Experimental Etching of Diamonds: Extrapolation to Impact Diamonds from the Popigai Crater (Russia)

Diamond etching in high-temperature ambient-pressure experiments has been performed aimed to assess possible postimpact effects on diamonds in impact craters, for the case of the Popigai crater in Yakutia (Russia). The experiments with different etchants, including various combinations of silicate m...

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Autores principales:	Valeri Sonin, Egor Zhimulev, Aleksei Chepurov, Ivan Gryaznov, Anatoly Chepurov, Valentin Afanasiev, Nikolai Pokhilenko
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	impact diamonds etching experiments crystal morphology oxidation surface graphitization Popigai impact crater Mineralogy QE351-399.2
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/c4e393d1159047668b3c985175c17c6e
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:c4e393d1159047668b3c985175c17c6e2021-11-25T18:26:27ZExperimental Etching of Diamonds: Extrapolation to Impact Diamonds from the Popigai Crater (Russia)10.3390/min111112292075-163Xhttps://doaj.org/article/c4e393d1159047668b3c985175c17c6e2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2075-163X/11/11/1229https://doaj.org/toc/2075-163XDiamond etching in high-temperature ambient-pressure experiments has been performed aimed to assess possible postimpact effects on diamonds in impact craters, for the case of the Popigai crater in Yakutia (Russia). The experiments with different etchants, including various combinations of silicate melts, air, and inert gases, demonstrated the diversity of microstructures on {111} diamond faces: negative or positive trigons, as well as hexagonal, round, or irregularly shaped etch pits and striation. The surface features obtained after etching experiments with kimberlitic diamonds are similar to those observed on natural impact diamonds with some difference due to the origin of the latter as a result of a martensitic transformation of graphite in target rocks. Extrapolated to natural impact diamonds, the experimental results lead to several inferences: (1) Diamond crystals experienced natural oxidation and surface graphitization during the pressure decrease after the impact event, while the molten target rocks remained at high temperatures. (2) Natural etching of diamonds in silicate melts is possible in a large range of oxidation states controlled by O<sub>2</sub> diffusion. (3) Impact diamonds near the surface of molten target rocks oxidized at the highest rates, whereas those within the melt were shielded from the oxidizing agents and remained unchanged.Valeri SoninEgor ZhimulevAleksei ChepurovIvan GryaznovAnatoly ChepurovValentin AfanasievNikolai PokhilenkoMDPI AGarticleimpact diamondsetching experimentscrystal morphologyoxidationsurface graphitizationPopigai impact craterMineralogyQE351-399.2ENMinerals, Vol 11, Iss 1229, p 1229 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	impact diamonds etching experiments crystal morphology oxidation surface graphitization Popigai impact crater Mineralogy QE351-399.2
spellingShingle	impact diamonds etching experiments crystal morphology oxidation surface graphitization Popigai impact crater Mineralogy QE351-399.2 Valeri Sonin Egor Zhimulev Aleksei Chepurov Ivan Gryaznov Anatoly Chepurov Valentin Afanasiev Nikolai Pokhilenko Experimental Etching of Diamonds: Extrapolation to Impact Diamonds from the Popigai Crater (Russia)
description	Diamond etching in high-temperature ambient-pressure experiments has been performed aimed to assess possible postimpact effects on diamonds in impact craters, for the case of the Popigai crater in Yakutia (Russia). The experiments with different etchants, including various combinations of silicate melts, air, and inert gases, demonstrated the diversity of microstructures on {111} diamond faces: negative or positive trigons, as well as hexagonal, round, or irregularly shaped etch pits and striation. The surface features obtained after etching experiments with kimberlitic diamonds are similar to those observed on natural impact diamonds with some difference due to the origin of the latter as a result of a martensitic transformation of graphite in target rocks. Extrapolated to natural impact diamonds, the experimental results lead to several inferences: (1) Diamond crystals experienced natural oxidation and surface graphitization during the pressure decrease after the impact event, while the molten target rocks remained at high temperatures. (2) Natural etching of diamonds in silicate melts is possible in a large range of oxidation states controlled by O<sub>2</sub> diffusion. (3) Impact diamonds near the surface of molten target rocks oxidized at the highest rates, whereas those within the melt were shielded from the oxidizing agents and remained unchanged.
format	article
author	Valeri Sonin Egor Zhimulev Aleksei Chepurov Ivan Gryaznov Anatoly Chepurov Valentin Afanasiev Nikolai Pokhilenko
author_facet	Valeri Sonin Egor Zhimulev Aleksei Chepurov Ivan Gryaznov Anatoly Chepurov Valentin Afanasiev Nikolai Pokhilenko
author_sort	Valeri Sonin
title	Experimental Etching of Diamonds: Extrapolation to Impact Diamonds from the Popigai Crater (Russia)
title_short	Experimental Etching of Diamonds: Extrapolation to Impact Diamonds from the Popigai Crater (Russia)
title_full	Experimental Etching of Diamonds: Extrapolation to Impact Diamonds from the Popigai Crater (Russia)
title_fullStr	Experimental Etching of Diamonds: Extrapolation to Impact Diamonds from the Popigai Crater (Russia)
title_full_unstemmed	Experimental Etching of Diamonds: Extrapolation to Impact Diamonds from the Popigai Crater (Russia)
title_sort	experimental etching of diamonds: extrapolation to impact diamonds from the popigai crater (russia)
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/c4e393d1159047668b3c985175c17c6e
work_keys_str_mv	AT valerisonin experimentaletchingofdiamondsextrapolationtoimpactdiamondsfromthepopigaicraterrussia AT egorzhimulev experimentaletchingofdiamondsextrapolationtoimpactdiamondsfromthepopigaicraterrussia AT alekseichepurov experimentaletchingofdiamondsextrapolationtoimpactdiamondsfromthepopigaicraterrussia AT ivangryaznov experimentaletchingofdiamondsextrapolationtoimpactdiamondsfromthepopigaicraterrussia AT anatolychepurov experimentaletchingofdiamondsextrapolationtoimpactdiamondsfromthepopigaicraterrussia AT valentinafanasiev experimentaletchingofdiamondsextrapolationtoimpactdiamondsfromthepopigaicraterrussia AT nikolaipokhilenko experimentaletchingofdiamondsextrapolationtoimpactdiamondsfromthepopigaicraterrussia
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Experimental Etching of Diamonds: Extrapolation to Impact Diamonds from the Popigai Crater (Russia)

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