Prevalence and causes of blindness, visual impairment, and cataract surgery in Timor-Leste

Marcelino Correia,1 Taraprasad Das,2,3 Julia Magno,1 Bernadette M Pereira,1 Valerio Andrade,1 Hans Limburg,4 John Trevelyan,5 Jill Keeffe,3 Nitin Verma,6 Yuddha Sapkota2 1National Eye Center, Guido Valadares National Hospital, Dili, Timor-Leste; 2International Agency for Prevention of Blindness Sou...

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Autores principales:	Correia M, Das T, Magno J, Pereira BM, Andrade V, Limburg H, Trevelyan J, Keeffe J, Verma N, Sapkota Y
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Dove Medical Press 2017
Materias:	Blindness Prevalence Timor RAAB Cataract Ophthalmology RE1-994
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/c4d18997c33e4d85ac6a492364095099
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:c4d18997c33e4d85ac6a4923640950992021-12-02T07:07:33ZPrevalence and causes of blindness, visual impairment, and cataract surgery in Timor-Leste1177-5483https://doaj.org/article/c4d18997c33e4d85ac6a4923640950992017-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.dovepress.com/prevalence-and-causes-of-blindness-visual-impairment-and-cataract-surg-peer-reviewed-article-OPTHhttps://doaj.org/toc/1177-5483Marcelino Correia,1 Taraprasad Das,2,3 Julia Magno,1 Bernadette M Pereira,1 Valerio Andrade,1 Hans Limburg,4 John Trevelyan,5 Jill Keeffe,3 Nitin Verma,6 Yuddha Sapkota2 1National Eye Center, Guido Valadares National Hospital, Dili, Timor-Leste; 2International Agency for Prevention of Blindness South East Asia Regional Office, LV Prasad Eye Institute, Banjara Hills, Hyderabad, India; 3LV Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, India; 4International Centre for Eye Health, London, UK; 5International Agency for Prevention of Blindness, London, UK; 6Ophthalmology Department, University of Tasmania and Sydney, Royal Hobart Hospital, North Hobart, TAS, Australia Purpose: To estimate the prevalence and causes of blindness and visual impairment, cataract surgical coverage (CSC), visual outcome of cataract surgery, and barriers to uptake cataract surgery in Timor-Leste.Method: In a nationwide rapid assessment of avoidable blindness (RAAB), the latest population (1,066,409) and household data were used to create a sampling frame which consists of 2,227 population units (study clusters) from all 13 districts, with populations of 450–900 per unit. The sample size of 3,350 was calculated with the assumed prevalence of blindness at 4.5% among people aged ≥50 years with a 20% tolerable error, 95% CI, and a 90% response rate. The team was trained in the survey methodology, and inter-observer variation was measured. Door-to-door visits, led by an ophthalmologist, were made in preselected study clusters, and data were collected in line with the RAAB5 survey protocol. An Android smart phone installed with mRAAB software was used for data collection.Result: The age–gender standardized prevalence of blindness, severe visual impairment, and visual impairment were 2.8%, (1.8–3.8), 1.7% (1.7–2.3), and 8.1% (6.6–9.6), respectively. Cataract was the leading cause of blindness (79.4%). Blindness was more prevalent in the older age group and in women. CSC was 41.5% in cataract blind eyes and 48.6% in cataract blind people. Good visual outcome in the cataract-operated eyes was 62% (presenting) and 75.2% (best corrected). Two important barriers to not using available cataract surgical services were accessibility (45.5%) and lack of attendants to accompany (24.8%).Conclusion: The prevalence of blindness and visual impairment in Timor-Leste remains high. CSC is unacceptably low; gender inequity in blindness and CSC exists. Lack of access is the prominent barrier to cataract surgery. Keywords: blindness, prevalence, Timor, RAAB, population based surveyCorreia MDas TMagno JPereira BMAndrade VLimburg HTrevelyan JKeeffe JVerma NSapkota YDove Medical PressarticleBlindnessPrevalenceTimorRAABCataractOphthalmologyRE1-994ENClinical Ophthalmology, Vol Volume 11, Pp 2125-2131 (2017)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Blindness Prevalence Timor RAAB Cataract Ophthalmology RE1-994
