Scavenged 239Pu, 240Pu, and 241Am from snowfalls in the atmosphere settling on Mt. Zugspitze in 2014, 2015 and 2016

Abstract Concentrations of 239Pu, 240Pu, and 241Am, and atomic ratio of 240Pu/239Pu in freshly fallen snow on Mt. Zugspitze collected in 2014, 2015 and 2016 were determined by accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS). For the sub-femtogram (10−15 g) - level of Pu and Am analysis, a chemical separation pr...

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Autores principales:	Katharina Gückel, Taeko Shinonaga, Marcus Christl, Jochen Tschiersch
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2017
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/c652cad87dfa47669f1126aeb3ef179f
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:c652cad87dfa47669f1126aeb3ef179f2021-12-02T15:05:52ZScavenged 239Pu, 240Pu, and 241Am from snowfalls in the atmosphere settling on Mt. Zugspitze in 2014, 2015 and 201610.1038/s41598-017-12079-y2045-2322https://doaj.org/article/c652cad87dfa47669f1126aeb3ef179f2017-09-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-12079-yhttps://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Concentrations of 239Pu, 240Pu, and 241Am, and atomic ratio of 240Pu/239Pu in freshly fallen snow on Mt. Zugspitze collected in 2014, 2015 and 2016 were determined by accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS). For the sub-femtogram (10−15 g) - level of Pu and Am analysis, a chemical separation procedure combined with AMS was improved and an excellent overall efficiency of about 10−4 was achieved. The concentration of 239Pu ranges from 75 ± 13 ag/kg to 2823 ± 84 ag/kg, of 240Pu from 20.6 ± 5.2 to 601 ± 21 ag/kg, and of 241Am was found in the range of 16.7 ± 5.0–218.8 ± 8.9 ag/kg. Atomic ratios of 240Pu/239Pu for most samples are comparable to the fallout in middle Europe. One exceptional sample shows a higher Pu concentration. High airborne dust concentration, wind directions, high Cs concentrations and the activity ratio of 239+240Pu/137Cs lead to the conclusion that the sample was influenced by Pu in Saharan dust transported to Mt. Zugspitze.Katharina GückelTaeko ShinonagaMarcus ChristlJochen TschierschNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 7, Iss 1, Pp 1-9 (2017)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Katharina Gückel Taeko Shinonaga Marcus Christl Jochen Tschiersch Scavenged 239Pu, 240Pu, and 241Am from snowfalls in the atmosphere settling on Mt. Zugspitze in 2014, 2015 and 2016
description	Abstract Concentrations of 239Pu, 240Pu, and 241Am, and atomic ratio of 240Pu/239Pu in freshly fallen snow on Mt. Zugspitze collected in 2014, 2015 and 2016 were determined by accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS). For the sub-femtogram (10−15 g) - level of Pu and Am analysis, a chemical separation procedure combined with AMS was improved and an excellent overall efficiency of about 10−4 was achieved. The concentration of 239Pu ranges from 75 ± 13 ag/kg to 2823 ± 84 ag/kg, of 240Pu from 20.6 ± 5.2 to 601 ± 21 ag/kg, and of 241Am was found in the range of 16.7 ± 5.0–218.8 ± 8.9 ag/kg. Atomic ratios of 240Pu/239Pu for most samples are comparable to the fallout in middle Europe. One exceptional sample shows a higher Pu concentration. High airborne dust concentration, wind directions, high Cs concentrations and the activity ratio of 239+240Pu/137Cs lead to the conclusion that the sample was influenced by Pu in Saharan dust transported to Mt. Zugspitze.
format	article
author	Katharina Gückel Taeko Shinonaga Marcus Christl Jochen Tschiersch
author_facet	Katharina Gückel Taeko Shinonaga Marcus Christl Jochen Tschiersch
author_sort	Katharina Gückel
title	Scavenged 239Pu, 240Pu, and 241Am from snowfalls in the atmosphere settling on Mt. Zugspitze in 2014, 2015 and 2016
title_short	Scavenged 239Pu, 240Pu, and 241Am from snowfalls in the atmosphere settling on Mt. Zugspitze in 2014, 2015 and 2016
title_full	Scavenged 239Pu, 240Pu, and 241Am from snowfalls in the atmosphere settling on Mt. Zugspitze in 2014, 2015 and 2016
title_fullStr	Scavenged 239Pu, 240Pu, and 241Am from snowfalls in the atmosphere settling on Mt. Zugspitze in 2014, 2015 and 2016
title_full_unstemmed	Scavenged 239Pu, 240Pu, and 241Am from snowfalls in the atmosphere settling on Mt. Zugspitze in 2014, 2015 and 2016
title_sort	scavenged 239pu, 240pu, and 241am from snowfalls in the atmosphere settling on mt. zugspitze in 2014, 2015 and 2016
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2017
url	https://doaj.org/article/c652cad87dfa47669f1126aeb3ef179f
work_keys_str_mv	AT katharinaguckel scavenged239pu240puand241amfromsnowfallsintheatmospheresettlingonmtzugspitzein20142015and2016 AT taekoshinonaga scavenged239pu240puand241amfromsnowfallsintheatmospheresettlingonmtzugspitzein20142015and2016 AT marcuschristl scavenged239pu240puand241amfromsnowfallsintheatmospheresettlingonmtzugspitzein20142015and2016 AT jochentschiersch scavenged239pu240puand241amfromsnowfallsintheatmospheresettlingonmtzugspitzein20142015and2016
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Scavenged 239Pu, 240Pu, and 241Am from snowfalls in the atmosphere settling on Mt. Zugspitze in 2014, 2015 and 2016

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