Virulence Characteristics of Biofilm-Forming Acinetobacter baumannii in Clinical Isolates Using a Galleria mellonella Model

Acinetobacter baumannii is a Gram-negative coccobacillus responsible for severe hospital-acquired infections, particularly in intensive care units (ICUs). The current study was designed to characterize the virulence traits of biofilm-forming carbapenem-resistant A. bauman...

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Autores principales:	Mahmoud A. F. Khalil, Fatma A. Ahmed, Ahmed F. Elkhateeb, Eman E. Mahmoud, Mona I. Ahmed, Randa I. Ahmed, Amal Hosni, Saad Alghamdi, Ahmed Kabrah, Anas S. Dablool, Helal F. Hetta, Sawsan S. Moawad, Enas Mamdouh Hefzy
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	<i>Acinetobacter baumannii</i> pneumonia biofilm carbapenem <i>Galleria mellonella</i> Biology (General) QH301-705.5
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/c4a6a7b7c4c2433486255f490565502a
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:c4a6a7b7c4c2433486255f490565502a2021-11-25T18:25:27ZVirulence Characteristics of Biofilm-Forming <i>Acinetobacter baumannii</i> in Clinical Isolates Using a <i>Galleria mellonella</i> Model10.3390/microorganisms91123652076-2607https://doaj.org/article/c4a6a7b7c4c2433486255f490565502a2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/9/11/2365https://doaj.org/toc/2076-2607<i>Acinetobacter baumannii</i> is a Gram-negative coccobacillus responsible for severe hospital-acquired infections, particularly in intensive care units (ICUs). The current study was designed to characterize the virulence traits of biofilm-forming carbapenem-resistant <i>A. baumannii</i> causing pneumonia in ICU patients using a <i>Galleria mellonella</i> model. Two hundred and thirty patients with hospital-acquired or ventilator-associated pneumonia were included in our study. Among the total isolates, <i>A. baumannii</i> was the most frequently isolated etiological agent in ICU patients with pneumonia (54/165, 32.7%). All <i>A. baumannii</i> isolates were subjected to antimicrobial susceptibility testing by the Kirby–Bauer disk diffusion method, while the minimum inhibitory concentrations of imipenem and colistin were estimated using the broth microdilution technique. The biofilm formation activity of the isolates was tested using the microtiter plate technique. Biofilm quantification showed that 61.1% (33/54) of the isolates were strong biofilm producers, while 27.7% (15/54) and 11.1% (6/54) showed moderate or weak biofilm production. By studying the prevalence of carbapenemases-encoding genes among isolates, <i>bla</i><sub>OXA-23</sub>-<sub>like</sub> was positive in 88.9% of the isolates (48/54). The <i>Bla<sub>NDM</sub></i> gene was found in 27.7% of the isolates (15/54 isolates). <i>Bla</i><sub>OXA-23</sub>-<sub>like</sub> and <i>bla<sub>NDM</sub></i> genes coexisted in 25.9% (14/54 isolates). <i>Bap</i> and <i>bla</i><sub><i>PER</i>-<i>1</i></sub> genes, the biofilm-associated genes, coexisted in 5.6% (3/54) of the isolates. For in vivo assessment of <i>A. baumannii</i> pathogenicity, a <i>Galleria mellonella</i> survival assay was used. <i>G. mellonella</i> survival was statistically different between moderate and poor biofilm producers (<i>p</i> < 0.0001). The killing effect of the strong biofilm-producing group was significantly higher than that of the moderate and poor biofilm producers (<i>p</i> < 0.0001 for each comparison). These findings highlight the role of biofilm formation as a powerful virulence factor for carbapenem-resistant <i>A. baumannii</i> that causes pneumonia in the ICU.Mahmoud A. F. KhalilFatma A. AhmedAhmed F. ElkhateebEman E. MahmoudMona I. AhmedRanda I. AhmedAmal HosniSaad AlghamdiAhmed KabrahAnas S. DabloolHelal F. HettaSawsan S. MoawadEnas Mamdouh HefzyMDPI AGarticle<i>Acinetobacter baumannii</i>pneumoniabiofilmcarbapenem<i>Galleria mellonella</i>Biology (General)QH301-705.5ENMicroorganisms, Vol 9, Iss 2365, p 2365 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	<i>Acinetobacter baumannii</i> pneumonia biofilm carbapenem <i>Galleria mellonella</i> Biology (General) QH301-705.5
