Concentrations of macronutrients, minerals and heavy metals in home-prepared diets for adult dogs and cats

Abstract Pet owners often don’t acknowledge the need for home-prepared diet formulation by a trained professional and may use recipes from sources such as the internet. Macronutrient and mineral composition of home-prepared diets were analyzed and compared to NRC and FEDIAF recommendations, and heav...

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Autores principales:	Vivian Pedrinelli, Rafael Vessecchi Amorim Zafalon, Roberta Bueno Ayres Rodrigues, Mariana Pamplona Perini, Renata Maria Consentino Conti, Thiago Henrique Annibale Vendramini, Júlio César de Carvalho Balieiro, Márcio Antonio Brunetto
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2019
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/c55d1ef9b0c54d2b9b1684a576d8b64b
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:c55d1ef9b0c54d2b9b1684a576d8b64b2021-12-02T15:08:58ZConcentrations of macronutrients, minerals and heavy metals in home-prepared diets for adult dogs and cats10.1038/s41598-019-49087-z2045-2322https://doaj.org/article/c55d1ef9b0c54d2b9b1684a576d8b64b2019-09-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-49087-zhttps://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Pet owners often don’t acknowledge the need for home-prepared diet formulation by a trained professional and may use recipes from sources such as the internet. Macronutrient and mineral composition of home-prepared diets were analyzed and compared to NRC and FEDIAF recommendations, and heavy metal concentrations were analyzed and compared to FDA maximum tolerable levels (MTL) for dogs and cats. Recipes of home-prepared diets for adult dogs (n = 75) and cats (n = 25) were evaluated. Analyses of protein, fat, and fiber were performed according to AOAC, and mineral and heavy metal analyses were performed using inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES). None of the diets supplied recommended levels of all nutrients evaluated, and more than 84.0% of diets presented three or more nutrients below recommendations. Nutrients with most levels below recommendations were calcium and potassium in recipes for dogs and iron and zinc in recipes for cats. As for heavy metals, levels of lead, cobalt, mercury, uranium, and vanadium were above MTLs. Results suggest that home-prepared diets may be a health risk to dogs and cats if not properly formulated. Furthermore, the chronic heavy metal intake must be better elucidated in order to understand the full impact of results.Vivian PedrinelliRafael Vessecchi Amorim ZafalonRoberta Bueno Ayres RodriguesMariana Pamplona PeriniRenata Maria Consentino ContiThiago Henrique Annibale VendraminiJúlio César de Carvalho BalieiroMárcio Antonio BrunettoNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 9, Iss 1, Pp 1-12 (2019)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Vivian Pedrinelli Rafael Vessecchi Amorim Zafalon Roberta Bueno Ayres Rodrigues Mariana Pamplona Perini Renata Maria Consentino Conti Thiago Henrique Annibale Vendramini Júlio César de Carvalho Balieiro Márcio Antonio Brunetto Concentrations of macronutrients, minerals and heavy metals in home-prepared diets for adult dogs and cats
description	Abstract Pet owners often don’t acknowledge the need for home-prepared diet formulation by a trained professional and may use recipes from sources such as the internet. Macronutrient and mineral composition of home-prepared diets were analyzed and compared to NRC and FEDIAF recommendations, and heavy metal concentrations were analyzed and compared to FDA maximum tolerable levels (MTL) for dogs and cats. Recipes of home-prepared diets for adult dogs (n = 75) and cats (n = 25) were evaluated. Analyses of protein, fat, and fiber were performed according to AOAC, and mineral and heavy metal analyses were performed using inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES). None of the diets supplied recommended levels of all nutrients evaluated, and more than 84.0% of diets presented three or more nutrients below recommendations. Nutrients with most levels below recommendations were calcium and potassium in recipes for dogs and iron and zinc in recipes for cats. As for heavy metals, levels of lead, cobalt, mercury, uranium, and vanadium were above MTLs. Results suggest that home-prepared diets may be a health risk to dogs and cats if not properly formulated. Furthermore, the chronic heavy metal intake must be better elucidated in order to understand the full impact of results.
format	article
author	Vivian Pedrinelli Rafael Vessecchi Amorim Zafalon Roberta Bueno Ayres Rodrigues Mariana Pamplona Perini Renata Maria Consentino Conti Thiago Henrique Annibale Vendramini Júlio César de Carvalho Balieiro Márcio Antonio Brunetto
author_facet	Vivian Pedrinelli Rafael Vessecchi Amorim Zafalon Roberta Bueno Ayres Rodrigues Mariana Pamplona Perini Renata Maria Consentino Conti Thiago Henrique Annibale Vendramini Júlio César de Carvalho Balieiro Márcio Antonio Brunetto
author_sort	Vivian Pedrinelli
title	Concentrations of macronutrients, minerals and heavy metals in home-prepared diets for adult dogs and cats
title_short	Concentrations of macronutrients, minerals and heavy metals in home-prepared diets for adult dogs and cats
title_full	Concentrations of macronutrients, minerals and heavy metals in home-prepared diets for adult dogs and cats
title_fullStr	Concentrations of macronutrients, minerals and heavy metals in home-prepared diets for adult dogs and cats
title_full_unstemmed	Concentrations of macronutrients, minerals and heavy metals in home-prepared diets for adult dogs and cats
title_sort	concentrations of macronutrients, minerals and heavy metals in home-prepared diets for adult dogs and cats
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2019
url	https://doaj.org/article/c55d1ef9b0c54d2b9b1684a576d8b64b
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Concentrations of macronutrients, minerals and heavy metals in home-prepared diets for adult dogs and cats

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