Non-attitudinal and non-knowledge based factors constrain households from translating good nutritional knowledge and attitude to achieve the WHO recommended minimum intake level for fruits and vegetables in a developing country setting: evidence from Gulu district, Uganda

Abstract Background The high level of incidence of mortality attributed to non-communicable diseases such as cancer, diabetes and hypertension being experienced in developing countries requires concerted effort on investment in strategies that can reduce the risks of development of such diseases. Fr...

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Autores principales:	Benjamin Kenyi Bendere Lomira, Prossy Nassanga, Daniel Micheal Okello, Duncan Ongeng
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	BMC 2021
Materias:	Attitude Knowledge Fruits Vegetables Consumption Nutrition. Foods and food supply TX341-641 Food processing and manufacture TP368-456 Medicine (General) R5-920
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/c592218bb76e48c6af44a852f6f60454
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:c592218bb76e48c6af44a852f6f604542021-11-14T12:15:39ZNon-attitudinal and non-knowledge based factors constrain households from translating good nutritional knowledge and attitude to achieve the WHO recommended minimum intake level for fruits and vegetables in a developing country setting: evidence from Gulu district, Uganda10.1186/s40795-021-00469-52055-0928https://doaj.org/article/c592218bb76e48c6af44a852f6f604542021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1186/s40795-021-00469-5https://doaj.org/toc/2055-0928Abstract Background The high level of incidence of mortality attributed to non-communicable diseases such as cancer, diabetes and hypertension being experienced in developing countries requires concerted effort on investment in strategies that can reduce the risks of development of such diseases. Fruits and vegetables (FV) contain natural bioactive compounds, and if consumed at or above 400 g per day (RDMIL) as recommended by World Health Organization (WHO) is believed to contribute to reduced risk of development of such diseases. The objective of this study was to determine in a developing country set-up, the extent to which rural and urban households conform to RDMIL, the status of nutritional attitude (NA) and knowledge (NK) associated with consumption of FV, and to delineate non-attitudinal and non-knowledge-based factors (NANK) that hinder achievement of RDMIL. Method A cross-sectional survey of 400 randomly selected households and 16 focus group discussions (FGD) were conducted using Gulu district of Uganda as a microcosm for a developing country setting. Level of consumption of FV was assessed using 24-h dietary recall and compared to RDMIL as a fraction (%). The status of NK and NA were determined using sets of closed-ended questions anchored on a three-point Likert scale. Further quantitative statistical analyses were conducted using t-test, chi-square, Pearson’s correlation and multiple linear regression. FGD provided data on NANK factors and were analysed using qualitative content analysis procedure. Results Urban and rural inhabitants met up to 72.0 and 62.4% of the RMDIL, respectively, with absolute intake being higher among urban than rural households by 37.54 g. NK and NA were good but the intensity of NK was higher among urban respondents by 11%. RDMIL was positively correlated with NA while socio-demographic predictors of RDMIL varied with household location. FGD revealed that primary agricultural production constraints, market limitations, postharvest management limitations, health concerns, social discomfort and environmental policy restrictions were the major NANK factors that hindered achievement of the RDMIL. Conclusions These results indicate that NANK factors constrain households from translating good NA and NK to achieve the RMDIL.Benjamin Kenyi Bendere LomiraProssy NassangaDaniel Micheal OkelloDuncan OngengBMCarticleAttitudeKnowledgeFruitsVegetablesConsumptionNutrition. Foods and food supplyTX341-641Food processing and manufactureTP368-456Medicine (General)R5-920ENBMC Nutrition, Vol 7, Iss 1, Pp 1-16 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Attitude Knowledge Fruits Vegetables Consumption Nutrition. Foods and food supply TX341-641 Food processing and manufacture TP368-456 Medicine (General) R5-920
spellingShingle	Attitude Knowledge Fruits Vegetables Consumption Nutrition. Foods and food supply TX341-641 Food processing and manufacture TP368-456 Medicine (General) R5-920 Benjamin Kenyi Bendere Lomira Prossy Nassanga Daniel Micheal Okello Duncan Ongeng Non-attitudinal and non-knowledge based factors constrain households from translating good nutritional knowledge and attitude to achieve the WHO recommended minimum intake level for fruits and vegetables in a developing country setting: evidence from Gulu district, Uganda
