Detection of Cytokines and Collectins in Bronchoalveolar Fluid Samples of Patients Infected with <i>Histoplasma capsulatum</i> and <i>Pneumocystis jirovecii</i>

Histoplasmosis and pneumocystosis co-infections have been reported mainly in immunocompromised humans and in wild animals. The immunological response to each fungal infection has been described primarily using animal models; however, the host response to concomitant infection is unknown. The present...

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Autores principales:	Laura E. Carreto-Binaghi, Eda P. Tenorio, Fernando R. Morales-Villarreal, El Moukhtar Aliouat, Edgar Zenteno, José-Arturo Martínez-Orozco, Maria-Lucia Taylor
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	<i>H. capsulatum</i> <i>P. jirovecii</i> bronchoalveolar lavage SP-A and SP-D cytokines Biology (General) QH301-705.5
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/c4d3e565eb0c4bc0904b01cabe1a1104
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:c4d3e565eb0c4bc0904b01cabe1a11042021-11-25T18:05:58ZDetection of Cytokines and Collectins in Bronchoalveolar Fluid Samples of Patients Infected with <i>Histoplasma capsulatum</i> and <i>Pneumocystis jirovecii</i>10.3390/jof71109382309-608Xhttps://doaj.org/article/c4d3e565eb0c4bc0904b01cabe1a11042021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2309-608X/7/11/938https://doaj.org/toc/2309-608XHistoplasmosis and pneumocystosis co-infections have been reported mainly in immunocompromised humans and in wild animals. The immunological response to each fungal infection has been described primarily using animal models; however, the host response to concomitant infection is unknown. The present work aimed to evaluate the pulmonary immunological response of patients with pneumonia caused either by <i>Histoplasma capsulatum</i>, <i>Pneumocystis jirovecii</i>, or their co-infection. We analyzed the pulmonary collectin and cytokine patterns of 131 bronchoalveolar lavage samples, which included HIV and non-HIV patients infected with <i>H. capsulatum</i>, <i>P. jirovecii</i>, or both fungi, as well as healthy volunteers and HIV patients without the studied fungal infections. Our results showed an increased production of the surfactant protein-A (SP-A) in non-HIV patients with <i>H. capsulatum</i> infection, contrasting with HIV patients (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Significant differences in median values of SP-A, IL-1β, TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-18, IL-17A, IL-33, IL-13, and CXCL8 were found among all the groups studied, suggesting that these cytokines play a role in the local inflammatory processes of histoplasmosis and pneumocystosis. Interestingly, non-HIV patients with co-infection and pneumocystosis alone showed lower levels of SP-A, IL-1β, TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-18, IL-17A, and IL-23 than histoplasmosis patients, suggesting an immunomodulatory ability of <i>P. jirovecii</i> over <i>H. capsulatum</i> response.Laura E. Carreto-BinaghiEda P. TenorioFernando R. Morales-VillarrealEl Moukhtar AliouatEdgar ZentenoJosé-Arturo Martínez-OrozcoMaria-Lucia TaylorMDPI AGarticle<i>H. capsulatum</i><i>P. jirovecii</i>bronchoalveolar lavageSP-A and SP-DcytokinesBiology (General)QH301-705.5ENJournal of Fungi, Vol 7, Iss 938, p 938 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	<i>H. capsulatum</i> <i>P. jirovecii</i> bronchoalveolar lavage SP-A and SP-D cytokines Biology (General) QH301-705.5
spellingShingle	<i>H. capsulatum</i> <i>P. jirovecii</i> bronchoalveolar lavage SP-A and SP-D cytokines Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Laura E. Carreto-Binaghi Eda P. Tenorio Fernando R. Morales-Villarreal El Moukhtar Aliouat Edgar Zenteno José-Arturo Martínez-Orozco Maria-Lucia Taylor Detection of Cytokines and Collectins in Bronchoalveolar Fluid Samples of Patients Infected with <i>Histoplasma capsulatum</i> and <i>Pneumocystis jirovecii</i>
description	Histoplasmosis and pneumocystosis co-infections have been reported mainly in immunocompromised humans and in wild animals. The immunological response to each fungal infection has been described primarily using animal models; however, the host response to concomitant infection is unknown. The present work aimed to evaluate the pulmonary immunological response of patients with pneumonia caused either by <i>Histoplasma capsulatum</i>, <i>Pneumocystis jirovecii</i>, or their co-infection. We analyzed the pulmonary collectin and cytokine patterns of 131 bronchoalveolar lavage samples, which included HIV and non-HIV patients infected with <i>H. capsulatum</i>, <i>P. jirovecii</i>, or both fungi, as well as healthy volunteers and HIV patients without the studied fungal infections. Our results showed an increased production of the surfactant protein-A (SP-A) in non-HIV patients with <i>H. capsulatum</i> infection, contrasting with HIV patients (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Significant differences in median values of SP-A, IL-1β, TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-18, IL-17A, IL-33, IL-13, and CXCL8 were found among all the groups studied, suggesting that these cytokines play a role in the local inflammatory processes of histoplasmosis and pneumocystosis. Interestingly, non-HIV patients with co-infection and pneumocystosis alone showed lower levels of SP-A, IL-1β, TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-18, IL-17A, and IL-23 than histoplasmosis patients, suggesting an immunomodulatory ability of <i>P. jirovecii</i> over <i>H. capsulatum</i> response.
format	article
author	Laura E. Carreto-Binaghi Eda P. Tenorio Fernando R. Morales-Villarreal El Moukhtar Aliouat Edgar Zenteno José-Arturo Martínez-Orozco Maria-Lucia Taylor
author_facet	Laura E. Carreto-Binaghi Eda P. Tenorio Fernando R. Morales-Villarreal El Moukhtar Aliouat Edgar Zenteno José-Arturo Martínez-Orozco Maria-Lucia Taylor
author_sort	Laura E. Carreto-Binaghi
title	Detection of Cytokines and Collectins in Bronchoalveolar Fluid Samples of Patients Infected with <i>Histoplasma capsulatum</i> and <i>Pneumocystis jirovecii</i>
title_short	Detection of Cytokines and Collectins in Bronchoalveolar Fluid Samples of Patients Infected with <i>Histoplasma capsulatum</i> and <i>Pneumocystis jirovecii</i>
title_full	Detection of Cytokines and Collectins in Bronchoalveolar Fluid Samples of Patients Infected with <i>Histoplasma capsulatum</i> and <i>Pneumocystis jirovecii</i>
title_fullStr	Detection of Cytokines and Collectins in Bronchoalveolar Fluid Samples of Patients Infected with <i>Histoplasma capsulatum</i> and <i>Pneumocystis jirovecii</i>
title_full_unstemmed	Detection of Cytokines and Collectins in Bronchoalveolar Fluid Samples of Patients Infected with <i>Histoplasma capsulatum</i> and <i>Pneumocystis jirovecii</i>
title_sort	detection of cytokines and collectins in bronchoalveolar fluid samples of patients infected with <i>histoplasma capsulatum</i> and <i>pneumocystis jirovecii</i>
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/c4d3e565eb0c4bc0904b01cabe1a1104
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Detection of Cytokines and Collectins in Bronchoalveolar Fluid Samples of Patients Infected with <i>Histoplasma capsulatum</i> and <i>Pneumocystis jirovecii</i>

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