Bacterial death and TRADD-N domains help define novel apoptosis and immunity mechanisms shared by prokaryotes and metazoans

Several homologous domains are shared by eukaryotic immunity and programmed cell-death systems and poorly understood bacterial proteins. Recent studies show these to be components of a network of highly regulated systems connecting apoptotic processes to counter-invader immunity, in prokaryotes with...

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Autores principales:	Gurmeet Kaur, Lakshminarayan M Iyer, A Maxwell Burroughs, L Aravind
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	eLife Sciences Publications Ltd 2021
Materias:	biological conflicts immunity multicellularity bacteria apoptosis marine animals Medicine R Science Q Biology (General) QH301-705.5
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/c54f39a734f74d12b4fc619c2cc36e8f
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:c54f39a734f74d12b4fc619c2cc36e8f2021-12-01T10:56:46ZBacterial death and TRADD-N domains help define novel apoptosis and immunity mechanisms shared by prokaryotes and metazoans10.7554/eLife.703942050-084Xe70394https://doaj.org/article/c54f39a734f74d12b4fc619c2cc36e8f2021-06-01T00:00:00Zhttps://elifesciences.org/articles/70394https://doaj.org/toc/2050-084XSeveral homologous domains are shared by eukaryotic immunity and programmed cell-death systems and poorly understood bacterial proteins. Recent studies show these to be components of a network of highly regulated systems connecting apoptotic processes to counter-invader immunity, in prokaryotes with a multicellular habit. However, the provenance of key adaptor domains, namely those of the Death-like and TRADD-N superfamilies, a quintessential feature of metazoan apoptotic systems, remained murky. Here, we use sensitive sequence analysis and comparative genomics methods to identify unambiguous bacterial homologs of the Death-like and TRADD-N superfamilies. We show the former to have arisen as part of a radiation of effector-associated α-helical adaptor domains that likely mediate homotypic interactions bringing together diverse effector and signaling domains in predicted bacterial apoptosis- and counter-invader systems. Similarly, we show that the TRADD-N domain defines a key, widespread signaling bridge that links effector deployment to invader-sensing in multicellular bacterial and metazoan counter-invader systems. TRADD-N domains are expanded in aggregating marine invertebrates and point to distinctive diversifying immune strategies probably directed both at RNA and retroviruses and cellular pathogens that might infect such communities. These TRADD-N and Death-like domains helped identify several new bacterial and metazoan counter-invader systems featuring underappreciated, common functional principles: the use of intracellular invader-sensing lectin-like (NPCBM and FGS), transcription elongation GreA/B-C, glycosyltransferase-4 family, inactive NTPase (serving as nucleic acid receptors), and invader-sensing GTPase switch domains. Finally, these findings point to the possibility of multicellular bacteria-stem metazoan symbiosis in the emergence of the immune/apoptotic systems of the latter.Gurmeet KaurLakshminarayan M IyerA Maxwell BurroughsL AravindeLife Sciences Publications Ltdarticlebiological conflictsimmunitymulticellularitybacteriaapoptosismarine animalsMedicineRScienceQBiology (General)QH301-705.5ENeLife, Vol 10 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	biological conflicts immunity multicellularity bacteria apoptosis marine animals Medicine R Science Q Biology (General) QH301-705.5
spellingShingle	biological conflicts immunity multicellularity bacteria apoptosis marine animals Medicine R Science Q Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Gurmeet Kaur Lakshminarayan M Iyer A Maxwell Burroughs L Aravind Bacterial death and TRADD-N domains help define novel apoptosis and immunity mechanisms shared by prokaryotes and metazoans
description	Several homologous domains are shared by eukaryotic immunity and programmed cell-death systems and poorly understood bacterial proteins. Recent studies show these to be components of a network of highly regulated systems connecting apoptotic processes to counter-invader immunity, in prokaryotes with a multicellular habit. However, the provenance of key adaptor domains, namely those of the Death-like and TRADD-N superfamilies, a quintessential feature of metazoan apoptotic systems, remained murky. Here, we use sensitive sequence analysis and comparative genomics methods to identify unambiguous bacterial homologs of the Death-like and TRADD-N superfamilies. We show the former to have arisen as part of a radiation of effector-associated α-helical adaptor domains that likely mediate homotypic interactions bringing together diverse effector and signaling domains in predicted bacterial apoptosis- and counter-invader systems. Similarly, we show that the TRADD-N domain defines a key, widespread signaling bridge that links effector deployment to invader-sensing in multicellular bacterial and metazoan counter-invader systems. TRADD-N domains are expanded in aggregating marine invertebrates and point to distinctive diversifying immune strategies probably directed both at RNA and retroviruses and cellular pathogens that might infect such communities. These TRADD-N and Death-like domains helped identify several new bacterial and metazoan counter-invader systems featuring underappreciated, common functional principles: the use of intracellular invader-sensing lectin-like (NPCBM and FGS), transcription elongation GreA/B-C, glycosyltransferase-4 family, inactive NTPase (serving as nucleic acid receptors), and invader-sensing GTPase switch domains. Finally, these findings point to the possibility of multicellular bacteria-stem metazoan symbiosis in the emergence of the immune/apoptotic systems of the latter.
format	article
author	Gurmeet Kaur Lakshminarayan M Iyer A Maxwell Burroughs L Aravind
author_facet	Gurmeet Kaur Lakshminarayan M Iyer A Maxwell Burroughs L Aravind
author_sort	Gurmeet Kaur
title	Bacterial death and TRADD-N domains help define novel apoptosis and immunity mechanisms shared by prokaryotes and metazoans
title_short	Bacterial death and TRADD-N domains help define novel apoptosis and immunity mechanisms shared by prokaryotes and metazoans
title_full	Bacterial death and TRADD-N domains help define novel apoptosis and immunity mechanisms shared by prokaryotes and metazoans
title_fullStr	Bacterial death and TRADD-N domains help define novel apoptosis and immunity mechanisms shared by prokaryotes and metazoans
title_full_unstemmed	Bacterial death and TRADD-N domains help define novel apoptosis and immunity mechanisms shared by prokaryotes and metazoans
title_sort	bacterial death and tradd-n domains help define novel apoptosis and immunity mechanisms shared by prokaryotes and metazoans
publisher	eLife Sciences Publications Ltd
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/c54f39a734f74d12b4fc619c2cc36e8f
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Bacterial death and TRADD-N domains help define novel apoptosis and immunity mechanisms shared by prokaryotes and metazoans

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