description	Abstract Background The high level of incidence of mortality attributed to non-communicable diseases such as cancer, diabetes and hypertension being experienced in developing countries requires concerted effort on investment in strategies that can reduce the risks of development of such diseases. Fruits and vegetables (FV) contain natural bioactive compounds, and if consumed at or above 400 g per day (RDMIL) as recommended by World Health Organization (WHO) is believed to contribute to reduced risk of development of such diseases. The objective of this study was to determine in a developing country set-up, the extent to which rural and urban households conform to RDMIL, the status of nutritional attitude (NA) and knowledge (NK) associated with consumption of FV, and to delineate non-attitudinal and non-knowledge-based factors (NANK) that hinder achievement of RDMIL. Method A cross-sectional survey of 400 randomly selected households and 16 focus group discussions (FGD) were conducted using Gulu district of Uganda as a microcosm for a developing country setting. Level of consumption of FV was assessed using 24-h dietary recall and compared to RDMIL as a fraction (%). The status of NK and NA were determined using sets of closed-ended questions anchored on a three-point Likert scale. Further quantitative statistical analyses were conducted using t-test, chi-square, Pearson’s correlation and multiple linear regression. FGD provided data on NANK factors and were analysed using qualitative content analysis procedure. Results Urban and rural inhabitants met up to 72.0 and 62.4% of the RMDIL, respectively, with absolute intake being higher among urban than rural households by 37.54 g. NK and NA were good but the intensity of NK was higher among urban respondents by 11%. RDMIL was positively correlated with NA while socio-demographic predictors of RDMIL varied with household location. FGD revealed that primary agricultural production constraints, market limitations, postharvest management limitations, health concerns, social discomfort and environmental policy restrictions were the major NANK factors that hindered achievement of the RDMIL. Conclusions These results indicate that NANK factors constrain households from translating good NA and NK to achieve the RMDIL.
format	article
author	Benjamin Kenyi Bendere Lomira Prossy Nassanga Daniel Micheal Okello Duncan Ongeng
author_facet	Benjamin Kenyi Bendere Lomira Prossy Nassanga Daniel Micheal Okello Duncan Ongeng
author_sort	Benjamin Kenyi Bendere Lomira
title	Non-attitudinal and non-knowledge based factors constrain households from translating good nutritional knowledge and attitude to achieve the WHO recommended minimum intake level for fruits and vegetables in a developing country setting: evidence from Gulu district, Uganda
title_short	Non-attitudinal and non-knowledge based factors constrain households from translating good nutritional knowledge and attitude to achieve the WHO recommended minimum intake level for fruits and vegetables in a developing country setting: evidence from Gulu district, Uganda
title_full	Non-attitudinal and non-knowledge based factors constrain households from translating good nutritional knowledge and attitude to achieve the WHO recommended minimum intake level for fruits and vegetables in a developing country setting: evidence from Gulu district, Uganda
title_fullStr	Non-attitudinal and non-knowledge based factors constrain households from translating good nutritional knowledge and attitude to achieve the WHO recommended minimum intake level for fruits and vegetables in a developing country setting: evidence from Gulu district, Uganda
title_full_unstemmed	Non-attitudinal and non-knowledge based factors constrain households from translating good nutritional knowledge and attitude to achieve the WHO recommended minimum intake level for fruits and vegetables in a developing country setting: evidence from Gulu district, Uganda
title_sort	non-attitudinal and non-knowledge based factors constrain households from translating good nutritional knowledge and attitude to achieve the who recommended minimum intake level for fruits and vegetables in a developing country setting: evidence from gulu district, uganda
publisher	BMC
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/c592218bb76e48c6af44a852f6f60454
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Non-attitudinal and non-knowledge based factors constrain households from translating good nutritional knowledge and attitude to achieve the WHO recommended minimum intake level for fruits and vegetables in a developing country setting: evidence from Gulu district, Uganda

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