La mesure de l’urbanisation aux Etats-Unis, des premiers comptoirs coloniaux aux Metropolitan Areas (1790-2000)

We describe here an original methodology for building a harmonized data base relative to urban populations in United States, from 1790 to 2000 (one point every 10 years, i.e. 22 dates). This method is based on two theoretical principles. The first one consists in the use of a space-time referential...

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Autores principales:	Anne Bretagnolle, Timothée Giraud, Hélène Mathian
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	DE EN FR IT PT
Publicado:	Unité Mixte de Recherche 8504 Géographie-cités 2008
Materias:	urban delineation city agglomeration metropolitan areas space-time referential database Geography (General) G1-922
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/c590f5c2eb3b474dab51891b4e31ac3a
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id	oai:doaj.org-article:c590f5c2eb3b474dab51891b4e31ac3a
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:c590f5c2eb3b474dab51891b4e31ac3a2021-12-02T11:09:45ZLa mesure de l’urbanisation aux Etats-Unis, des premiers comptoirs coloniaux aux Metropolitan Areas (1790-2000)1278-336610.4000/cybergeo.19683https://doaj.org/article/c590f5c2eb3b474dab51891b4e31ac3a2008-07-01T00:00:00Zhttp://journals.openedition.org/cybergeo/19683https://doaj.org/toc/1278-3366We describe here an original methodology for building a harmonized data base relative to urban populations in United States, from 1790 to 2000 (one point every 10 years, i.e. 22 dates). This method is based on two theoretical principles. The first one consists in the use of a space-time referential in order to build agglomerations, by aggregating cities or towns from 1870 (inside a one-hour limit at each period of time). The second consists in the use of a functional approach of urban entities as early as possible, i.e. from 1940 and on. We have two different types of functional areas in our data base, metropolitan and micropolitan. The metropolitan areas definition has changed several times (Standard Metropolitain Areas in 1949, Standard Metropolitan Statistical Areas in 1958 and Statistical Metropolitan Areas in 1983). We elaborate different criteria to correct some perimeters, in order to obtain a temporal coherent trajectory of populations and surfaces. As these metropolitan areas are very few (less than 400 in the 2000 census), we use the definition of micropolitan areas (given in 2000 by the Census Board) to build such areas in prior decades, up to 1940. The different maps that are built from our harmonized data base (urban frontier, urban patterns and surfaces) give a global and coherent vision of U.S urbanization through the last two centuries. Lastly, we compare urban growth and inequality size indicators computed with our data base to others computed with the Census definition or with other data bases built by researchers. The results are sometimes very different, which confirm the major impact of the delineation methodology in urban growth measures.Anne BretagnolleTimothée GiraudHélène MathianUnité Mixte de Recherche 8504 Géographie-citésarticleurban delineationcityagglomerationmetropolitan areasspace-time referentialdatabaseGeography (General)G1-922DEENFRITPTCybergeo (2008)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	DE EN FR IT PT
topic	urban delineation city agglomeration metropolitan areas space-time referential database Geography (General) G1-922
spellingShingle	urban delineation city agglomeration metropolitan areas space-time referential database Geography (General) G1-922 Anne Bretagnolle Timothée Giraud Hélène Mathian La mesure de l’urbanisation aux Etats-Unis, des premiers comptoirs coloniaux aux Metropolitan Areas (1790-2000)
description	We describe here an original methodology for building a harmonized data base relative to urban populations in United States, from 1790 to 2000 (one point every 10 years, i.e. 22 dates). This method is based on two theoretical principles. The first one consists in the use of a space-time referential in order to build agglomerations, by aggregating cities or towns from 1870 (inside a one-hour limit at each period of time). The second consists in the use of a functional approach of urban entities as early as possible, i.e. from 1940 and on. We have two different types of functional areas in our data base, metropolitan and micropolitan. The metropolitan areas definition has changed several times (Standard Metropolitain Areas in 1949, Standard Metropolitan Statistical Areas in 1958 and Statistical Metropolitan Areas in 1983). We elaborate different criteria to correct some perimeters, in order to obtain a temporal coherent trajectory of populations and surfaces. As these metropolitan areas are very few (less than 400 in the 2000 census), we use the definition of micropolitan areas (given in 2000 by the Census Board) to build such areas in prior decades, up to 1940. The different maps that are built from our harmonized data base (urban frontier, urban patterns and surfaces) give a global and coherent vision of U.S urbanization through the last two centuries. Lastly, we compare urban growth and inequality size indicators computed with our data base to others computed with the Census definition or with other data bases built by researchers. The results are sometimes very different, which confirm the major impact of the delineation methodology in urban growth measures.
format	article
author	Anne Bretagnolle Timothée Giraud Hélène Mathian
author_facet	Anne Bretagnolle Timothée Giraud Hélène Mathian
author_sort	Anne Bretagnolle
title	La mesure de l’urbanisation aux Etats-Unis, des premiers comptoirs coloniaux aux Metropolitan Areas (1790-2000)
title_short	La mesure de l’urbanisation aux Etats-Unis, des premiers comptoirs coloniaux aux Metropolitan Areas (1790-2000)
title_full	La mesure de l’urbanisation aux Etats-Unis, des premiers comptoirs coloniaux aux Metropolitan Areas (1790-2000)
title_fullStr	La mesure de l’urbanisation aux Etats-Unis, des premiers comptoirs coloniaux aux Metropolitan Areas (1790-2000)
title_full_unstemmed	La mesure de l’urbanisation aux Etats-Unis, des premiers comptoirs coloniaux aux Metropolitan Areas (1790-2000)
title_sort	la mesure de l’urbanisation aux etats-unis, des premiers comptoirs coloniaux aux metropolitan areas (1790-2000)
publisher	Unité Mixte de Recherche 8504 Géographie-cités
publishDate	2008
url	https://doaj.org/article/c590f5c2eb3b474dab51891b4e31ac3a
work_keys_str_mv	AT annebretagnolle lamesuredelurbanisationauxetatsunisdespremierscomptoirscoloniauxauxmetropolitanareas17902000 AT timotheegiraud lamesuredelurbanisationauxetatsunisdespremierscomptoirscoloniauxauxmetropolitanareas17902000 AT helenemathian lamesuredelurbanisationauxetatsunisdespremierscomptoirscoloniauxauxmetropolitanareas17902000
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La mesure de l’urbanisation aux Etats-Unis, des premiers comptoirs coloniaux aux Metropolitan Areas (1790-2000)

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