Evolutionary trends of the conserved neurocranium shape in angel sharks (Squatiniformes, Elasmobranchii)

Abstract Elasmobranchii (i.e., sharks, skates, and rays) forms one of the most diverse groups of marine predators. With a fossil record extending back into the Devonian, several modifications in their body plan illustrate their body shape diversity through time. The angel sharks, whose fossil record...

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Autores principales:	Faviel A. López-Romero, Sebastian Stumpf, Cathrin Pfaff, Giuseppe Marramà, Zerina Johanson, Jürgen Kriwet
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2020
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/c44977e891f344a5849a1ef5e45dc6d5
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:c44977e891f344a5849a1ef5e45dc6d52021-12-02T16:06:40ZEvolutionary trends of the conserved neurocranium shape in angel sharks (Squatiniformes, Elasmobranchii)10.1038/s41598-020-69525-72045-2322https://doaj.org/article/c44977e891f344a5849a1ef5e45dc6d52020-07-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-69525-7https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Elasmobranchii (i.e., sharks, skates, and rays) forms one of the most diverse groups of marine predators. With a fossil record extending back into the Devonian, several modifications in their body plan illustrate their body shape diversity through time. The angel sharks, whose fossil record dates back to the Late Jurassic, some 160 Ma, have a dorsoventrally flattened body, similar to skates and rays. Fossil skeletons of this group show that the overall morphology was well established earlier in its history. By examining the skull shape of well-preserved fossil material compared to extant angel sharks using geometric morphometric methods, within a phylogenetic framework, we were able to determine the conservative skull shape among angel sharks with a high degree of integration. The morphospace occupation of extant angel sharks is rather restricted, with extensive overlap. Most of the differences in skull shape are related to their geographic distribution patterns. We found higher levels of disparity in extinct forms, but lower ones in extant species. Since angel sharks display a highly specialized prey capture behaviour, we suggest that the morphological integration and biogeographic processes are the main drivers of their diversity, which might limit their capacity to display higher disparities since their origin.Faviel A. López-RomeroSebastian StumpfCathrin PfaffGiuseppe MarramàZerina JohansonJürgen KriwetNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 10, Iss 1, Pp 1-13 (2020)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Faviel A. López-Romero Sebastian Stumpf Cathrin Pfaff Giuseppe Marramà Zerina Johanson Jürgen Kriwet Evolutionary trends of the conserved neurocranium shape in angel sharks (Squatiniformes, Elasmobranchii)
description	Abstract Elasmobranchii (i.e., sharks, skates, and rays) forms one of the most diverse groups of marine predators. With a fossil record extending back into the Devonian, several modifications in their body plan illustrate their body shape diversity through time. The angel sharks, whose fossil record dates back to the Late Jurassic, some 160 Ma, have a dorsoventrally flattened body, similar to skates and rays. Fossil skeletons of this group show that the overall morphology was well established earlier in its history. By examining the skull shape of well-preserved fossil material compared to extant angel sharks using geometric morphometric methods, within a phylogenetic framework, we were able to determine the conservative skull shape among angel sharks with a high degree of integration. The morphospace occupation of extant angel sharks is rather restricted, with extensive overlap. Most of the differences in skull shape are related to their geographic distribution patterns. We found higher levels of disparity in extinct forms, but lower ones in extant species. Since angel sharks display a highly specialized prey capture behaviour, we suggest that the morphological integration and biogeographic processes are the main drivers of their diversity, which might limit their capacity to display higher disparities since their origin.
format	article
author	Faviel A. López-Romero Sebastian Stumpf Cathrin Pfaff Giuseppe Marramà Zerina Johanson Jürgen Kriwet
author_facet	Faviel A. López-Romero Sebastian Stumpf Cathrin Pfaff Giuseppe Marramà Zerina Johanson Jürgen Kriwet
author_sort	Faviel A. López-Romero
title	Evolutionary trends of the conserved neurocranium shape in angel sharks (Squatiniformes, Elasmobranchii)
title_short	Evolutionary trends of the conserved neurocranium shape in angel sharks (Squatiniformes, Elasmobranchii)
title_full	Evolutionary trends of the conserved neurocranium shape in angel sharks (Squatiniformes, Elasmobranchii)
title_fullStr	Evolutionary trends of the conserved neurocranium shape in angel sharks (Squatiniformes, Elasmobranchii)
title_full_unstemmed	Evolutionary trends of the conserved neurocranium shape in angel sharks (Squatiniformes, Elasmobranchii)
title_sort	evolutionary trends of the conserved neurocranium shape in angel sharks (squatiniformes, elasmobranchii)
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2020
url	https://doaj.org/article/c44977e891f344a5849a1ef5e45dc6d5
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Evolutionary trends of the conserved neurocranium shape in angel sharks (Squatiniformes, Elasmobranchii)

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