducing oxidative stress, improving immune function, and increasing health longevity. Antioxidant functionalized metal nanoparticles, transition metal oxides, and nanocomposites have been identified as potent nanoantioxidants. They can be formulated in monometallic, bimetallic, and multi-metallic combinations via chemical and green synthesis techniques. The intrinsic antioxidant properties of nanomaterials are dependent on their tunable configuration, physico-chemical properties, crystallinity, surface charge, particle size, surface-to-volume ratio, and surface coating. Nanoantioxidants have several advantages over conventional antioxidants, involving increased bioavailability, controlled release, and targeted delivery to the site of action. This review emphasizes the most pioneering types of nanoantioxidants such as nanoceria, silica nanoparticles, polydopamine nanoparticles, and nanocomposite-, polysaccharide-, and protein-based nanoantioxidants. This review overviews the antioxidant potential of biologically synthesized nanomaterials, which have emerged as significant alternatives due to their biocompatibility and high stability. The promising nanoencapsulation nanosystems such as solid lipid nanoparticles, nanostructured lipid carriers, and liposome nanoparticles are highlighted. The advantages, limitations, and future insights of nanoantioxidant applications are discussed.Basma OmranKwang-Hyun BaekMDPI AGarticleoxidative stressnanoantioxidantsnanotoxicitynanoencapsulationOrganic chemistryQD241-441ENMolecules, Vol 26, Iss 7031, p 7031 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	oxidative stress nanoantioxidants nanotoxicity nanoencapsulation Organic chemistry QD241-441
spellingShingle	oxidative stress nanoantioxidants nanotoxicity nanoencapsulation Organic chemistry QD241-441 Basma Omran Kwang-Hyun Baek Nanoantioxidants: Pioneer Types, Advantages, Limitations, and Future Insights
description	Free radicals are generated as byproducts of normal metabolic processes as well as due to exposure to several environmental pollutants. They are highly reactive species, causing cellular damage and are associated with a plethora of oxidative stress-related diseases and disorders. Antioxidants can control autoxidation by interfering with free radical propagation or inhibiting free radical formation, reducing oxidative stress, improving immune function, and increasing health longevity. Antioxidant functionalized metal nanoparticles, transition metal oxides, and nanocomposites have been identified as potent nanoantioxidants. They can be formulated in monometallic, bimetallic, and multi-metallic combinations via chemical and green synthesis techniques. The intrinsic antioxidant properties of nanomaterials are dependent on their tunable configuration, physico-chemical properties, crystallinity, surface charge, particle size, surface-to-volume ratio, and surface coating. Nanoantioxidants have several advantages over conventional antioxidants, involving increased bioavailability, controlled release, and targeted delivery to the site of action. This review emphasizes the most pioneering types of nanoantioxidants such as nanoceria, silica nanoparticles, polydopamine nanoparticles, and nanocomposite-, polysaccharide-, and protein-based nanoantioxidants. This review overviews the antioxidant potential of biologically synthesized nanomaterials, which have emerged as significant alternatives due to their biocompatibility and high stability. The promising nanoencapsulation nanosystems such as solid lipid nanoparticles, nanostructured lipid carriers, and liposome nanoparticles are highlighted. The advantages, limitations, and future insights of nanoantioxidant applications are discussed.
format	article
author	Basma Omran Kwang-Hyun Baek
author_facet	Basma Omran Kwang-Hyun Baek
author_sort	Basma Omran
title	Nanoantioxidants: Pioneer Types, Advantages, Limitations, and Future Insights
title_short	Nanoantioxidants: Pioneer Types, Advantages, Limitations, and Future Insights
title_full	Nanoantioxidants: Pioneer Types, Advantages, Limitations, and Future Insights
title_fullStr	Nanoantioxidants: Pioneer Types, Advantages, Limitations, and Future Insights
title_full_unstemmed	Nanoantioxidants: Pioneer Types, Advantages, Limitations, and Future Insights
title_sort	nanoantioxidants: pioneer types, advantages, limitations, and future insights
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/c3ad5b4a2baf4bdaa655f54cb0c6894c
work_keys_str_mv	AT basmaomran nanoantioxidantspioneertypesadvantageslimitationsandfutureinsights AT kwanghyunbaek nanoantioxidantspioneertypesadvantageslimitationsandfutureinsights
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Nanoantioxidants: Pioneer Types, Advantages, Limitations, and Future Insights

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