Increased genetic variance of BMI with a higher prevalence of obesity.

<h4>Background and objectives</h4>There is no doubt that the dramatic worldwide increase in obesity prevalence is due to changes in environmental factors. However, twin studies suggest that genetic differences are responsible for the major part of the variation in body mass index (BMI) a...

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Autores principales:	Benjamin Rokholm, Karri Silventoinen, Lars Ängquist, Axel Skytthe, Kirsten Ohm Kyvik, Thorkild I A Sørensen
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2011
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/c655730cbc7d4e9496a45eabd57a7744
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:c655730cbc7d4e9496a45eabd57a77442021-11-18T06:51:02ZIncreased genetic variance of BMI with a higher prevalence of obesity.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0020816https://doaj.org/article/c655730cbc7d4e9496a45eabd57a77442011-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/21738588/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203<h4>Background and objectives</h4>There is no doubt that the dramatic worldwide increase in obesity prevalence is due to changes in environmental factors. However, twin studies suggest that genetic differences are responsible for the major part of the variation in body mass index (BMI) and other measures of body fatness within populations. Several recent studies suggest that the genetic effects on adiposity may be stronger when combined with presumed risk factors for obesity. We tested the hypothesis that a higher prevalence of obesity and overweight and a higher BMI mean is associated with a larger genetic variation in BMI.<h4>Methods</h4>The data consisted of self-reported height and weight from two Danish twin surveys in 1994 and 2002. A total of 15,017 monozygotic and dizygotic twin pairs were divided into subgroups by year of birth (from 1931 through 1982) and sex. The genetic and environmental variance components of BMI were calculated for each subgroup using the classical twin design. Likewise, the prevalence of obesity, prevalence of overweight and the mean of the BMI distribution was calculated for each subgroup and tested as explanatory variables in a random effects meta-regression model with the square root of the additive genetic variance (equal to the standard deviation) as the dependent variable.<h4>Results</h4>The size of additive genetic variation was positively and significantly associated with obesity prevalence (p = 0.001) and the mean of the BMI distribution (p = 0.015). The association with prevalence of overweight was positive but not statistically significant (p = 0.177).<h4>Conclusion</h4>The results suggest that the genetic variation in BMI increases as the prevalence of obesity, prevalence of overweight and the BMI mean increases. The findings suggest that the genes related to body fatness are expressed more aggressively under the influence of an obesity-promoting environment.Benjamin RokholmKarri SilventoinenLars ÄngquistAxel SkyttheKirsten Ohm KyvikThorkild I A SørensenPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 6, Iss 6, p e20816 (2011)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Benjamin Rokholm Karri Silventoinen Lars Ängquist Axel Skytthe Kirsten Ohm Kyvik Thorkild I A Sørensen Increased genetic variance of BMI with a higher prevalence of obesity.
description	<h4>Background and objectives</h4>There is no doubt that the dramatic worldwide increase in obesity prevalence is due to changes in environmental factors. However, twin studies suggest that genetic differences are responsible for the major part of the variation in body mass index (BMI) and other measures of body fatness within populations. Several recent studies suggest that the genetic effects on adiposity may be stronger when combined with presumed risk factors for obesity. We tested the hypothesis that a higher prevalence of obesity and overweight and a higher BMI mean is associated with a larger genetic variation in BMI.<h4>Methods</h4>The data consisted of self-reported height and weight from two Danish twin surveys in 1994 and 2002. A total of 15,017 monozygotic and dizygotic twin pairs were divided into subgroups by year of birth (from 1931 through 1982) and sex. The genetic and environmental variance components of BMI were calculated for each subgroup using the classical twin design. Likewise, the prevalence of obesity, prevalence of overweight and the mean of the BMI distribution was calculated for each subgroup and tested as explanatory variables in a random effects meta-regression model with the square root of the additive genetic variance (equal to the standard deviation) as the dependent variable.<h4>Results</h4>The size of additive genetic variation was positively and significantly associated with obesity prevalence (p = 0.001) and the mean of the BMI distribution (p = 0.015). The association with prevalence of overweight was positive but not statistically significant (p = 0.177).<h4>Conclusion</h4>The results suggest that the genetic variation in BMI increases as the prevalence of obesity, prevalence of overweight and the BMI mean increases. The findings suggest that the genes related to body fatness are expressed more aggressively under the influence of an obesity-promoting environment.
format	article
author	Benjamin Rokholm Karri Silventoinen Lars Ängquist Axel Skytthe Kirsten Ohm Kyvik Thorkild I A Sørensen
author_facet	Benjamin Rokholm Karri Silventoinen Lars Ängquist Axel Skytthe Kirsten Ohm Kyvik Thorkild I A Sørensen
author_sort	Benjamin Rokholm
title	Increased genetic variance of BMI with a higher prevalence of obesity.
title_short	Increased genetic variance of BMI with a higher prevalence of obesity.
title_full	Increased genetic variance of BMI with a higher prevalence of obesity.
title_fullStr	Increased genetic variance of BMI with a higher prevalence of obesity.
title_full_unstemmed	Increased genetic variance of BMI with a higher prevalence of obesity.
title_sort	increased genetic variance of bmi with a higher prevalence of obesity.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2011
url	https://doaj.org/article/c655730cbc7d4e9496a45eabd57a7744
work_keys_str_mv	AT benjaminrokholm increasedgeneticvarianceofbmiwithahigherprevalenceofobesity AT karrisilventoinen increasedgeneticvarianceofbmiwithahigherprevalenceofobesity AT larsangquist increasedgeneticvarianceofbmiwithahigherprevalenceofobesity AT axelskytthe increasedgeneticvarianceofbmiwithahigherprevalenceofobesity AT kirstenohmkyvik increasedgeneticvarianceofbmiwithahigherprevalenceofobesity AT thorkildiasørensen increasedgeneticvarianceofbmiwithahigherprevalenceofobesity
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Increased genetic variance of BMI with a higher prevalence of obesity.

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