Associations between green/blue spaces and mental health across 18 countries
Abstract Living near, recreating in, and feeling psychologically connected to, the natural world are all associated with better mental health, but many exposure-related questions remain. Using data from an 18-country survey (n = 16,307) we explored associations between multiple measures of mental he...
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Nature Portfolio
2021
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oai:doaj.org-article:c67684b279d24c28b92ef208686ed71c2021-12-02T17:16:17ZAssociations between green/blue spaces and mental health across 18 countries10.1038/s41598-021-87675-02045-2322https://doaj.org/article/c67684b279d24c28b92ef208686ed71c2021-04-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-87675-0https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Living near, recreating in, and feeling psychologically connected to, the natural world are all associated with better mental health, but many exposure-related questions remain. Using data from an 18-country survey (n = 16,307) we explored associations between multiple measures of mental health (positive well-being, mental distress, depression/anxiety medication use) and: (a) exposures (residential/recreational visits) to different natural settings (green/inland-blue/coastal-blue spaces); and (b) nature connectedness, across season and country. People who lived in greener/coastal neighbourhoods reported higher positive well-being, but this association largely disappeared when recreational visits were controlled for. Frequency of recreational visits to green, inland-blue, and coastal-blue spaces in the last 4 weeks were all positively associated with positive well-being and negatively associated with mental distress. Associations with green space visits were relatively consistent across seasons and countries but associations with blue space visits showed greater heterogeneity. Nature connectedness was also positively associated with positive well-being and negatively associated with mental distress and was, along with green space visits, associated with a lower likelihood of using medication for depression. By contrast inland-blue space visits were associated with a greater likelihood of using anxiety medication. Results highlight the benefits of multi-exposure, multi-response, multi-country studies in exploring complexity in nature-health associations.Mathew P. WhiteLewis R. ElliottJames GrellierTheo EconomouSimon BellGregory N. BratmanMarta CirachMireia GasconMaria L. LimaMare LõhmusMark NieuwenhuijsenAnn OjalaAnne RoikoP. Wesley SchultzMatilda van den BoschLora E. FlemingNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-12 (2021) |
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DOAJ |
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DOAJ |
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EN |
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Medicine R Science Q |
| spellingShingle |
Medicine R Science Q Mathew P. White Lewis R. Elliott James Grellier Theo Economou Simon Bell Gregory N. Bratman Marta Cirach Mireia Gascon Maria L. Lima Mare Lõhmus Mark Nieuwenhuijsen Ann Ojala Anne Roiko P. Wesley Schultz Matilda van den Bosch Lora E. Fleming Associations between green/blue spaces and mental health across 18 countries |
| description |
Abstract Living near, recreating in, and feeling psychologically connected to, the natural world are all associated with better mental health, but many exposure-related questions remain. Using data from an 18-country survey (n = 16,307) we explored associations between multiple measures of mental health (positive well-being, mental distress, depression/anxiety medication use) and: (a) exposures (residential/recreational visits) to different natural settings (green/inland-blue/coastal-blue spaces); and (b) nature connectedness, across season and country. People who lived in greener/coastal neighbourhoods reported higher positive well-being, but this association largely disappeared when recreational visits were controlled for. Frequency of recreational visits to green, inland-blue, and coastal-blue spaces in the last 4 weeks were all positively associated with positive well-being and negatively associated with mental distress. Associations with green space visits were relatively consistent across seasons and countries but associations with blue space visits showed greater heterogeneity. Nature connectedness was also positively associated with positive well-being and negatively associated with mental distress and was, along with green space visits, associated with a lower likelihood of using medication for depression. By contrast inland-blue space visits were associated with a greater likelihood of using anxiety medication. Results highlight the benefits of multi-exposure, multi-response, multi-country studies in exploring complexity in nature-health associations. |
| format |
article |
| author |
Mathew P. White Lewis R. Elliott James Grellier Theo Economou Simon Bell Gregory N. Bratman Marta Cirach Mireia Gascon Maria L. Lima Mare Lõhmus Mark Nieuwenhuijsen Ann Ojala Anne Roiko P. Wesley Schultz Matilda van den Bosch Lora E. Fleming |
| author_facet |
Mathew P. White Lewis R. Elliott James Grellier Theo Economou Simon Bell Gregory N. Bratman Marta Cirach Mireia Gascon Maria L. Lima Mare Lõhmus Mark Nieuwenhuijsen Ann Ojala Anne Roiko P. Wesley Schultz Matilda van den Bosch Lora E. Fleming |
| author_sort |
Mathew P. White |
| title |
Associations between green/blue spaces and mental health across 18 countries |
| title_short |
Associations between green/blue spaces and mental health across 18 countries |
| title_full |
Associations between green/blue spaces and mental health across 18 countries |
| title_fullStr |
Associations between green/blue spaces and mental health across 18 countries |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Associations between green/blue spaces and mental health across 18 countries |
| title_sort |
associations between green/blue spaces and mental health across 18 countries |
| publisher |
Nature Portfolio |
| publishDate |
2021 |
| url |
https://doaj.org/article/c67684b279d24c28b92ef208686ed71c |
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