Establishing Operational Norms for Labor Rights Standards Implementation in Low-Cost Apparel Production

Low-cost production has driven many global apparel brands and retailers to source apparel from less developed countries. However, low-cost apparel production is often accompanied by labor rights violations. A persistent pattern of labor rights violations exists in the global apparel supply chains, i...

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Autores principales:	Rejaul Hasan, Marguerite Moore, Robert Handfield
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	apparel production labor rights standards Delphi minimum cost safe factory Environmental effects of industries and plants TD194-195 Renewable energy sources TJ807-830 Environmental sciences GE1-350
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/c592a5b17bc942d797cd23a294adae88
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:c592a5b17bc942d797cd23a294adae882021-11-11T19:44:58ZEstablishing Operational Norms for Labor Rights Standards Implementation in Low-Cost Apparel Production10.3390/su1321121202071-1050https://doaj.org/article/c592a5b17bc942d797cd23a294adae882021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/13/21/12120https://doaj.org/toc/2071-1050Low-cost production has driven many global apparel brands and retailers to source apparel from less developed countries. However, low-cost apparel production is often accompanied by labor rights violations. A persistent pattern of labor rights violations exists in the global apparel supply chains, including minimum wage violations, unpaid overtime, forced overtime, worker abuse, restricting workers’ unions, and many other violations. Research suggests that low-cost pressures restrict factory level resources, which often leads to labor rights violations in global apparel supply chains. To date, academics and practitioners remain unaware of the actual cost of implementing labor rights standards in factories. We sought to establish a baseline taxonomy of the fundamental cost-bearing activities required to provide a safe and ethical factory workplace. A Delphi survey was adopted to capture data from an expert group of experienced factory compliance auditors in Asian apparel production. The research provides practical insights for factory adoption of actions that can improve enforcement of multiple labor standards, as well as specific actions required to enforce unique requirements that arose in our analysis.Rejaul HasanMarguerite MooreRobert HandfieldMDPI AGarticleapparelproductionlabor rights standardsDelphiminimum costsafe factoryEnvironmental effects of industries and plantsTD194-195Renewable energy sourcesTJ807-830Environmental sciencesGE1-350ENSustainability, Vol 13, Iss 12120, p 12120 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	apparel production labor rights standards Delphi minimum cost safe factory Environmental effects of industries and plants TD194-195 Renewable energy sources TJ807-830 Environmental sciences GE1-350
spellingShingle	apparel production labor rights standards Delphi minimum cost safe factory Environmental effects of industries and plants TD194-195 Renewable energy sources TJ807-830 Environmental sciences GE1-350 Rejaul Hasan Marguerite Moore Robert Handfield Establishing Operational Norms for Labor Rights Standards Implementation in Low-Cost Apparel Production
description	Low-cost production has driven many global apparel brands and retailers to source apparel from less developed countries. However, low-cost apparel production is often accompanied by labor rights violations. A persistent pattern of labor rights violations exists in the global apparel supply chains, including minimum wage violations, unpaid overtime, forced overtime, worker abuse, restricting workers’ unions, and many other violations. Research suggests that low-cost pressures restrict factory level resources, which often leads to labor rights violations in global apparel supply chains. To date, academics and practitioners remain unaware of the actual cost of implementing labor rights standards in factories. We sought to establish a baseline taxonomy of the fundamental cost-bearing activities required to provide a safe and ethical factory workplace. A Delphi survey was adopted to capture data from an expert group of experienced factory compliance auditors in Asian apparel production. The research provides practical insights for factory adoption of actions that can improve enforcement of multiple labor standards, as well as specific actions required to enforce unique requirements that arose in our analysis.
format	article
author	Rejaul Hasan Marguerite Moore Robert Handfield
author_facet	Rejaul Hasan Marguerite Moore Robert Handfield
author_sort	Rejaul Hasan
title	Establishing Operational Norms for Labor Rights Standards Implementation in Low-Cost Apparel Production
title_short	Establishing Operational Norms for Labor Rights Standards Implementation in Low-Cost Apparel Production
title_full	Establishing Operational Norms for Labor Rights Standards Implementation in Low-Cost Apparel Production
title_fullStr	Establishing Operational Norms for Labor Rights Standards Implementation in Low-Cost Apparel Production
title_full_unstemmed	Establishing Operational Norms for Labor Rights Standards Implementation in Low-Cost Apparel Production
title_sort	establishing operational norms for labor rights standards implementation in low-cost apparel production
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/c592a5b17bc942d797cd23a294adae88
work_keys_str_mv	AT rejaulhasan establishingoperationalnormsforlaborrightsstandardsimplementationinlowcostapparelproduction AT margueritemoore establishingoperationalnormsforlaborrightsstandardsimplementationinlowcostapparelproduction AT roberthandfield establishingoperationalnormsforlaborrightsstandardsimplementationinlowcostapparelproduction
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Establishing Operational Norms for Labor Rights Standards Implementation in Low-Cost Apparel Production

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