spellingShingle	<i>Acinetobacter baumannii</i> pneumonia biofilm carbapenem <i>Galleria mellonella</i> Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Mahmoud A. F. Khalil Fatma A. Ahmed Ahmed F. Elkhateeb Eman E. Mahmoud Mona I. Ahmed Randa I. Ahmed Amal Hosni Saad Alghamdi Ahmed Kabrah Anas S. Dablool Helal F. Hetta Sawsan S. Moawad Enas Mamdouh Hefzy Virulence Characteristics of Biofilm-Forming <i>Acinetobacter baumannii</i> in Clinical Isolates Using a <i>Galleria mellonella</i> Model
description	<i>Acinetobacter baumannii</i> is a Gram-negative coccobacillus responsible for severe hospital-acquired infections, particularly in intensive care units (ICUs). The current study was designed to characterize the virulence traits of biofilm-forming carbapenem-resistant <i>A. baumannii</i> causing pneumonia in ICU patients using a <i>Galleria mellonella</i> model. Two hundred and thirty patients with hospital-acquired or ventilator-associated pneumonia were included in our study. Among the total isolates, <i>A. baumannii</i> was the most frequently isolated etiological agent in ICU patients with pneumonia (54/165, 32.7%). All <i>A. baumannii</i> isolates were subjected to antimicrobial susceptibility testing by the Kirby–Bauer disk diffusion method, while the minimum inhibitory concentrations of imipenem and colistin were estimated using the broth microdilution technique. The biofilm formation activity of the isolates was tested using the microtiter plate technique. Biofilm quantification showed that 61.1% (33/54) of the isolates were strong biofilm producers, while 27.7% (15/54) and 11.1% (6/54) showed moderate or weak biofilm production. By studying the prevalence of carbapenemases-encoding genes among isolates, <i>bla</i><sub>OXA-23</sub>-<sub>like</sub> was positive in 88.9% of the isolates (48/54). The <i>Bla<sub>NDM</sub></i> gene was found in 27.7% of the isolates (15/54 isolates). <i>Bla</i><sub>OXA-23</sub>-<sub>like</sub> and <i>bla<sub>NDM</sub></i> genes coexisted in 25.9% (14/54 isolates). <i>Bap</i> and <i>bla</i><sub><i>PER</i>-<i>1</i></sub> genes, the biofilm-associated genes, coexisted in 5.6% (3/54) of the isolates. For in vivo assessment of <i>A. baumannii</i> pathogenicity, a <i>Galleria mellonella</i> survival assay was used. <i>G. mellonella</i> survival was statistically different between moderate and poor biofilm producers (<i>p</i> < 0.0001). The killing effect of the strong biofilm-producing group was significantly higher than that of the moderate and poor biofilm producers (<i>p</i> < 0.0001 for each comparison). These findings highlight the role of biofilm formation as a powerful virulence factor for carbapenem-resistant <i>A. baumannii</i> that causes pneumonia in the ICU.
format	article
author	Mahmoud A. F. Khalil Fatma A. Ahmed Ahmed F. Elkhateeb Eman E. Mahmoud Mona I. Ahmed Randa I. Ahmed Amal Hosni Saad Alghamdi Ahmed Kabrah Anas S. Dablool Helal F. Hetta Sawsan S. Moawad Enas Mamdouh Hefzy
author_facet	Mahmoud A. F. Khalil Fatma A. Ahmed Ahmed F. Elkhateeb Eman E. Mahmoud Mona I. Ahmed Randa I. Ahmed Amal Hosni Saad Alghamdi Ahmed Kabrah Anas S. Dablool Helal F. Hetta Sawsan S. Moawad Enas Mamdouh Hefzy
author_sort	Mahmoud A. F. Khalil
title	Virulence Characteristics of Biofilm-Forming <i>Acinetobacter baumannii</i> in Clinical Isolates Using a <i>Galleria mellonella</i> Model
title_short	Virulence Characteristics of Biofilm-Forming <i>Acinetobacter baumannii</i> in Clinical Isolates Using a <i>Galleria mellonella</i> Model
title_full	Virulence Characteristics of Biofilm-Forming <i>Acinetobacter baumannii</i> in Clinical Isolates Using a <i>Galleria mellonella</i> Model
title_fullStr	Virulence Characteristics of Biofilm-Forming <i>Acinetobacter baumannii</i> in Clinical Isolates Using a <i>Galleria mellonella</i> Model
title_full_unstemmed	Virulence Characteristics of Biofilm-Forming <i>Acinetobacter baumannii</i> in Clinical Isolates Using a <i>Galleria mellonella</i> Model
title_sort	virulence characteristics of biofilm-forming <i>acinetobacter baumannii</i> in clinical isolates using a <i>galleria mellonella</i> model
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/c4a6a7b7c4c2433486255f490565502a
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Virulence Characteristics of Biofilm-Forming <i>Acinetobacter baumannii</i> in Clinical Isolates Using a <i>Galleria mellonella</i> Model

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