Intranasal Delivery of Nerve Growth Factor in Neurodegenerative Diseases and Neurotrauma

Since the 1980s, the development of a pharmacology based on nerve growth factor (NGF) has been postulated for the therapy of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). This hypothesis was based on the rescuing effect of the neurotrophin on the cholinergic phenotype of the basal forebrain neurons, primarily compromis...

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Autores principales:	Luigi Manni, Giorgio Conti, Antonio Chiaretti, Marzia Soligo
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:	nerve growth factor intranasal delivery pharmacology neurodegeneration neurotrauma and neurodegenerative disease Therapeutics. Pharmacology RM1-950
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/c61e5f160f2b4259aaf62ed2afadf5df
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:c61e5f160f2b4259aaf62ed2afadf5df2021-11-16T06:17:21ZIntranasal Delivery of Nerve Growth Factor in Neurodegenerative Diseases and Neurotrauma1663-981210.3389/fphar.2021.754502https://doaj.org/article/c61e5f160f2b4259aaf62ed2afadf5df2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphar.2021.754502/fullhttps://doaj.org/toc/1663-9812Since the 1980s, the development of a pharmacology based on nerve growth factor (NGF) has been postulated for the therapy of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). This hypothesis was based on the rescuing effect of the neurotrophin on the cholinergic phenotype of the basal forebrain neurons, primarily compromised during the development of AD. Subsequently, the use of NGF was put forward to treat a broader spectrum of neurological conditions affecting the central nervous system, such as Parkinson’s disease, degenerative retinopathies, severe brain traumas and neurodevelopmental dysfunctions. While supported by solid rational assumptions, the progress of a pharmacology founded on these hypotheses has been hampered by the difficulty of conveying NGF towards the brain parenchyma without resorting to invasive and risky delivery methods. At the end of the last century, it was shown that NGF administered intranasally to the olfactory epithelium was able to spread into the brain parenchyma. Notably, after such delivery, pharmacologically relevant concentration of exogenous NGF was found in brain areas located at considerable distances from the injection site along the rostral-caudal axis. These observations paved the way for preclinical characterization and clinical trials on the efficacy of intranasal NGF for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases and of the consequences of brain trauma. In this review, a summary of the preclinical and clinical studies published to date will be attempted, as well as a discussion about the mechanisms underlying the efficacy and the possible development of the pharmacology based on intranasal conveyance of NGF to the brain.Luigi ManniGiorgio ContiAntonio ChiarettiMarzia SoligoFrontiers Media S.A.articlenerve growth factorintranasal deliverypharmacologyneurodegenerationneurotrauma and neurodegenerative diseaseTherapeutics. PharmacologyRM1-950ENFrontiers in Pharmacology, Vol 12 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	nerve growth factor intranasal delivery pharmacology neurodegeneration neurotrauma and neurodegenerative disease Therapeutics. Pharmacology RM1-950
spellingShingle	nerve growth factor intranasal delivery pharmacology neurodegeneration neurotrauma and neurodegenerative disease Therapeutics. Pharmacology RM1-950 Luigi Manni Giorgio Conti Antonio Chiaretti Marzia Soligo Intranasal Delivery of Nerve Growth Factor in Neurodegenerative Diseases and Neurotrauma
description	Since the 1980s, the development of a pharmacology based on nerve growth factor (NGF) has been postulated for the therapy of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). This hypothesis was based on the rescuing effect of the neurotrophin on the cholinergic phenotype of the basal forebrain neurons, primarily compromised during the development of AD. Subsequently, the use of NGF was put forward to treat a broader spectrum of neurological conditions affecting the central nervous system, such as Parkinson’s disease, degenerative retinopathies, severe brain traumas and neurodevelopmental dysfunctions. While supported by solid rational assumptions, the progress of a pharmacology founded on these hypotheses has been hampered by the difficulty of conveying NGF towards the brain parenchyma without resorting to invasive and risky delivery methods. At the end of the last century, it was shown that NGF administered intranasally to the olfactory epithelium was able to spread into the brain parenchyma. Notably, after such delivery, pharmacologically relevant concentration of exogenous NGF was found in brain areas located at considerable distances from the injection site along the rostral-caudal axis. These observations paved the way for preclinical characterization and clinical trials on the efficacy of intranasal NGF for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases and of the consequences of brain trauma. In this review, a summary of the preclinical and clinical studies published to date will be attempted, as well as a discussion about the mechanisms underlying the efficacy and the possible development of the pharmacology based on intranasal conveyance of NGF to the brain.
format	article
author	Luigi Manni Giorgio Conti Antonio Chiaretti Marzia Soligo
author_facet	Luigi Manni Giorgio Conti Antonio Chiaretti Marzia Soligo
author_sort	Luigi Manni
title	Intranasal Delivery of Nerve Growth Factor in Neurodegenerative Diseases and Neurotrauma
title_short	Intranasal Delivery of Nerve Growth Factor in Neurodegenerative Diseases and Neurotrauma
title_full	Intranasal Delivery of Nerve Growth Factor in Neurodegenerative Diseases and Neurotrauma
title_fullStr	Intranasal Delivery of Nerve Growth Factor in Neurodegenerative Diseases and Neurotrauma
title_full_unstemmed	Intranasal Delivery of Nerve Growth Factor in Neurodegenerative Diseases and Neurotrauma
title_sort	intranasal delivery of nerve growth factor in neurodegenerative diseases and neurotrauma
publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/c61e5f160f2b4259aaf62ed2afadf5df
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Intranasal Delivery of Nerve Growth Factor in Neurodegenerative Diseases and Neurotrauma

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