Training-Dependent Change in Content of Association in Appetitive Pavlovian Conditioning

In appetitive Pavlovian conditioning, experience with a conditional relationship between a cue [conditioned stimulus (CS)] and a reward [unconditioned stimulus (US)] bestows CS with the ability to promote adaptive behavior patterns. Different features of US (e.g., identity-specific sensory, general...

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Autores principales:	Hea-jin Kim, Hae-Young Koh
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:	mice Pavlovian conditioning association mediated learning reality testing conditioned hallucination Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry RC321-571
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/c3cb148f8a8842edab1f7791735d5264
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:c3cb148f8a8842edab1f7791735d52642021-12-01T01:56:47ZTraining-Dependent Change in Content of Association in Appetitive Pavlovian Conditioning1662-515310.3389/fnbeh.2021.750131https://doaj.org/article/c3cb148f8a8842edab1f7791735d52642021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnbeh.2021.750131/fullhttps://doaj.org/toc/1662-5153In appetitive Pavlovian conditioning, experience with a conditional relationship between a cue [conditioned stimulus (CS)] and a reward [unconditioned stimulus (US)] bestows CS with the ability to promote adaptive behavior patterns. Different features of US (e.g., identity-specific sensory, general motivational) can be encoded by CS based on the nature of the CS-US relationship experienced (e.g., temporal factors such as training amount) and the content of association may determine the influence of CS over behavior (e.g., mediated learning, conditioned reinforcement). The content of association changed with varying conditioning factors, thereby altering behavioral consequences, however, has never been addressed in relevant brain signals evoked by CS. Our previous study found that phospholipase C β1-knockout (PLCβ1-KO) mice display persistent mediated learning over the extended course of odor-sugar conditioning, and that wild-type (WT) mice lose mediated learning sensitivity after extended training. In this study, in order to see whether this behavioral difference between these two genotypes comes from a difference in the course of association content, we examined whether odor CS can evoke the taste sensory representation of an absent sugar US after minimal- and extended training in these mice. In contrast to WT, which lost CS-evoked neural activation (c-Fos expression) in the gustatory cortex after extended training, KO mice displayed persistent association with the sensory feature of sugar, suggesting that sensory encoding is reliably linked to mediated learning sensitivity and there is a training-dependent change in the content of association in WT. PLCβ1 knockdown in the left medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) resulted in mediated learning sensitivity and CS-evoked gustatory cortical activation after extended training, proposing a molecular component of the neural system underlying this Pavlovian conditioning process. We also discuss how disruption of this process is implicated for hallucination-like behaviors (impaired reality testing).Hea-jin KimHea-jin KimHae-Young KohHae-Young KohFrontiers Media S.A.articlemicePavlovian conditioningassociationmediated learningreality testingconditioned hallucinationNeurosciences. Biological psychiatry. NeuropsychiatryRC321-571ENFrontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience, Vol 15 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	mice Pavlovian conditioning association mediated learning reality testing conditioned hallucination Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry RC321-571
spellingShingle	mice Pavlovian conditioning association mediated learning reality testing conditioned hallucination Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry RC321-571 Hea-jin Kim Hea-jin Kim Hae-Young Koh Hae-Young Koh Training-Dependent Change in Content of Association in Appetitive Pavlovian Conditioning
description	In appetitive Pavlovian conditioning, experience with a conditional relationship between a cue [conditioned stimulus (CS)] and a reward [unconditioned stimulus (US)] bestows CS with the ability to promote adaptive behavior patterns. Different features of US (e.g., identity-specific sensory, general motivational) can be encoded by CS based on the nature of the CS-US relationship experienced (e.g., temporal factors such as training amount) and the content of association may determine the influence of CS over behavior (e.g., mediated learning, conditioned reinforcement). The content of association changed with varying conditioning factors, thereby altering behavioral consequences, however, has never been addressed in relevant brain signals evoked by CS. Our previous study found that phospholipase C β1-knockout (PLCβ1-KO) mice display persistent mediated learning over the extended course of odor-sugar conditioning, and that wild-type (WT) mice lose mediated learning sensitivity after extended training. In this study, in order to see whether this behavioral difference between these two genotypes comes from a difference in the course of association content, we examined whether odor CS can evoke the taste sensory representation of an absent sugar US after minimal- and extended training in these mice. In contrast to WT, which lost CS-evoked neural activation (c-Fos expression) in the gustatory cortex after extended training, KO mice displayed persistent association with the sensory feature of sugar, suggesting that sensory encoding is reliably linked to mediated learning sensitivity and there is a training-dependent change in the content of association in WT. PLCβ1 knockdown in the left medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) resulted in mediated learning sensitivity and CS-evoked gustatory cortical activation after extended training, proposing a molecular component of the neural system underlying this Pavlovian conditioning process. We also discuss how disruption of this process is implicated for hallucination-like behaviors (impaired reality testing).
format	article
author	Hea-jin Kim Hea-jin Kim Hae-Young Koh Hae-Young Koh
author_facet	Hea-jin Kim Hea-jin Kim Hae-Young Koh Hae-Young Koh
author_sort	Hea-jin Kim
title	Training-Dependent Change in Content of Association in Appetitive Pavlovian Conditioning
title_short	Training-Dependent Change in Content of Association in Appetitive Pavlovian Conditioning
title_full	Training-Dependent Change in Content of Association in Appetitive Pavlovian Conditioning
title_fullStr	Training-Dependent Change in Content of Association in Appetitive Pavlovian Conditioning
title_full_unstemmed	Training-Dependent Change in Content of Association in Appetitive Pavlovian Conditioning
title_sort	training-dependent change in content of association in appetitive pavlovian conditioning
publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/c3cb148f8a8842edab1f7791735d5264
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Training-Dependent Change in Content of Association in Appetitive Pavlovian Conditioning

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