Ectopic expression of TaBG1 increases seed size and alters nutritional characteristics of the grain in wheat but does not lead to increased yields

Abstract Background Grain size is thought to be a major component of yield in many plant species. Here we set out to understand if knowledge from other cereals such as rice could translate to increased yield gains in wheat and lead to increased nitrogen use efficiency. Previous findings that the ove...

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Autores principales:	Matthew J. Milner, Sarah Bowden, Melanie Craze, Emma J. Wallington
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	BMC 2021
Materias:	Seed size Big grain 1 Nitrogen Zinc Iron Seed number Botany QK1-989
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/c67b5b567b674321ab59f3b5a984aac1
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:c67b5b567b674321ab59f3b5a984aac12021-11-14T12:09:24ZEctopic expression of TaBG1 increases seed size and alters nutritional characteristics of the grain in wheat but does not lead to increased yields10.1186/s12870-021-03294-x1471-2229https://doaj.org/article/c67b5b567b674321ab59f3b5a984aac12021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1186/s12870-021-03294-xhttps://doaj.org/toc/1471-2229Abstract Background Grain size is thought to be a major component of yield in many plant species. Here we set out to understand if knowledge from other cereals such as rice could translate to increased yield gains in wheat and lead to increased nitrogen use efficiency. Previous findings that the overexpression of OsBG1 in rice increased yields while increasing seed size suggest translating gains from rice to other cereals may help to increase yields. Results The orthologous genes of OsBG1 were identified in wheat. One homoeologous wheat gene was cloned and overexpressed in wheat to understand its role in controlling seed size. Potential alteration in the nutritional profile of the grains were also analyzed in wheat overexpressing TaBG1. It was found that increased TaBG1-A expression could indeed lead to larger seed size but was linked to a reduction in seed number per plant leading to no significant overall increase in yield. Other important components of yield such as biomass or tillering did not change significantly with increased TaBG1-A expression. The nutritional profile of the grain was altered, with a significant decrease in the Zn levels in the grain associated with increased seed size, but Fe and Mn concentrations were unchanged. Protein content of the wheat grain also fell under moderate N fertilization levels but not under deficient or adequate levels of N. Conclusions TaBG1 does control seed size in wheat but increasing the seed size per se does not increase yield and may come at the cost of lower concentrations of essential elements as well as potentially lower protein content. Nevertheless, TaBG1 could be a useful target for further breeding efforts in combination with other genes for increased biomass.Matthew J. MilnerSarah BowdenMelanie CrazeEmma J. WallingtonBMCarticleSeed sizeBig grain 1NitrogenZincIronSeed numberBotanyQK1-989ENBMC Plant Biology, Vol 21, Iss 1, Pp 1-12 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Seed size Big grain 1 Nitrogen Zinc Iron Seed number Botany QK1-989
spellingShingle	Seed size Big grain 1 Nitrogen Zinc Iron Seed number Botany QK1-989 Matthew J. Milner Sarah Bowden Melanie Craze Emma J. Wallington Ectopic expression of TaBG1 increases seed size and alters nutritional characteristics of the grain in wheat but does not lead to increased yields
description	Abstract Background Grain size is thought to be a major component of yield in many plant species. Here we set out to understand if knowledge from other cereals such as rice could translate to increased yield gains in wheat and lead to increased nitrogen use efficiency. Previous findings that the overexpression of OsBG1 in rice increased yields while increasing seed size suggest translating gains from rice to other cereals may help to increase yields. Results The orthologous genes of OsBG1 were identified in wheat. One homoeologous wheat gene was cloned and overexpressed in wheat to understand its role in controlling seed size. Potential alteration in the nutritional profile of the grains were also analyzed in wheat overexpressing TaBG1. It was found that increased TaBG1-A expression could indeed lead to larger seed size but was linked to a reduction in seed number per plant leading to no significant overall increase in yield. Other important components of yield such as biomass or tillering did not change significantly with increased TaBG1-A expression. The nutritional profile of the grain was altered, with a significant decrease in the Zn levels in the grain associated with increased seed size, but Fe and Mn concentrations were unchanged. Protein content of the wheat grain also fell under moderate N fertilization levels but not under deficient or adequate levels of N. Conclusions TaBG1 does control seed size in wheat but increasing the seed size per se does not increase yield and may come at the cost of lower concentrations of essential elements as well as potentially lower protein content. Nevertheless, TaBG1 could be a useful target for further breeding efforts in combination with other genes for increased biomass.
format	article
author	Matthew J. Milner Sarah Bowden Melanie Craze Emma J. Wallington
author_facet	Matthew J. Milner Sarah Bowden Melanie Craze Emma J. Wallington
author_sort	Matthew J. Milner
title	Ectopic expression of TaBG1 increases seed size and alters nutritional characteristics of the grain in wheat but does not lead to increased yields
title_short	Ectopic expression of TaBG1 increases seed size and alters nutritional characteristics of the grain in wheat but does not lead to increased yields
title_full	Ectopic expression of TaBG1 increases seed size and alters nutritional characteristics of the grain in wheat but does not lead to increased yields
title_fullStr	Ectopic expression of TaBG1 increases seed size and alters nutritional characteristics of the grain in wheat but does not lead to increased yields
title_full_unstemmed	Ectopic expression of TaBG1 increases seed size and alters nutritional characteristics of the grain in wheat but does not lead to increased yields
title_sort	ectopic expression of tabg1 increases seed size and alters nutritional characteristics of the grain in wheat but does not lead to increased yields
publisher	BMC
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/c67b5b567b674321ab59f3b5a984aac1
work_keys_str_mv	AT matthewjmilner ectopicexpressionoftabg1increasesseedsizeandaltersnutritionalcharacteristicsofthegraininwheatbutdoesnotleadtoincreasedyields AT sarahbowden ectopicexpressionoftabg1increasesseedsizeandaltersnutritionalcharacteristicsofthegraininwheatbutdoesnotleadtoincreasedyields AT melaniecraze ectopicexpressionoftabg1increasesseedsizeandaltersnutritionalcharacteristicsofthegraininwheatbutdoesnotleadtoincreasedyields AT emmajwallington ectopicexpressionoftabg1increasesseedsizeandaltersnutritionalcharacteristicsofthegraininwheatbutdoesnotleadtoincreasedyields
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Ectopic expression of TaBG1 increases seed size and alters nutritional characteristics of the grain in wheat but does not lead to increased yields

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