Modified Carbon Nanotubes: Surface Properties and Activity in Oxygen Reduction Reaction

In order to develop highly efficient and stable catalysts for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) that do not contain precious metals, it is necessary to modify carbon nanotubes (CNT) and define the effect of the modification on their activity in the ORR. In this work, the modification of CNTs included...

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Autores principales:	Vera Bogdanovskaya, Inna Vernigor, Marina Radina, Vladimir Sobolev, Vladimir Andreev, Nadezhda Nikolskaya
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	carbon nanotubes modification oxygen electrochemical reduction electrochemically active surface area corrosion resistance Chemical technology TP1-1185 Chemistry QD1-999
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/c3daff0787744a39af5230ab132617bb
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:c3daff0787744a39af5230ab132617bb2021-11-25T17:06:15ZModified Carbon Nanotubes: Surface Properties and Activity in Oxygen Reduction Reaction10.3390/catal111113542073-4344https://doaj.org/article/c3daff0787744a39af5230ab132617bb2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2073-4344/11/11/1354https://doaj.org/toc/2073-4344In order to develop highly efficient and stable catalysts for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) that do not contain precious metals, it is necessary to modify carbon nanotubes (CNT) and define the effect of the modification on their activity in the ORR. In this work, the modification of CNTs included functionalization by treatment in NaOH or HNO<sub>3</sub> (soft and hard conditions, respectively) and subsequent doping with nitrogen (melamine was used as a precursor). The main parameters that determine the efficiency of modified CNT in ORR are composition and surface area (XPS, BET), hydrophilic–hydrophobic surface properties (method of standard contact porosimetry (MSP)) and zeta potential (dynamic light scattering method). The activity of CNT in ORR was assessed following half-wave potential, current density within kinetic potential range and the electrochemically active surface area (S<sub>EAS</sub>). The obtained results show that the modification of CNT with oxygen-containing groups leads to an increase in hydrophilicity and, consequently, S<sub>EAS</sub>, as well as the total (overall) current. Subsequent doping with nitrogen ensures further increase in S<sub>EAS</sub>, higher zeta potential and specific activity in ORR, reflected in the shift of the half-wave potential by 150 mV for CNT<sub>NaOH-N</sub> and 110 mV for CNT<sub>HNO3-N</sub> relative to CNT<sub>NaOH</sub> and CNT<sub>HNO3</sub>, respectively. Moreover, the introduction of N into the structure of CNT<sub>HNO3</sub> increases their corrosion stability.Vera BogdanovskayaInna VernigorMarina RadinaVladimir SobolevVladimir AndreevNadezhda NikolskayaMDPI AGarticlecarbon nanotubesmodificationoxygen electrochemical reductionelectrochemically active surface areacorrosion resistanceChemical technologyTP1-1185ChemistryQD1-999ENCatalysts, Vol 11, Iss 1354, p 1354 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	carbon nanotubes modification oxygen electrochemical reduction electrochemically active surface area corrosion resistance Chemical technology TP1-1185 Chemistry QD1-999
spellingShingle	carbon nanotubes modification oxygen electrochemical reduction electrochemically active surface area corrosion resistance Chemical technology TP1-1185 Chemistry QD1-999 Vera Bogdanovskaya Inna Vernigor Marina Radina Vladimir Sobolev Vladimir Andreev Nadezhda Nikolskaya Modified Carbon Nanotubes: Surface Properties and Activity in Oxygen Reduction Reaction
description	In order to develop highly efficient and stable catalysts for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) that do not contain precious metals, it is necessary to modify carbon nanotubes (CNT) and define the effect of the modification on their activity in the ORR. In this work, the modification of CNTs included functionalization by treatment in NaOH or HNO<sub>3</sub> (soft and hard conditions, respectively) and subsequent doping with nitrogen (melamine was used as a precursor). The main parameters that determine the efficiency of modified CNT in ORR are composition and surface area (XPS, BET), hydrophilic–hydrophobic surface properties (method of standard contact porosimetry (MSP)) and zeta potential (dynamic light scattering method). The activity of CNT in ORR was assessed following half-wave potential, current density within kinetic potential range and the electrochemically active surface area (S<sub>EAS</sub>). The obtained results show that the modification of CNT with oxygen-containing groups leads to an increase in hydrophilicity and, consequently, S<sub>EAS</sub>, as well as the total (overall) current. Subsequent doping with nitrogen ensures further increase in S<sub>EAS</sub>, higher zeta potential and specific activity in ORR, reflected in the shift of the half-wave potential by 150 mV for CNT<sub>NaOH-N</sub> and 110 mV for CNT<sub>HNO3-N</sub> relative to CNT<sub>NaOH</sub> and CNT<sub>HNO3</sub>, respectively. Moreover, the introduction of N into the structure of CNT<sub>HNO3</sub> increases their corrosion stability.
format	article
author	Vera Bogdanovskaya Inna Vernigor Marina Radina Vladimir Sobolev Vladimir Andreev Nadezhda Nikolskaya
author_facet	Vera Bogdanovskaya Inna Vernigor Marina Radina Vladimir Sobolev Vladimir Andreev Nadezhda Nikolskaya
author_sort	Vera Bogdanovskaya
title	Modified Carbon Nanotubes: Surface Properties and Activity in Oxygen Reduction Reaction
title_short	Modified Carbon Nanotubes: Surface Properties and Activity in Oxygen Reduction Reaction
title_full	Modified Carbon Nanotubes: Surface Properties and Activity in Oxygen Reduction Reaction
title_fullStr	Modified Carbon Nanotubes: Surface Properties and Activity in Oxygen Reduction Reaction
title_full_unstemmed	Modified Carbon Nanotubes: Surface Properties and Activity in Oxygen Reduction Reaction
title_sort	modified carbon nanotubes: surface properties and activity in oxygen reduction reaction
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/c3daff0787744a39af5230ab132617bb
work_keys_str_mv	AT verabogdanovskaya modifiedcarbonnanotubessurfacepropertiesandactivityinoxygenreductionreaction AT innavernigor modifiedcarbonnanotubessurfacepropertiesandactivityinoxygenreductionreaction AT marinaradina modifiedcarbonnanotubessurfacepropertiesandactivityinoxygenreductionreaction AT vladimirsobolev modifiedcarbonnanotubessurfacepropertiesandactivityinoxygenreductionreaction AT vladimirandreev modifiedcarbonnanotubessurfacepropertiesandactivityinoxygenreductionreaction AT nadezhdanikolskaya modifiedcarbonnanotubessurfacepropertiesandactivityinoxygenreductionreaction
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Modified Carbon Nanotubes: Surface Properties and Activity in Oxygen Reduction Reaction

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