The effect of colour on reading performance in children, measured by a sensor hub: From the perspective of gender.

In recent decades reported findings regarding gender differences in reading achievement, cognitive abilities and maturation process in boys and girls are conflicting. As reading is one of the most important processes in the maturation of an individual, the aim of the study was to better understand g...

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Autores principales:	Tamara Jakovljević, Milica M Janković, Andrej M Savić, Ivan Soldatović, Ivan Mačužić, Tadeja Jere Jakulin, Gregor Papa, Vanja Ković
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/c5b19d7e17a6499d990e6ed68ae376fb
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:c5b19d7e17a6499d990e6ed68ae376fb2021-12-02T20:10:41ZThe effect of colour on reading performance in children, measured by a sensor hub: From the perspective of gender.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0252622https://doaj.org/article/c5b19d7e17a6499d990e6ed68ae376fb2021-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0252622https://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203In recent decades reported findings regarding gender differences in reading achievement, cognitive abilities and maturation process in boys and girls are conflicting. As reading is one of the most important processes in the maturation of an individual, the aim of the study was to better understand gender differences between primary school students. The study evaluates differences in Heart Rate Variability (HRV), Electroencephalography (EEG), Electrodermal Activities (EDA) and eye movement of participants during the reading task. Taking into account that colour may affect reading skills, in that it affects the emotional and physiological state of the body, the research attempts to provide a better understanding of gender differences in reading through examining the effect of colour, as applied to reading content. The physiological responses of 50 children (25 boys and 25 girls) to 12 different background and overlay colours of reading content were measured and summarised during the reading process. Our findings show that boys have shorter reading duration scores and a longer Saccade Count, Saccade Duration Total, and Saccade Duration Average when reading on a coloured background, especially purple, which could be caused by their motivation and by the type of reading task. Also, the boys had higher values for the Delta band and the Whole Range of EEG measurements in comparison to the girls when reading on coloured backgrounds, which could reflect the faster maturation of the girls. Regarding EDA measurements we did not find systematic differences between groups either on white or on coloured/overlay background. We found the most significant differences arose in the HRV parameters, namely (SDNN (ms), STD HR (beats/min), RMSSD (ms), NN50 (beats), pNN50 (%), CVRR) when children read the text on coloured/overlay backgrounds, where the girls showed systematically higher values on HRV measurements in comparison to the boys, mostly with yellow, red, and orange overlay colours.Tamara JakovljevićMilica M JankovićAndrej M SavićIvan SoldatovićIvan MačužićTadeja Jere JakulinGregor PapaVanja KovićPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 16, Iss 6, p e0252622 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Tamara Jakovljević Milica M Janković Andrej M Savić Ivan Soldatović Ivan Mačužić Tadeja Jere Jakulin Gregor Papa Vanja Ković The effect of colour on reading performance in children, measured by a sensor hub: From the perspective of gender.
description	In recent decades reported findings regarding gender differences in reading achievement, cognitive abilities and maturation process in boys and girls are conflicting. As reading is one of the most important processes in the maturation of an individual, the aim of the study was to better understand gender differences between primary school students. The study evaluates differences in Heart Rate Variability (HRV), Electroencephalography (EEG), Electrodermal Activities (EDA) and eye movement of participants during the reading task. Taking into account that colour may affect reading skills, in that it affects the emotional and physiological state of the body, the research attempts to provide a better understanding of gender differences in reading through examining the effect of colour, as applied to reading content. The physiological responses of 50 children (25 boys and 25 girls) to 12 different background and overlay colours of reading content were measured and summarised during the reading process. Our findings show that boys have shorter reading duration scores and a longer Saccade Count, Saccade Duration Total, and Saccade Duration Average when reading on a coloured background, especially purple, which could be caused by their motivation and by the type of reading task. Also, the boys had higher values for the Delta band and the Whole Range of EEG measurements in comparison to the girls when reading on coloured backgrounds, which could reflect the faster maturation of the girls. Regarding EDA measurements we did not find systematic differences between groups either on white or on coloured/overlay background. We found the most significant differences arose in the HRV parameters, namely (SDNN (ms), STD HR (beats/min), RMSSD (ms), NN50 (beats), pNN50 (%), CVRR) when children read the text on coloured/overlay backgrounds, where the girls showed systematically higher values on HRV measurements in comparison to the boys, mostly with yellow, red, and orange overlay colours.
format	article
author	Tamara Jakovljević Milica M Janković Andrej M Savić Ivan Soldatović Ivan Mačužić Tadeja Jere Jakulin Gregor Papa Vanja Ković
author_facet	Tamara Jakovljević Milica M Janković Andrej M Savić Ivan Soldatović Ivan Mačužić Tadeja Jere Jakulin Gregor Papa Vanja Ković
author_sort	Tamara Jakovljević
title	The effect of colour on reading performance in children, measured by a sensor hub: From the perspective of gender.
title_short	The effect of colour on reading performance in children, measured by a sensor hub: From the perspective of gender.
title_full	The effect of colour on reading performance in children, measured by a sensor hub: From the perspective of gender.
title_fullStr	The effect of colour on reading performance in children, measured by a sensor hub: From the perspective of gender.
title_full_unstemmed	The effect of colour on reading performance in children, measured by a sensor hub: From the perspective of gender.
title_sort	effect of colour on reading performance in children, measured by a sensor hub: from the perspective of gender.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/c5b19d7e17a6499d990e6ed68ae376fb
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The effect of colour on reading performance in children, measured by a sensor hub: From the perspective of gender.

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