Electro-Quasistatic Animal Body Communication for Untethered Rodent Biopotential Recording

Abstract Continuous multi-channel monitoring of biopotential signals is vital in understanding the body as a whole, facilitating accurate models and predictions in neural research. The current state of the art in wireless technologies for untethered biopotential recordings rely on radiative electrom...

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Autores principales:	Shreeya Sriram, Shitij Avlani, Matthew P. Ward, Shreyas Sen
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/c4a5cc39988749f5896f254313b2e8ac
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:c4a5cc39988749f5896f254313b2e8ac2021-12-02T14:26:55ZElectro-Quasistatic Animal Body Communication for Untethered Rodent Biopotential Recording10.1038/s41598-021-81108-82045-2322https://doaj.org/article/c4a5cc39988749f5896f254313b2e8ac2021-02-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-81108-8https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Continuous multi-channel monitoring of biopotential signals is vital in understanding the body as a whole, facilitating accurate models and predictions in neural research. The current state of the art in wireless technologies for untethered biopotential recordings rely on radiative electromagnetic (EM) fields. In such transmissions, only a small fraction of this energy is received since the EM fields are widely radiated resulting in lossy inefficient systems. Using the body as a communication medium (similar to a ’wire’) allows for the containment of the energy within the body, yielding order(s) of magnitude lower energy than radiative EM communication. In this work, we introduce Animal Body Communication (ABC), which utilizes the concept of using the body as a medium into the domain of untethered animal biopotential recording. This work, for the first time, develops the theory and models for animal body communication circuitry and channel loss. Using this theoretical model, a sub-inch $$^3$$ 3 [1″ × 1″ × 0.4″], custom-designed sensor node is built using off the shelf components which is capable of sensing and transmitting biopotential signals, through the body of the rat at significantly lower powers compared to traditional wireless transmissions. In-vivo experimental analysis proves that ABC successfully transmits acquired electrocardiogram (EKG) signals through the body with correlation $$>99\%$$ > 99 % when compared to traditional wireless communication modalities, with a 50 $$\times$$ × reduction in power consumption.Shreeya SriramShitij AvlaniMatthew P. WardShreyas SenNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-14 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Shreeya Sriram Shitij Avlani Matthew P. Ward Shreyas Sen Electro-Quasistatic Animal Body Communication for Untethered Rodent Biopotential Recording
description	Abstract Continuous multi-channel monitoring of biopotential signals is vital in understanding the body as a whole, facilitating accurate models and predictions in neural research. The current state of the art in wireless technologies for untethered biopotential recordings rely on radiative electromagnetic (EM) fields. In such transmissions, only a small fraction of this energy is received since the EM fields are widely radiated resulting in lossy inefficient systems. Using the body as a communication medium (similar to a ’wire’) allows for the containment of the energy within the body, yielding order(s) of magnitude lower energy than radiative EM communication. In this work, we introduce Animal Body Communication (ABC), which utilizes the concept of using the body as a medium into the domain of untethered animal biopotential recording. This work, for the first time, develops the theory and models for animal body communication circuitry and channel loss. Using this theoretical model, a sub-inch $$^3$$ 3 [1″ × 1″ × 0.4″], custom-designed sensor node is built using off the shelf components which is capable of sensing and transmitting biopotential signals, through the body of the rat at significantly lower powers compared to traditional wireless transmissions. In-vivo experimental analysis proves that ABC successfully transmits acquired electrocardiogram (EKG) signals through the body with correlation $$>99\%$$ > 99 % when compared to traditional wireless communication modalities, with a 50 $$\times$$ × reduction in power consumption.
format	article
author	Shreeya Sriram Shitij Avlani Matthew P. Ward Shreyas Sen
author_facet	Shreeya Sriram Shitij Avlani Matthew P. Ward Shreyas Sen
author_sort	Shreeya Sriram
title	Electro-Quasistatic Animal Body Communication for Untethered Rodent Biopotential Recording
title_short	Electro-Quasistatic Animal Body Communication for Untethered Rodent Biopotential Recording
title_full	Electro-Quasistatic Animal Body Communication for Untethered Rodent Biopotential Recording
title_fullStr	Electro-Quasistatic Animal Body Communication for Untethered Rodent Biopotential Recording
title_full_unstemmed	Electro-Quasistatic Animal Body Communication for Untethered Rodent Biopotential Recording
title_sort	electro-quasistatic animal body communication for untethered rodent biopotential recording
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/c4a5cc39988749f5896f254313b2e8ac
work_keys_str_mv	AT shreeyasriram electroquasistaticanimalbodycommunicationforuntetheredrodentbiopotentialrecording AT shitijavlani electroquasistaticanimalbodycommunicationforuntetheredrodentbiopotentialrecording AT matthewpward electroquasistaticanimalbodycommunicationforuntetheredrodentbiopotentialrecording AT shreyassen electroquasistaticanimalbodycommunicationforuntetheredrodentbiopotentialrecording
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Electro-Quasistatic Animal Body Communication for Untethered Rodent Biopotential Recording

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