A subduction and mantle plume origin for Samoan volcanism

Abstract The origin of Samoan volcanism in the southwest Pacific remains enigmatic. Whether mantle melting is solely caused by a mantle plume is questionable because some volcanism, here referred to as non-hotspot volcanism, defies the plume model and its linear age-progression trend. Indeed, non-ho...

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Autores principales:	Vincent Strak, Wouter P. Schellart
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2018
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/c446482a66544897bc57f86b911a55dc
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:c446482a66544897bc57f86b911a55dc2021-12-02T11:41:25ZA subduction and mantle plume origin for Samoan volcanism10.1038/s41598-018-28267-32045-2322https://doaj.org/article/c446482a66544897bc57f86b911a55dc2018-07-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-28267-3https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract The origin of Samoan volcanism in the southwest Pacific remains enigmatic. Whether mantle melting is solely caused by a mantle plume is questionable because some volcanism, here referred to as non-hotspot volcanism, defies the plume model and its linear age-progression trend. Indeed, non-hotspot volcanism occurred as far as 740 km west of the predicted Samoan hotspot after 5 Ma. Here we use fully-dynamic laboratory subduction models and a tectonic reconstruction to show that the nearby Tonga-Kermadec-Hikurangi (TKH) subduction zone induces a broad mantle upwelling around the northern slab edge that coincides with the non-hotspot volcanic activity after 5 Ma. Using published potential mantle temperatures for the ambient mantle and Samoan mantle plume, we find that two geodynamic processes can explain mantle melting responsible for intraplate volcanism in the Samoan region. We propose that before 5 Ma, the volcanism is consistent with the plume model, whereas afterwards non-hotspot volcanism resulted from interaction between the Subduction-Induced Mantle Upwelling (SIMU) and Samoan mantle plume material that propagated west from the hotspot due to the toroidal component of slab rollback-induced mantle flow. In this geodynamic scenario, the SIMU drives decompression melting in the westward-swept plume material, thus producing the non-hotpot volcanism.Vincent StrakWouter P. SchellartNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 8, Iss 1, Pp 1-12 (2018)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Vincent Strak Wouter P. Schellart A subduction and mantle plume origin for Samoan volcanism
description	Abstract The origin of Samoan volcanism in the southwest Pacific remains enigmatic. Whether mantle melting is solely caused by a mantle plume is questionable because some volcanism, here referred to as non-hotspot volcanism, defies the plume model and its linear age-progression trend. Indeed, non-hotspot volcanism occurred as far as 740 km west of the predicted Samoan hotspot after 5 Ma. Here we use fully-dynamic laboratory subduction models and a tectonic reconstruction to show that the nearby Tonga-Kermadec-Hikurangi (TKH) subduction zone induces a broad mantle upwelling around the northern slab edge that coincides with the non-hotspot volcanic activity after 5 Ma. Using published potential mantle temperatures for the ambient mantle and Samoan mantle plume, we find that two geodynamic processes can explain mantle melting responsible for intraplate volcanism in the Samoan region. We propose that before 5 Ma, the volcanism is consistent with the plume model, whereas afterwards non-hotspot volcanism resulted from interaction between the Subduction-Induced Mantle Upwelling (SIMU) and Samoan mantle plume material that propagated west from the hotspot due to the toroidal component of slab rollback-induced mantle flow. In this geodynamic scenario, the SIMU drives decompression melting in the westward-swept plume material, thus producing the non-hotpot volcanism.
format	article
author	Vincent Strak Wouter P. Schellart
author_facet	Vincent Strak Wouter P. Schellart
author_sort	Vincent Strak
title	A subduction and mantle plume origin for Samoan volcanism
title_short	A subduction and mantle plume origin for Samoan volcanism
title_full	A subduction and mantle plume origin for Samoan volcanism
title_fullStr	A subduction and mantle plume origin for Samoan volcanism
title_full_unstemmed	A subduction and mantle plume origin for Samoan volcanism
title_sort	subduction and mantle plume origin for samoan volcanism
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2018
url	https://doaj.org/article/c446482a66544897bc57f86b911a55dc
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_version_	1718395425625473024

A subduction and mantle plume origin for Samoan volcanism

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