A reevaluation of the Native American mtDNA genome diversity and its bearing on the models of early colonization of Beringia.

The Americas were the last continents to be populated by humans, and their colonization represents a very interesting chapter in our species' evolution in which important issues are still contentious or largely unknown. One difficult topic concerns the details of the early peopling of Beringia,...

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Autores principales:	Nelson J R Fagundes, Ricardo Kanitz, Sandro L Bonatto
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2008
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/c5e9def29af944618db202753e072a1b
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:c5e9def29af944618db202753e072a1b2021-11-25T06:18:35ZA reevaluation of the Native American mtDNA genome diversity and its bearing on the models of early colonization of Beringia.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0003157https://doaj.org/article/c5e9def29af944618db202753e072a1b2008-09-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/18797501/pdf/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203The Americas were the last continents to be populated by humans, and their colonization represents a very interesting chapter in our species' evolution in which important issues are still contentious or largely unknown. One difficult topic concerns the details of the early peopling of Beringia, such as for how long it was colonized before people moved into the Americas and the demography of this occupation. A recent work using mitochondrial genome (mtDNA) data presented evidence for a so called "three-stage model" consisting of a very early expansion into Beringia followed by approximately 20,000 years of population stability before the final entry into the Americas. However, these results are in disagreement with other recent studies using similar data and methods. Here, we reanalyze their data to check the robustness of this model and test the ability of Native American mtDNA to discriminate details of the early colonization of Beringia. We apply the Bayesian Skyline Plot approach to recover the past demographic dynamic underpinning these events using different mtDNA data sets. Our results refute the specific details of the "three-stage model", since the early stage of expansion into Beringia followed by a long period of stasis could not be reproduced in any mtDNA data set cleaned from non-Native American haplotypes. Nevertheless, they are consistent with a moderate population bottleneck in Beringia associated with the Last Glacial Maximum followed by a strong population growth around 18,000 years ago as suggested by other recent studies. We suggest that this bottleneck erased the signals of ancient demographic history from recent Native American mtDNA pool, and conclude that the proposed early expansion and occupation of Beringia is an artifact caused by the misincorporation of non-Native American haplotypes.Nelson J R FagundesRicardo KanitzSandro L BonattoPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 3, Iss 9, p e3157 (2008)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Nelson J R Fagundes Ricardo Kanitz Sandro L Bonatto A reevaluation of the Native American mtDNA genome diversity and its bearing on the models of early colonization of Beringia.
description	The Americas were the last continents to be populated by humans, and their colonization represents a very interesting chapter in our species' evolution in which important issues are still contentious or largely unknown. One difficult topic concerns the details of the early peopling of Beringia, such as for how long it was colonized before people moved into the Americas and the demography of this occupation. A recent work using mitochondrial genome (mtDNA) data presented evidence for a so called "three-stage model" consisting of a very early expansion into Beringia followed by approximately 20,000 years of population stability before the final entry into the Americas. However, these results are in disagreement with other recent studies using similar data and methods. Here, we reanalyze their data to check the robustness of this model and test the ability of Native American mtDNA to discriminate details of the early colonization of Beringia. We apply the Bayesian Skyline Plot approach to recover the past demographic dynamic underpinning these events using different mtDNA data sets. Our results refute the specific details of the "three-stage model", since the early stage of expansion into Beringia followed by a long period of stasis could not be reproduced in any mtDNA data set cleaned from non-Native American haplotypes. Nevertheless, they are consistent with a moderate population bottleneck in Beringia associated with the Last Glacial Maximum followed by a strong population growth around 18,000 years ago as suggested by other recent studies. We suggest that this bottleneck erased the signals of ancient demographic history from recent Native American mtDNA pool, and conclude that the proposed early expansion and occupation of Beringia is an artifact caused by the misincorporation of non-Native American haplotypes.
format	article
author	Nelson J R Fagundes Ricardo Kanitz Sandro L Bonatto
author_facet	Nelson J R Fagundes Ricardo Kanitz Sandro L Bonatto
author_sort	Nelson J R Fagundes
title	A reevaluation of the Native American mtDNA genome diversity and its bearing on the models of early colonization of Beringia.
title_short	A reevaluation of the Native American mtDNA genome diversity and its bearing on the models of early colonization of Beringia.
title_full	A reevaluation of the Native American mtDNA genome diversity and its bearing on the models of early colonization of Beringia.
title_fullStr	A reevaluation of the Native American mtDNA genome diversity and its bearing on the models of early colonization of Beringia.
title_full_unstemmed	A reevaluation of the Native American mtDNA genome diversity and its bearing on the models of early colonization of Beringia.
title_sort	reevaluation of the native american mtdna genome diversity and its bearing on the models of early colonization of beringia.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2008
url	https://doaj.org/article/c5e9def29af944618db202753e072a1b
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A reevaluation of the Native American mtDNA genome diversity and its bearing on the models of early colonization of Beringia.

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