Free-standing, thin-film sensors for the trace detection of explosives

Abstract In a world focused on the development of cybersecurity, many densely populated areas and transportation hubs are still susceptible to terrorist attacks via improvised explosive devices (IEDs). These devices frequently employ a combination of peroxide based explosives as well as nitramines,...

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Autores principales:	Peter P. Ricci, Otto J. Gregory
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/c63fa15c311647a8a8088662b7a73c0d
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:c63fa15c311647a8a8088662b7a73c0d2021-12-02T13:24:15ZFree-standing, thin-film sensors for the trace detection of explosives10.1038/s41598-021-86077-62045-2322https://doaj.org/article/c63fa15c311647a8a8088662b7a73c0d2021-03-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-86077-6https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract In a world focused on the development of cybersecurity, many densely populated areas and transportation hubs are still susceptible to terrorist attacks via improvised explosive devices (IEDs). These devices frequently employ a combination of peroxide based explosives as well as nitramines, nitrates, and nitroaromatics. Detection of these explosives can be challenging due to varying chemical composition and the extremely low vapor pressures exhibited by some explosive compounds. No electronic trace detection system currently exists that is capable of continuously monitoring both peroxide based explosives and certain nitrogen based explosives, or their precursors, in the vapor phase. Recently, we developed a thermodynamic sensor that can detect a multitude of explosives in the vapor phase at the parts-per-trillion (ppt) level. The sensors rely on the catalytic decomposition of the explosive and specific oxidation–reduction reactions between the energetic molecule and metal oxide catalyst; i.e. the heat effects associated with catalytic decomposition and redox reactions between the decomposition products and catalyst are measured. Improved sensor response and selectivity were achieved by fabricating free-standing, ultrathin film (1 µm thick) microheater sensors for this purpose. The fabrication method used here relies on the interdiffusion mechanics between a copper (Cu) adhesion layer and the palladium (Pd) microheater sensor. A detailed description of the fabrication process to produce a free-standing 1 µm thick sensor is presented.Peter P. RicciOtto J. GregoryNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-10 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Peter P. Ricci Otto J. Gregory Free-standing, thin-film sensors for the trace detection of explosives
description	Abstract In a world focused on the development of cybersecurity, many densely populated areas and transportation hubs are still susceptible to terrorist attacks via improvised explosive devices (IEDs). These devices frequently employ a combination of peroxide based explosives as well as nitramines, nitrates, and nitroaromatics. Detection of these explosives can be challenging due to varying chemical composition and the extremely low vapor pressures exhibited by some explosive compounds. No electronic trace detection system currently exists that is capable of continuously monitoring both peroxide based explosives and certain nitrogen based explosives, or their precursors, in the vapor phase. Recently, we developed a thermodynamic sensor that can detect a multitude of explosives in the vapor phase at the parts-per-trillion (ppt) level. The sensors rely on the catalytic decomposition of the explosive and specific oxidation–reduction reactions between the energetic molecule and metal oxide catalyst; i.e. the heat effects associated with catalytic decomposition and redox reactions between the decomposition products and catalyst are measured. Improved sensor response and selectivity were achieved by fabricating free-standing, ultrathin film (1 µm thick) microheater sensors for this purpose. The fabrication method used here relies on the interdiffusion mechanics between a copper (Cu) adhesion layer and the palladium (Pd) microheater sensor. A detailed description of the fabrication process to produce a free-standing 1 µm thick sensor is presented.
format	article
author	Peter P. Ricci Otto J. Gregory
author_facet	Peter P. Ricci Otto J. Gregory
author_sort	Peter P. Ricci
title	Free-standing, thin-film sensors for the trace detection of explosives
title_short	Free-standing, thin-film sensors for the trace detection of explosives
title_full	Free-standing, thin-film sensors for the trace detection of explosives
title_fullStr	Free-standing, thin-film sensors for the trace detection of explosives
title_full_unstemmed	Free-standing, thin-film sensors for the trace detection of explosives
title_sort	free-standing, thin-film sensors for the trace detection of explosives
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/c63fa15c311647a8a8088662b7a73c0d
work_keys_str_mv	AT peterpricci freestandingthinfilmsensorsforthetracedetectionofexplosives AT ottojgregory freestandingthinfilmsensorsforthetracedetectionofexplosives
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Free-standing, thin-film sensors for the trace detection of explosives

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