Nutritional resources of the yeast symbiont cultivated by the lizard beetle Doubledaya bucculenta in bamboos

Abstract Symbiotic fungi of wood-inhabiting insects are often considered to aid wood digestion of host insects when the associated fungi can assimilate wood-associated indigestible materials. In most cases, however, the components of wood that are utilized by fungal symbionts remain poorly understoo...

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Autores principales:	Wataru Toki, Dan Aoki
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/c4b1c7a62cc44e31adbfd957b04df5a8
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:c4b1c7a62cc44e31adbfd957b04df5a82021-12-02T19:16:54ZNutritional resources of the yeast symbiont cultivated by the lizard beetle Doubledaya bucculenta in bamboos10.1038/s41598-021-98733-y2045-2322https://doaj.org/article/c4b1c7a62cc44e31adbfd957b04df5a82021-09-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-98733-yhttps://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Symbiotic fungi of wood-inhabiting insects are often considered to aid wood digestion of host insects when the associated fungi can assimilate wood-associated indigestible materials. In most cases, however, the components of wood that are utilized by fungal symbionts remain poorly understood. The lizard beetle Doubledaya bucculenta (Coleoptera, Erotylidae, Languriinae) farms the symbiotic yeast Wickerhamomyces anomalus inside the cavity of host bamboo internodes, which serves as food for larvae. To determine the carbon sources of the internodes serving as nutritional substrates for W. anomalus, we used ion exchange chromatography measurements to analyze free and structural sugar compositions in fresh pith (FP), yeast-cultured pith (YP), and larva-reared pith (LP) of internodes. Glucose and fructose were the major free sugars in FP and markedly decreased in YP and LP. For structural sugars, no sugar significantly decreased in YP or LP compared with FP. Carbon assimilation tests showed that W. anomalus assimilated glucose, mannose, fructose, and sucrose strongly, xylose and cellobiose moderately, and xylan weakly. Elemental analysis revealed that the compositions of carbon, hydrogen, and nitrogen were not significantly different among tissue types. These results suggest that W. anomalus does not consume bamboo-associated indigestible sugars but most free sugars, mainly glucose and fructose, in the pith. Our findings suggest that a symbiont’s abilities may not always benefit its host in nature.Wataru TokiDan AokiNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-8 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Wataru Toki Dan Aoki Nutritional resources of the yeast symbiont cultivated by the lizard beetle Doubledaya bucculenta in bamboos
description	Abstract Symbiotic fungi of wood-inhabiting insects are often considered to aid wood digestion of host insects when the associated fungi can assimilate wood-associated indigestible materials. In most cases, however, the components of wood that are utilized by fungal symbionts remain poorly understood. The lizard beetle Doubledaya bucculenta (Coleoptera, Erotylidae, Languriinae) farms the symbiotic yeast Wickerhamomyces anomalus inside the cavity of host bamboo internodes, which serves as food for larvae. To determine the carbon sources of the internodes serving as nutritional substrates for W. anomalus, we used ion exchange chromatography measurements to analyze free and structural sugar compositions in fresh pith (FP), yeast-cultured pith (YP), and larva-reared pith (LP) of internodes. Glucose and fructose were the major free sugars in FP and markedly decreased in YP and LP. For structural sugars, no sugar significantly decreased in YP or LP compared with FP. Carbon assimilation tests showed that W. anomalus assimilated glucose, mannose, fructose, and sucrose strongly, xylose and cellobiose moderately, and xylan weakly. Elemental analysis revealed that the compositions of carbon, hydrogen, and nitrogen were not significantly different among tissue types. These results suggest that W. anomalus does not consume bamboo-associated indigestible sugars but most free sugars, mainly glucose and fructose, in the pith. Our findings suggest that a symbiont’s abilities may not always benefit its host in nature.
format	article
author	Wataru Toki Dan Aoki
author_facet	Wataru Toki Dan Aoki
author_sort	Wataru Toki
title	Nutritional resources of the yeast symbiont cultivated by the lizard beetle Doubledaya bucculenta in bamboos
title_short	Nutritional resources of the yeast symbiont cultivated by the lizard beetle Doubledaya bucculenta in bamboos
title_full	Nutritional resources of the yeast symbiont cultivated by the lizard beetle Doubledaya bucculenta in bamboos
title_fullStr	Nutritional resources of the yeast symbiont cultivated by the lizard beetle Doubledaya bucculenta in bamboos
title_full_unstemmed	Nutritional resources of the yeast symbiont cultivated by the lizard beetle Doubledaya bucculenta in bamboos
title_sort	nutritional resources of the yeast symbiont cultivated by the lizard beetle doubledaya bucculenta in bamboos
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/c4b1c7a62cc44e31adbfd957b04df5a8
work_keys_str_mv	AT watarutoki nutritionalresourcesoftheyeastsymbiontcultivatedbythelizardbeetledoubledayabucculentainbamboos AT danaoki nutritionalresourcesoftheyeastsymbiontcultivatedbythelizardbeetledoubledayabucculentainbamboos
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Nutritional resources of the yeast symbiont cultivated by the lizard beetle Doubledaya bucculenta in bamboos

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