Histology and μCT reveal the unique evolution and development of multiple tooth rows in the synapsid Endothiodon

Abstract Several amniote lineages independently evolved multiple rows of marginal teeth in response to the challenge of processing high fiber plant matter. Multiple tooth rows develop via alterations to tooth replacement in captorhinid reptiles and ornithischian dinosaurs, but the specific changes t...

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Autores principales:	Savannah L. Olroyd, Aaron R. H. LeBlanc, Ricardo Araújo, Kenneth D. Angielczyk, Aliénor Duhamel, Julien Benoit, Marisa Amaral
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/c538a4f1ee61481ca439ef8c5db07b0e
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:c538a4f1ee61481ca439ef8c5db07b0e2021-12-02T17:08:44ZHistology and μCT reveal the unique evolution and development of multiple tooth rows in the synapsid Endothiodon10.1038/s41598-021-95993-62045-2322https://doaj.org/article/c538a4f1ee61481ca439ef8c5db07b0e2021-08-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-95993-6https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Several amniote lineages independently evolved multiple rows of marginal teeth in response to the challenge of processing high fiber plant matter. Multiple tooth rows develop via alterations to tooth replacement in captorhinid reptiles and ornithischian dinosaurs, but the specific changes that produce this morphology differ, reflecting differences in their modes of tooth attachment. To further understand the mechanisms by which multiple tooth rows can develop, we examined this feature in Endothiodon bathystoma, a member of the only synapsid clade (Anomodontia) to evolve a multi-rowed marginal dentition. We histologically sampled Endothiodon mandibles with and without multiple tooth rows as well as single-rowed maxillae. We also segmented functional and replacement teeth in µ-CT scanned mandibles and maxillae of Endothiodon and several other anomodonts with ‘postcanine’ teeth to characterize tooth replacement in the clade. All anomodonts in our sample displayed a space around the tooth roots for a soft tissue attachment between tooth and jaw in life. Trails of alveolar bone indicate varying degrees of labial migration of teeth through ontogeny, often altering the spatial relationships of functional and replacement teeth in the upper and lower jaws. We present a model of multiple tooth row development in E. bathystoma in which labial migration of functional teeth was extensive enough to prevent resorption and replacement by newer generations of teeth. This model represents another mechanism by which multiple tooth rows evolved in amniotes. The multiple tooth rows of E. bathystoma may have provided more extensive contact between the teeth and a triturating surface on the palatine during chewing.Savannah L. OlroydAaron R. H. LeBlancRicardo AraújoKenneth D. AngielczykAliénor DuhamelJulien BenoitMarisa AmaralNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-23 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Savannah L. Olroyd Aaron R. H. LeBlanc Ricardo Araújo Kenneth D. Angielczyk Aliénor Duhamel Julien Benoit Marisa Amaral Histology and μCT reveal the unique evolution and development of multiple tooth rows in the synapsid Endothiodon
description	Abstract Several amniote lineages independently evolved multiple rows of marginal teeth in response to the challenge of processing high fiber plant matter. Multiple tooth rows develop via alterations to tooth replacement in captorhinid reptiles and ornithischian dinosaurs, but the specific changes that produce this morphology differ, reflecting differences in their modes of tooth attachment. To further understand the mechanisms by which multiple tooth rows can develop, we examined this feature in Endothiodon bathystoma, a member of the only synapsid clade (Anomodontia) to evolve a multi-rowed marginal dentition. We histologically sampled Endothiodon mandibles with and without multiple tooth rows as well as single-rowed maxillae. We also segmented functional and replacement teeth in µ-CT scanned mandibles and maxillae of Endothiodon and several other anomodonts with ‘postcanine’ teeth to characterize tooth replacement in the clade. All anomodonts in our sample displayed a space around the tooth roots for a soft tissue attachment between tooth and jaw in life. Trails of alveolar bone indicate varying degrees of labial migration of teeth through ontogeny, often altering the spatial relationships of functional and replacement teeth in the upper and lower jaws. We present a model of multiple tooth row development in E. bathystoma in which labial migration of functional teeth was extensive enough to prevent resorption and replacement by newer generations of teeth. This model represents another mechanism by which multiple tooth rows evolved in amniotes. The multiple tooth rows of E. bathystoma may have provided more extensive contact between the teeth and a triturating surface on the palatine during chewing.
format	article
author	Savannah L. Olroyd Aaron R. H. LeBlanc Ricardo Araújo Kenneth D. Angielczyk Aliénor Duhamel Julien Benoit Marisa Amaral
author_facet	Savannah L. Olroyd Aaron R. H. LeBlanc Ricardo Araújo Kenneth D. Angielczyk Aliénor Duhamel Julien Benoit Marisa Amaral
author_sort	Savannah L. Olroyd
title	Histology and μCT reveal the unique evolution and development of multiple tooth rows in the synapsid Endothiodon
title_short	Histology and μCT reveal the unique evolution and development of multiple tooth rows in the synapsid Endothiodon
title_full	Histology and μCT reveal the unique evolution and development of multiple tooth rows in the synapsid Endothiodon
title_fullStr	Histology and μCT reveal the unique evolution and development of multiple tooth rows in the synapsid Endothiodon
title_full_unstemmed	Histology and μCT reveal the unique evolution and development of multiple tooth rows in the synapsid Endothiodon
title_sort	histology and μct reveal the unique evolution and development of multiple tooth rows in the synapsid endothiodon
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/c538a4f1ee61481ca439ef8c5db07b0e
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Histology and μCT reveal the unique evolution and development of multiple tooth rows in the synapsid Endothiodon

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