Deciphering Main Climate and Edaphic Components Driving Oat Adaptation to Mediterranean Environments

Oat, Avena sativa, is an important crop traditionally grown in cool-temperate regions. However, its cultivated area in the Mediterranean rim steadily increased during the last 20 years due to its good adaptation to a wide range of soils. Nevertheless, under Mediterranean cultivation conditions, oats...

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Autores principales:	Francisco J. Canales, Gracia Montilla-Bascón, Luis M. Gallego-Sánchez, Fernando Flores, Nicolas Rispail, Elena Prats
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:	adaptation Mediterranean climate genotype × environment interaction variation partitioning Oat (A. sativa L.) landrace Plant culture SB1-1110
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/c57557df0d9e464ea96572c68a1ef9d0
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:c57557df0d9e464ea96572c68a1ef9d02021-12-01T08:04:10ZDeciphering Main Climate and Edaphic Components Driving Oat Adaptation to Mediterranean Environments1664-462X10.3389/fpls.2021.780562https://doaj.org/article/c57557df0d9e464ea96572c68a1ef9d02021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2021.780562/fullhttps://doaj.org/toc/1664-462XOat, Avena sativa, is an important crop traditionally grown in cool-temperate regions. However, its cultivated area in the Mediterranean rim steadily increased during the last 20 years due to its good adaptation to a wide range of soils. Nevertheless, under Mediterranean cultivation conditions, oats have to face high temperatures and drought episodes that reduce its yield as compared with northern regions. Therefore, oat crop needs to be improved for adaptation to Mediterranean environments. In this work, we investigated the influence of climatic and edaphic variables on a collection of 709 Mediterranean landraces and cultivars growing under Mediterranean conditions. We performed genotype–environment interaction analysis using heritability-adjusted genotype plus genotype–environment biplot analyses to determine the best performing accessions. Further, their local adaptation to different environmental variables and the partial contribution of climate and edaphic factors to the different agronomic traits was determined through canonical correspondence, redundancy analysis, and variation partitioning. Here, we show that northern bred elite cultivars were not among the best performing accessions in Mediterranean environments, with several landraces outyielding these. While all the best performing cultivars had early flowering, this was not the case for all the best performing landraces, which showed different patterns of adaption to Mediterranean agroclimatic conditions. Thus, higher yielding landraces showed adaptation to moderate to low levels of rain during pre- and post-flowering periods and moderate to high temperature and radiation during post-flowering period. This analysis also highlights landraces adapted to more extreme environmental conditions. The study allowed the selection of oat genotypes adapted to different climate and edaphic factors, reducing undesired effect of environmental variables on agronomic traits and highlights the usefulness of variation partitioning for selecting genotypes adapted to specific climate and edaphic conditions.Francisco J. CanalesGracia Montilla-BascónLuis M. Gallego-SánchezFernando FloresNicolas RispailElena PratsFrontiers Media S.A.articleadaptationMediterranean climategenotype × environment interactionvariation partitioningOat (A. sativa L.)landracePlant cultureSB1-1110ENFrontiers in Plant Science, Vol 12 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	adaptation Mediterranean climate genotype × environment interaction variation partitioning Oat (A. sativa L.) landrace Plant culture SB1-1110
spellingShingle	adaptation Mediterranean climate genotype × environment interaction variation partitioning Oat (A. sativa L.) landrace Plant culture SB1-1110 Francisco J. Canales Gracia Montilla-Bascón Luis M. Gallego-Sánchez Fernando Flores Nicolas Rispail Elena Prats Deciphering Main Climate and Edaphic Components Driving Oat Adaptation to Mediterranean Environments
description	Oat, Avena sativa, is an important crop traditionally grown in cool-temperate regions. However, its cultivated area in the Mediterranean rim steadily increased during the last 20 years due to its good adaptation to a wide range of soils. Nevertheless, under Mediterranean cultivation conditions, oats have to face high temperatures and drought episodes that reduce its yield as compared with northern regions. Therefore, oat crop needs to be improved for adaptation to Mediterranean environments. In this work, we investigated the influence of climatic and edaphic variables on a collection of 709 Mediterranean landraces and cultivars growing under Mediterranean conditions. We performed genotype–environment interaction analysis using heritability-adjusted genotype plus genotype–environment biplot analyses to determine the best performing accessions. Further, their local adaptation to different environmental variables and the partial contribution of climate and edaphic factors to the different agronomic traits was determined through canonical correspondence, redundancy analysis, and variation partitioning. Here, we show that northern bred elite cultivars were not among the best performing accessions in Mediterranean environments, with several landraces outyielding these. While all the best performing cultivars had early flowering, this was not the case for all the best performing landraces, which showed different patterns of adaption to Mediterranean agroclimatic conditions. Thus, higher yielding landraces showed adaptation to moderate to low levels of rain during pre- and post-flowering periods and moderate to high temperature and radiation during post-flowering period. This analysis also highlights landraces adapted to more extreme environmental conditions. The study allowed the selection of oat genotypes adapted to different climate and edaphic factors, reducing undesired effect of environmental variables on agronomic traits and highlights the usefulness of variation partitioning for selecting genotypes adapted to specific climate and edaphic conditions.
format	article
author	Francisco J. Canales Gracia Montilla-Bascón Luis M. Gallego-Sánchez Fernando Flores Nicolas Rispail Elena Prats
author_facet	Francisco J. Canales Gracia Montilla-Bascón Luis M. Gallego-Sánchez Fernando Flores Nicolas Rispail Elena Prats
author_sort	Francisco J. Canales
title	Deciphering Main Climate and Edaphic Components Driving Oat Adaptation to Mediterranean Environments
title_short	Deciphering Main Climate and Edaphic Components Driving Oat Adaptation to Mediterranean Environments
title_full	Deciphering Main Climate and Edaphic Components Driving Oat Adaptation to Mediterranean Environments
title_fullStr	Deciphering Main Climate and Edaphic Components Driving Oat Adaptation to Mediterranean Environments
title_full_unstemmed	Deciphering Main Climate and Edaphic Components Driving Oat Adaptation to Mediterranean Environments
title_sort	deciphering main climate and edaphic components driving oat adaptation to mediterranean environments
publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/c57557df0d9e464ea96572c68a1ef9d0
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Deciphering Main Climate and Edaphic Components Driving Oat Adaptation to Mediterranean Environments

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