spellingShingle	Blindness Prevalence Timor RAAB Cataract Ophthalmology RE1-994 Correia M Das T Magno J Pereira BM Andrade V Limburg H Trevelyan J Keeffe J Verma N Sapkota Y Prevalence and causes of blindness, visual impairment, and cataract surgery in Timor-Leste
description	Marcelino Correia,1 Taraprasad Das,2,3 Julia Magno,1 Bernadette M Pereira,1 Valerio Andrade,1 Hans Limburg,4 John Trevelyan,5 Jill Keeffe,3 Nitin Verma,6 Yuddha Sapkota2 1National Eye Center, Guido Valadares National Hospital, Dili, Timor-Leste; 2International Agency for Prevention of Blindness South East Asia Regional Office, LV Prasad Eye Institute, Banjara Hills, Hyderabad, India; 3LV Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, India; 4International Centre for Eye Health, London, UK; 5International Agency for Prevention of Blindness, London, UK; 6Ophthalmology Department, University of Tasmania and Sydney, Royal Hobart Hospital, North Hobart, TAS, Australia Purpose: To estimate the prevalence and causes of blindness and visual impairment, cataract surgical coverage (CSC), visual outcome of cataract surgery, and barriers to uptake cataract surgery in Timor-Leste.Method: In a nationwide rapid assessment of avoidable blindness (RAAB), the latest population (1,066,409) and household data were used to create a sampling frame which consists of 2,227 population units (study clusters) from all 13 districts, with populations of 450–900 per unit. The sample size of 3,350 was calculated with the assumed prevalence of blindness at 4.5% among people aged ≥50 years with a 20% tolerable error, 95% CI, and a 90% response rate. The team was trained in the survey methodology, and inter-observer variation was measured. Door-to-door visits, led by an ophthalmologist, were made in preselected study clusters, and data were collected in line with the RAAB5 survey protocol. An Android smart phone installed with mRAAB software was used for data collection.Result: The age–gender standardized prevalence of blindness, severe visual impairment, and visual impairment were 2.8%, (1.8–3.8), 1.7% (1.7–2.3), and 8.1% (6.6–9.6), respectively. Cataract was the leading cause of blindness (79.4%). Blindness was more prevalent in the older age group and in women. CSC was 41.5% in cataract blind eyes and 48.6% in cataract blind people. Good visual outcome in the cataract-operated eyes was 62% (presenting) and 75.2% (best corrected). Two important barriers to not using available cataract surgical services were accessibility (45.5%) and lack of attendants to accompany (24.8%).Conclusion: The prevalence of blindness and visual impairment in Timor-Leste remains high. CSC is unacceptably low; gender inequity in blindness and CSC exists. Lack of access is the prominent barrier to cataract surgery. Keywords: blindness, prevalence, Timor, RAAB, population based survey
format	article
author	Correia M Das T Magno J Pereira BM Andrade V Limburg H Trevelyan J Keeffe J Verma N Sapkota Y
author_facet	Correia M Das T Magno J Pereira BM Andrade V Limburg H Trevelyan J Keeffe J Verma N Sapkota Y
author_sort	Correia M
title	Prevalence and causes of blindness, visual impairment, and cataract surgery in Timor-Leste
title_short	Prevalence and causes of blindness, visual impairment, and cataract surgery in Timor-Leste
title_full	Prevalence and causes of blindness, visual impairment, and cataract surgery in Timor-Leste
title_fullStr	Prevalence and causes of blindness, visual impairment, and cataract surgery in Timor-Leste
title_full_unstemmed	Prevalence and causes of blindness, visual impairment, and cataract surgery in Timor-Leste
title_sort	prevalence and causes of blindness, visual impairment, and cataract surgery in timor-leste
publisher	Dove Medical Press
publishDate	2017
url	https://doaj.org/article/c4d18997c33e4d85ac6a492364095099
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Prevalence and causes of blindness, visual impairment, and cataract surgery in Timor-Leste

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