Blockchain applications in health care for COVID-19 and beyond: a systematic review

Summary: The COVID-19 pandemic has had a substantial and global impact on health care, and has greatly accelerated the adoption of digital technology. One of these emerging digital technologies, blockchain, has unique characteristics (eg, immutability, decentralisation, and transparency) that can be...

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Autores principales:	Wei Yan Ng, FRCOphth, Tien-En Tan, FRCOphth, Prasanth V H Movva, BEng, Andrew Hao Sen Fang, MBBS, Khung-Keong Yeo, ABIM, Dean Ho, ProfPhD, Fuji Shyy San Foo, MBA, Zhe Xiao, PhD, Kai Sun, PhD, Tien Yin Wong, ProfPhD, Alex Tiong-Heng Sia, FAMS, Daniel Shu Wei Ting, PhD
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Elsevier 2021
Materias:	Computer applications to medicine. Medical informatics R858-859.7
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/c4128be6e5704f3dbc9a8231ec3da5a8
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:c4128be6e5704f3dbc9a8231ec3da5a82021-11-24T04:33:32ZBlockchain applications in health care for COVID-19 and beyond: a systematic review2589-750010.1016/S2589-7500(21)00210-7https://doaj.org/article/c4128be6e5704f3dbc9a8231ec3da5a82021-12-01T00:00:00Zhttp://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2589750021002107https://doaj.org/toc/2589-7500Summary: The COVID-19 pandemic has had a substantial and global impact on health care, and has greatly accelerated the adoption of digital technology. One of these emerging digital technologies, blockchain, has unique characteristics (eg, immutability, decentralisation, and transparency) that can be useful in multiple domains (eg, management of electronic medical records and access rights, and mobile health). We conducted a systematic review of COVID-19-related and non-COVID-19-related applications of blockchain in health care. We identified relevant reports published in MEDLINE, SpringerLink, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Xplore, ScienceDirect, arXiv, and Google Scholar up to July 29, 2021. Articles that included both clinical and technical designs, with or without prototype development, were included. A total of 85 375 articles were evaluated, with 415 full length reports (37 related to COVID-19 and 378 not related to COVID-19) eventually included in the final analysis. The main COVID-19-related applications reported were pandemic control and surveillance, immunity or vaccine passport monitoring, and contact tracing. The top three non-COVID-19-related applications were management of electronic medical records, internet of things (eg, remote monitoring or mobile health), and supply chain monitoring. Most reports detailed technical performance of the blockchain prototype platforms (277 [66·7%] of 415), whereas nine (2·2%) studies showed real-world clinical application and adoption. The remaining studies (129 [31·1%] of 415) were themselves of a technical design only. The most common platforms used were Ethereum and Hyperledger. Blockchain technology has numerous potential COVID-19-related and non-COVID-19-related applications in health care. However, much of the current research remains at the technical stage, with few providing actual clinical applications, highlighting the need to translate foundational blockchain technology into clinical use.Wei Yan Ng, FRCOphthTien-En Tan, FRCOphthPrasanth V H Movva, BEngAndrew Hao Sen Fang, MBBSKhung-Keong Yeo, ABIMDean Ho, ProfPhDFuji Shyy San Foo, MBAZhe Xiao, PhDKai Sun, PhDTien Yin Wong, ProfPhDAlex Tiong-Heng Sia, FAMSDaniel Shu Wei Ting, PhDElsevierarticleComputer applications to medicine. Medical informaticsR858-859.7ENThe Lancet: Digital Health, Vol 3, Iss 12, Pp e819-e829 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Computer applications to medicine. Medical informatics R858-859.7
spellingShingle	Computer applications to medicine. Medical informatics R858-859.7 Wei Yan Ng, FRCOphth Tien-En Tan, FRCOphth Prasanth V H Movva, BEng Andrew Hao Sen Fang, MBBS Khung-Keong Yeo, ABIM Dean Ho, ProfPhD Fuji Shyy San Foo, MBA Zhe Xiao, PhD Kai Sun, PhD Tien Yin Wong, ProfPhD Alex Tiong-Heng Sia, FAMS Daniel Shu Wei Ting, PhD Blockchain applications in health care for COVID-19 and beyond: a systematic review
description	Summary: The COVID-19 pandemic has had a substantial and global impact on health care, and has greatly accelerated the adoption of digital technology. One of these emerging digital technologies, blockchain, has unique characteristics (eg, immutability, decentralisation, and transparency) that can be useful in multiple domains (eg, management of electronic medical records and access rights, and mobile health). We conducted a systematic review of COVID-19-related and non-COVID-19-related applications of blockchain in health care. We identified relevant reports published in MEDLINE, SpringerLink, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Xplore, ScienceDirect, arXiv, and Google Scholar up to July 29, 2021. Articles that included both clinical and technical designs, with or without prototype development, were included. A total of 85 375 articles were evaluated, with 415 full length reports (37 related to COVID-19 and 378 not related to COVID-19) eventually included in the final analysis. The main COVID-19-related applications reported were pandemic control and surveillance, immunity or vaccine passport monitoring, and contact tracing. The top three non-COVID-19-related applications were management of electronic medical records, internet of things (eg, remote monitoring or mobile health), and supply chain monitoring. Most reports detailed technical performance of the blockchain prototype platforms (277 [66·7%] of 415), whereas nine (2·2%) studies showed real-world clinical application and adoption. The remaining studies (129 [31·1%] of 415) were themselves of a technical design only. The most common platforms used were Ethereum and Hyperledger. Blockchain technology has numerous potential COVID-19-related and non-COVID-19-related applications in health care. However, much of the current research remains at the technical stage, with few providing actual clinical applications, highlighting the need to translate foundational blockchain technology into clinical use.
format	article
author	Wei Yan Ng, FRCOphth Tien-En Tan, FRCOphth Prasanth V H Movva, BEng Andrew Hao Sen Fang, MBBS Khung-Keong Yeo, ABIM Dean Ho, ProfPhD Fuji Shyy San Foo, MBA Zhe Xiao, PhD Kai Sun, PhD Tien Yin Wong, ProfPhD Alex Tiong-Heng Sia, FAMS Daniel Shu Wei Ting, PhD
author_facet	Wei Yan Ng, FRCOphth Tien-En Tan, FRCOphth Prasanth V H Movva, BEng Andrew Hao Sen Fang, MBBS Khung-Keong Yeo, ABIM Dean Ho, ProfPhD Fuji Shyy San Foo, MBA Zhe Xiao, PhD Kai Sun, PhD Tien Yin Wong, ProfPhD Alex Tiong-Heng Sia, FAMS Daniel Shu Wei Ting, PhD
author_sort	Wei Yan Ng, FRCOphth
title	Blockchain applications in health care for COVID-19 and beyond: a systematic review
title_short	Blockchain applications in health care for COVID-19 and beyond: a systematic review
title_full	Blockchain applications in health care for COVID-19 and beyond: a systematic review
title_fullStr	Blockchain applications in health care for COVID-19 and beyond: a systematic review
title_full_unstemmed	Blockchain applications in health care for COVID-19 and beyond: a systematic review
title_sort	blockchain applications in health care for covid-19 and beyond: a systematic review
publisher	Elsevier
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/c4128be6e5704f3dbc9a8231ec3da5a8
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Blockchain applications in health care for COVID-19 and beyond: a systematic review

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