Dynamical determinants enabling two different types of flight in cheetah gallop to enhance speed through spine movement

Abstract Cheetahs use a galloping gait in their fastest speed range. It has been reported that cheetahs achieve high-speed galloping by performing two types of flight through spine movement (gathered and extended). However, the dynamic factors that enable cheetahs to incorporate two types of flight...

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Autores principales: Tomoya Kamimura, Shinya Aoi, Yasuo Higurashi, Naomi Wada, Kazuo Tsuchiya, Fumitoshi Matsuno
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Lenguaje:EN
Publicado: Nature Portfolio 2021
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Acceso en línea:https://doaj.org/article/c613d8ab82c340fba287223c89d12b43
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spelling oai:doaj.org-article:c613d8ab82c340fba287223c89d12b432021-12-02T14:29:09ZDynamical determinants enabling two different types of flight in cheetah gallop to enhance speed through spine movement10.1038/s41598-021-88879-02045-2322https://doaj.org/article/c613d8ab82c340fba287223c89d12b432021-05-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-88879-0https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Cheetahs use a galloping gait in their fastest speed range. It has been reported that cheetahs achieve high-speed galloping by performing two types of flight through spine movement (gathered and extended). However, the dynamic factors that enable cheetahs to incorporate two types of flight while galloping remain unclear. To elucidate this issue from a dynamical viewpoint, we developed a simple analytical model. We derived possible periodic solutions with two different flight types (like cheetah galloping), and others with only one flight type (unlike cheetah galloping). The periodic solutions provided two criteria to determine the flight type, related to the position and magnitude of ground reaction forces entering the body. The periodic solutions and criteria were verified using measured cheetah data, and provided a dynamical mechanism by which galloping with two flight types enhances speed. These findings extend current understanding of the dynamical mechanisms underlying high-speed locomotion in cheetahs.Tomoya KamimuraShinya AoiYasuo HigurashiNaomi WadaKazuo TsuchiyaFumitoshi MatsunoNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-12 (2021)
institution DOAJ
collection DOAJ
language EN
topic Medicine
R
Science
Q
spellingShingle Medicine
R
Science
Q
Tomoya Kamimura
Shinya Aoi
Yasuo Higurashi
Naomi Wada
Kazuo Tsuchiya
Fumitoshi Matsuno
Dynamical determinants enabling two different types of flight in cheetah gallop to enhance speed through spine movement
description Abstract Cheetahs use a galloping gait in their fastest speed range. It has been reported that cheetahs achieve high-speed galloping by performing two types of flight through spine movement (gathered and extended). However, the dynamic factors that enable cheetahs to incorporate two types of flight while galloping remain unclear. To elucidate this issue from a dynamical viewpoint, we developed a simple analytical model. We derived possible periodic solutions with two different flight types (like cheetah galloping), and others with only one flight type (unlike cheetah galloping). The periodic solutions provided two criteria to determine the flight type, related to the position and magnitude of ground reaction forces entering the body. The periodic solutions and criteria were verified using measured cheetah data, and provided a dynamical mechanism by which galloping with two flight types enhances speed. These findings extend current understanding of the dynamical mechanisms underlying high-speed locomotion in cheetahs.
format article
author Tomoya Kamimura
Shinya Aoi
Yasuo Higurashi
Naomi Wada
Kazuo Tsuchiya
Fumitoshi Matsuno
author_facet Tomoya Kamimura
Shinya Aoi
Yasuo Higurashi
Naomi Wada
Kazuo Tsuchiya
Fumitoshi Matsuno
author_sort Tomoya Kamimura
title Dynamical determinants enabling two different types of flight in cheetah gallop to enhance speed through spine movement
title_short Dynamical determinants enabling two different types of flight in cheetah gallop to enhance speed through spine movement
title_full Dynamical determinants enabling two different types of flight in cheetah gallop to enhance speed through spine movement
title_fullStr Dynamical determinants enabling two different types of flight in cheetah gallop to enhance speed through spine movement
title_full_unstemmed Dynamical determinants enabling two different types of flight in cheetah gallop to enhance speed through spine movement
title_sort dynamical determinants enabling two different types of flight in cheetah gallop to enhance speed through spine movement
publisher Nature Portfolio
publishDate 2021
url https://doaj.org/article/c613d8ab82c340fba287223c89d12b43
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